scholarly journals Recirculation of sludge-water in the water treatment process – a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-468
Author(s):  
Tomáš Kučera ◽  
Veronika Hanušová
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Waste Water Management ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Abstract This paper presents the results of the first phase of research that evaluates options for the optimization of waste-water management during water treatment. The research was conducted in a specific treatment plant, with surface-water sources, to verify the option of recirculating part of the sludge-water back to the beginning of the technological line and mixing this with a portion of raw water. An evaluation of risk factors is necessary for such treatment, as they could render the recirculation of the backwashing water impossible. The motivation behind this research lies in the potential savings of operating costs, particularly the costs of pumping raw water from a watercourse. This research evaluated data regarding the quality of both raw and processed water, focusing on six indicators – turbidity, color, chemical oxygen demand, and concentrations of aluminum, iron and manganese. The evaluation established through these factors indicates that the plan for returning a certain volume of sludge-water back into the process is possible and should cause no problems regarding the quality of drinking water produced. Based on the results of the first phase of this research, it is possible to recirculate up to 6% of overall raw-water volume back into the process.

scholarly journals Research on improving water quality using two experimental statistical methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 08014
Author(s):  
Mihail Aurel Ţîţu ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
Costel Ceocea ◽  
Alina Bianca Pop ◽  
Ştefan Ţîţu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Taguchi’S Method ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Experiment Method ◽  
Points Of View

This scientific paper addresses the importance of water treatment process until it becomes drinkable, studying the treatment process from different points of view that are considered to be relevant. The choice of this subject was motivated by the water consumption importance for the entire population, the scientific paper proposing to study in what way this water treatment process could be improved, using for analysis two methods of experimental statistical modeling, namely the Taguchi's method and the factorial experiment method. The purpose of this scientific paper was to identify the deficiencies of the water treatment process after it entered the treatment plant and analyze is carried out using the two mentioned methods above, were continued by finding optimization solutions for the process. These solutions are intended to avoid the situations in which the treatment plant may be unable to cover the required volume of drinking water and to ensure the quality of the drinking water supplied to consumers according to the legislation to date. The knowledge benefit of this research consists in the realization of the research intentions formulated and the practical applicability of the results.

scholarly journals Characterization of dissolved organic matter at a water treatment plant with closed systems in different seasons

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2013-2020
Author(s):  
Hudori Hudori ◽  
Toshiro Yamada ◽  
Yukitaka Suzuki ◽  
Maulana Yusup Rosadi ◽  
Hiroto Tamaoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Closed Systems

Abstract This research focuses on characterizing the dissolved organic matter found at water treatment plants with closed systems. Recycled water generated as a by-product of water treatment is added to raw water in those systems. The dissolved organic matter in the raw water was found to be higher in summer than in winter, but the water treatment process was able to produce purified water of the similar quality in both seasons. The recycled water contained mostly low molecular weight and protein-like substances, and this composition was different from that of the raw water, which mainly contained humic-like substances. The recycled water did not influence the concentration of humic-like substances or the molecular weight distribution in the influent water.

scholarly journals Does the recycling of waste streams from drinking water treatment plants worsen the quality of finished water? A case assessment in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-605
Author(s):  
Zhiquan Liu ◽  
Yongpeng Xu ◽  
Xuewei Yang ◽  
Rui Huang ◽  
Qihao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Filter Backwash Water

The overall purpose was to assess the feasibilities of recycling filter backwash water (FBWW) and combined filter backwash water (CFBWW) in a drinking water treatment plant in south China. The variations of regular water-quality indexes, metal indexes (Al, Mn and Cd), polyacrylamide and disinfection by-product indexes (trihalomethanes and their formation potentials) along with the treatment and the recycling processes were monitored. Results showed the recycling procedure caused increases of turbidity, total solids, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), permanganate index (CODMn), and dissolved organic carbon, Al, Mn and Cd concentrations in a mixture of raw water and FBWW or CFBWW compared to those in raw water. However, the recycling procedure had negligible impacts on the qualities of settled water and filtered water because most of the contaminants could be effectively removed by the conventional water treatment process. Although recycling did cause slight increases of NH3-N and CODMn levels in settled water and filtered water, the quality of finished water always conformed to Chinese standards for drinking water quality according to the surveyed indexes in the present study. Thus, it is appropriate to recycle waste streams in water-stressed areas if the source water is well managed and the water treatment processes are carefully conducted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality and the Efficiency of Ifraz-2 Water treatment plant-Units

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Imad Ali Omar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Filtration Unit

Abstract: Water treatment plant (WTP) is essential for providing clean and safe water to the habitants. There is a necessity to evaluate the performance of (WTP) for proper treatment of raw water. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the quality of treated water by investigating the performance of Ifraz-2 (WTP) units located in Erbil City, Iraq. For assessment of the (WTP) units, samples were taken for a duration of five months from different locations: raw water (the source), post-clarification processes, post-filtration processes, and from the storage tank. Removal efficiencies for the units, and for the whole (WTP) were calculated and presented. Obtained removal efficiencies for the sedimentation unit; filtration unit; and the entire Ifraz-2 (WTP) were 91.51 %, 64.71 %, and 97.29 %, respectively. After the process of disinfection and storage, the valued of the turbidity of the treated water were ranged from 1.2 to 9.7 (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) NTU. Besides, water quality index (WQI) for the (WTP) was studied and calculated for 14 physicochemical water quality parameters. WQI for Ifraz-2 (WTP) was 51.87 and it is regarded as a good level. Also, operational problems have been detected and reported during the research period, especially during sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Suitable solutions have been reported to the operational team.

scholarly journals Energy and Chemicals Consumption Evaluation in Water Treatment Plant. A comparative study between Bacau and Turin

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-886
Author(s):  
Florina Fabian ◽  
Valentin Nedeff ◽  
Narcis Birsan ◽  
Emilian Mosnegutu
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Water Treatment Process

The total energy demand of water treatment plant Bacau (WTP Bacau) was evaluated at 239.94 MW h/y, in case of SMAT (Turin-Iataly) total energy demand of the plant was evaluated at 2.235,454.9 MW h/y, and 6,9 % is for WT. Chemicals consumption, is relative and depends on raw water turbidity at WTP Bacau, during the winter period raw water is very clean and requires only a simple chlorination, on the other hand at SMAT chemicals consumption, is 5.325 t/y and 8.8% is used for water treatment process.

scholarly journals MENENTUKAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PDAM PAYAKUMBUH SETELAH PEMBANGUNAN WATER TREATMENT PLANT BATANG AGAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Harfa Sakri ◽  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Bambang Istijono
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Quality Attribute ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Analysis Method

The aim of this research was to measure the level of customer satisfaction with the services of Payakumbuh PDAM after the construction of the Batang Agam Water Treatment Plant as one source of raw water. The result of this research explain that service of Payakumbuh PDAM after construction of Batang Agam Water Treatment Plant which analyzed using the Importance Performance Analysis method. There are 7 question attributes that become measurement points. In the first and second questions attribute about the smooth running of water at the peak hours of morning and evening whose value was in quadrant A where Payakumbuh PDAM should make an effort to improve customer satisfaction which means that these quality attributes need to be improved and improved continuously so that the quality attribute performance regarding smoothness at the peak hours in this quadrant increases and customer satisfaction can be achieved. Besides that, the attributes about water clarity, colorless water, tastes fresh, odorless water and normal temperature have reached quadrant B or known achievement priority. This position shows the quality of raw water product from Batang Agam Water Treatment Plant has been successfully carried out by Payakumbuh PDAM, so that, it must be maintained.

Socio-economic activities around Alau Dam and the quality of raw water supply to Maiduguri Treatment Plant, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Dammo ◽  
A. Y. Sangodoyin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Impact

Water quality and supply are central to the socio-economic development of any nation. Scarcity of potable water results in the construction of dams and water treatment plants. Unfortunately, provision of potable water through improvement and treatment may prove to be difficult because of the socio-economic activities around a dam. This study is aimed at assessing the socio-economic activities around the Alau Dam Maiduguri, and how they affect the quality of raw water supply to Maiduguri Water Treatment Plant. The data was generated through the administration of questionnaires, and by interview and water quality analysis of dam and irrigation sites. The samples were subjected to physical, chemical and biological analysis to assess the impact of socio economic activities on the dam water, and its suitabilityfor drinking and agricultural uses. Findings reveal pollution with high concentration of nitrate (260–230 mg-NO3/l), phosphate (22–28 mg/l) and Escherichia coli (13–24 n/100 mg). This arose from improper sanitary management, inadequate public education on irrigation,indiscriminate waste disposaland some farming practices. Regular monitoring of socio-economic activities around the dam, and doing away with unhealthy waste disposal practices are recommended to safeguard the raw water supply to the treatment plant.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI MEDIA FILTER PADA INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR BERSIH DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL IZZAH KM 15 BALIKPAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Marita Wulandari ◽  
Rahmania Rahmania ◽  
Nia Febrianti
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Iron And Manganese

ABSTRAKSalah satu unsur utama dalam kehidupan adalah air. Balikpapan memiliki sumber air baku yang berasal dari waduk untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih warga Kota Balikpapan. Namun masih banyak warga yang menggunakan air sumur.  Air sumur yang digunakan masyarakat masih berwarna coklat dan agak kekuning-kuningan yang diakibatkan konsentrasi besi dan mangan yang tinggi. Salah satu yang masih menggunakan air sumur bor ini ialah tempat penyedia pendidikan yaitu di Pondok Pesantren  Al- Izzah yang terletak di Jalan Sei Wein KM 15 Kelurahan Karang Joang Kecamatan Balikpapan Utara. Salah satu bentuk pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah melakukan optimalisasi instalasi pengolahan air bersih yang terdapat di Pondok Pesantren Al- Izzah, agar proses pengolahan air bersih menjadi optimal dan air bersih yang dihasilkan dapat sesuai standar dengan cara mengganti media filter yang ada pada bak filtrasi dengan menggunakan media filter karbon aktif, pasir silika, ijuk, dan kerikil. Berikut prodesur kerja pembuatan instalasi pengolahan air bersih, survei dan peninjauan untuk menentukan media filter berdasarkan karakteristik air baku, persiapan media filter, pembersihan bak filtrasi, pengisian media filter, dan tahapan yang terakhir ialah pengujian kualitas air sebelum dan sesudah media filter diganti. Hasil yang didapat setelah media filter di ganti dan dioptimalkan ialah bahwa efisiensi  penyisihan kekeruhan sebesar 99,86 %. Efisiensi penyisihan TDS sebesar 55,83 %. Penurunan konsentrasi besi dan mangan masing masing sebesar 99,37 % dan 87, 44 %.  Kata kunci: air bersih; media filter; besi dan mangan; kekeruhan ABSTRACTOne of the important thing in human life is water. To provide the the need of water in Balikpapan, Balikpapan has a sorce of raw water was come from reservoar . However, many residents still use well water. The well water used by the community is still brown and slightly yellowish due to the high concentration of iron and manganese. Al-Izzah Islamic Boarding School which is located on Jalan Sei Wein KM 15, Karang Joang Village, North Balikpapan District has a problem with water. The student, teacher, and some people in there used well water.  This community service was optimizing the clean water treatment installation at the Al-Izzah Islamic Boarding School, so that the clean water treatment process can be optimal and the clean water produced can be up to standard by replacing the existing filter media in the filtration tub using media activated carbon filter, silica sand, palm fiber, and gravel. The following was a work process for making a clean water treatment plant, a survey and a review to determine the filter media based on the characteristics of raw water, preparation of filter media, cleaning the filtration tub, filling the filter media, and the last step is testing the water quality before and after the filter media is replaced. The results obtained after the filter media were replaced and optimized was that the turbidity removal efficiency was 99.86%. TDS removal efficiency of 55.83%. The decrease in iron and manganese concentrations was 99.37% and 87.44%, respectively. Keywords: clean water; filter media; iron and manganese; turbidity

Monitoring of iodine species during water purification at a public water treatment plant in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 580-587
Author(s):  
Sho Nishida ◽  
Maki Asami ◽  
Naoya Ohata ◽  
Jun Horigome ◽  
Naoki Furuta
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Iodine Species ◽  
Water Treatment Process

Abstract Iodine is an essential element for humans; however, it can be toxic depending on its chemical form. A variety of toxic and non-toxic iodine species have been identified in environmental water and in the drinking water produced by public water treatment plants. Here, we examined the change of iodine species during the water treatment process at a public water treatment plant in Japan. Samples of raw water and of treated water immediately after each of eight treatment stages comprising the treatment process were collected, and a speciation analysis was conducted by means of ion chromatography– and size-exclusion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In the raw water, iodine was found mainly as iodide or iodinated humic substances that were ultimately oxidized and transformed into iodate, a form non-toxic to humans, by two independent oxidation stages in the water treatment process – ozone treatment and chlorine treatment. No disinfection byproducts were detected at any stage of the treatment process. Fluorescence spectrometry with multivariate analysis revealed that humic substances were markedly decreased by ozone treatment, but not by chlorine treatment. The present results show that, at the plant-scale, ozone treatment is an effective means of removing toxic iodine species from raw water.

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