scholarly journals Spatiotemporal variations of multi-scale drought in Shandong Province from 1961 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Yao ◽  
Qiang Zhao ◽  
Xin-ying Li ◽  
Zhen-tao Shen ◽  
Peng-yu Ran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shandong Province ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Water Resource System ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Indices ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Annual Scale

Abstract Drought has caused serious damage to the water resource system and agricultural production in Shandong Province, China. This study calculated the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) based on the monthly precipitation and average temperature data of 25 meteorological stations in Shandong Province from 1961 to 2017. The trend analysis method and ArcGIS software were utilized to analyze the multi-scale (SPEI-1, SPEI-3, and SPEI-12) spatiotemporal changes of drought. The results revealed that (1) The intensity of drought showed an increasing trend in Shandong Province from 1961 to 2017; (2) The main periods of the drought on the seasonal scale (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) and annual scale were 8 years, 4 years, 15 years, 4 years, and 4 years, respectively; (3) Of the four seasons, the frequency of drought in autumn and winter were the highest. At the annual scale, the high-frequency drought areas were mainly concentrated in the southern mountainous regions; (4) In terms of the spatial change trend of drought, Shandong Province as a whole displayed a trend of becoming wet in the central and southwest regions and dry in the eastern region; and (5) Droughts were discovered to be simultaneously influenced by multiple atmospheric circulation indices in Shandong Province.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Precipitation in Yungui Plateau during 1961-2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Wu Jianfeng ◽  
Yu Luqin ◽  
Cao Guangjie ◽  
Li Wei
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Daily Precipitation Data ◽  
Distribution Point ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Spatial Analysis Method

In this paper, the daily precipitation data of 19 meteorological stations in Guizhou Province from 1961 to 2015 are used. Using GIS spatial analysis method and linear trend analysis method, the distribution characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation in Guizhou province were analyzed from space and time. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of spatial distribution, annual precipitation is generally less in the south and north and less in the east and west. The precipitation in winter and spring is east-west distribution and decreases from east to west in the four seasons. The precipitation in summer is roughly north-south and south-north less. The precipitation in autumn is mainly concentrated in southwest Guizhou and Chishui valley. (2) From the time distribution point of view, the precipitation in Guizhou Province showed a general downward trend, of which the precipitation in spring, autumn and winter showed a decreasing trend, the downward trend in autumn was more obvious, and the precipitation in summer increased but not obviously.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and variables associated with seropositivity in donkeys in eastern China

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Feng Meng ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Gui-Zhe Yao ◽  
Yang Zou ◽  
Wei Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
And Control

Donkeys (Equus asinus) are widely distributed throughout China; they are used for their meat, as food, and certain donkey-derived items are also important for traditional Chinese medicinal purposes. However, only limited information is available on Toxoplasma gondii infection in donkeys in China, especially the eastern region, which is one of the largest production areas. Thus, the present study was conducted to detect specific anti-T. gondii antibodies using a commercially available indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) kit and to evaluate the risk factors that are associated with seroprevalence in the Shandong province of eastern China. A total of 213/1278 (17%) donkeys tested from Shandong province were positive for T. gondii antibodies. Statistical analysis revealed that gender and feeding habits of the animal are associated with T. gondii infection. These results provide information for the prevention and control of toxoplasmosis in donkeys, other animals, and humans in this region and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Assessment of IMERG-V06 Precipitation Product over Different Hydro-Climatic Regimes in the Tianshan Mountains, North-Western China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjum ◽  
Ahmad ◽  
Ding ◽  
Shangguan ◽  
Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Western China ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Measurement ◽  
Global Precipitation Measurement ◽  
Global Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Events

This study presents an assessment of the version-6 (V06) of the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) product from June 2014 to December 2017 over different hydro-climatic regimes in the Tianshan Mountains. The performance of IMERG-V06 was compared with IMERG-V05 and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42V7 precipitation products. The precipitation products were assessed against gauge-based daily and monthly precipitation observations over the entire spatial domain and five hydro-climatologically distinct sub-regions. Results showed that: (1) The spatiotemporal variability of average daily precipitation over the study domain was well represented by all products. (2) All products showed better correlations with the monthly gauge-based observations than the daily data. Compared to 3B42V7, both IMERG products presented a better agreement with gauge-based observations. (3) The estimation skills of all precipitation products showed significant spatial variations. Overall performance of all precipitation products was better in the Eastern region compared to the Middle and Western regions. (4) Satellite products were able to detect tiny precipitation events, but they were uncertain in capturing light and moderate precipitation events. (5) No significant improvements in the precipitation estimation skill of IMERG-V06 were found as compared to IMERG-V05. We deduce that the IMERG-V06 precipitation detection capability could not outperform the efficiency of IMERG-V05. This comparative evaluation of the research products of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) and TRMM products in the Tianshan Mountains is useful for data users and algorithm developers.

scholarly journals A Sediment Diagenesis Model of Seasonal Nitrate and Ammonium Flux Spatial Variation Contributing to Eutrophication at Taihu, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Sarpong ◽  
Yiping Li ◽  
Eyram Norgbey ◽  
Amechi S. Nwankwegu ◽  
Yue Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Sediment Diagenesis ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Algal blooms have thrived on the third-largest shallow lake in China, Taihu over the past decade. Due to the recycling of nutrients such as nitrate and ammonium, this problem has been difficult to eradicate. Sediment flux, a product of diagenesis, explains the recycling of nutrients. The objective was to simulate the seasonal spatial variations of nitrate and ammonium flux. In this paper, sediment diagenesis modeling was applied to Taihu with Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC). Latin hypercube sampling was used to create an input file from twelve (12) nitrogen related parameters of sediment diagenesis and incorporated into the EFDC. The results were analyzed under four seasons: summer, autumn, winter, and spring. The concentration of NH4–N in the sediment–water column increased from 2.744903 to 22.38613 (g/m3). In summer, there was an accumulation of ammonium in the water column. In autumn and winter, the sediment was progressively oxidized. In spring, low-oxygen conditions intensify denitrification. This allows algal blooms to continue to thrive, creating a threat to water quality sustainability. The sediment diagenesis model, coupled with water quality measured data, showed an average relative error for Total Nitrogen (TN) of 38.137%, making the model suitable. Future studies should simulate phosphate flux and measure sediment fluxes on the lake.

scholarly journals Correction of Global Precipitation Products for Orographic Effects

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Adam ◽  
Elizabeth A. Clark ◽  
Dennis P. Lettenmaier ◽  
Eric F. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Cautionary Note ◽  
Orographic Effects ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Streamflow Data ◽  
Water Balances ◽  
Global Precipitation ◽  
Mountainous River

Abstract Underestimation of precipitation in topographically complex regions plagues most gauge-based gridded precipitation datasets. Gauge locations are usually in or near population centers, which tend to lie at low elevations relative to the surrounding terrain. For hydrologic modeling purposes, the resulting bias can result in serious underprediction of observed flows. A hydrologic water balance approach to develop a globally consistent correction for the underestimation of gridded precipitation in mountainous regions is described. The adjustment is based on a combination of the catchment water balances and variations of the Budyko E/P versus/P curve. The method overlays streamflow measurements onto watershed boundaries and then performs watershed water balances to determine “true” precipitation. Rather than relying on a modeled runoff ratio, evaporation is estimated using the Budyko curves. The average correction ratios for each of 357 mountainous river basins worldwide are spatially distributed across the basins and are then interpolated to ungauged areas. Following application of adjustments for precipitation catch deficiencies, the correction ratios are used to scale monthly precipitation from an existing monthly global dataset (1979–99, 0.5° resolution). The correction for orographic effects resulted in a net increase in global terrestrial precipitation of 6.2% (20.2% in orographically influenced regions only) for the 1979–99 climatology. The approach developed here is applicable to any precipitation dataset in regions where good streamflow data exist. As a cautionary note, the correction factors are dataset dependent, and therefore the adjustments are strictly applicable only to the data from which they were derived.

scholarly journals Seasonal variability of the composition and structure of parasite communities of red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (Perciformes: Sparidae) off Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Soares ◽  
J. L. Luque
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Pagrus Pagrus ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Abstract A study of seasonal variation of metazoan parasite community of Pagrus pagrus was conducted between January and December 2012. Two hundred forty specimens of Pagrus pagrus were collected in four seasons (autumn and winter in dry season and spring and summer in rainy season) from off the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Twenty one species of metazoan parasites were found, with larvae of Hysterothylacium sp. being the dominant species. The highest values of prevalence and abundance was during the rainy season with peak prevalence of monogeneans and nematodes, period of action of the South Atlantic Central Waters (SACW) and reproductive activity of the host, suggesting that the sasonal variation in the parasites community was influenced for these phenomena.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF CROSS-SHORE PROFILE EVOLUTION OF A SAND AND A COMPOSITE SAND-GRAVEL BEACHES

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Harshinie Karunarathna ◽  
Jose Horrillo-Caraballo ◽  
Roshanka Ranasinghe ◽  
Andrew Short ◽  
Dominic Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Eof Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Concept ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Differential Behavior ◽  
Equilibrium Profile ◽  
Annual Scale ◽  
Morphodynamic Evolution

In this paper, cross-shore morphodynamic evolution of a sand and sand-gravel composite beach, are compared and contrasted used historic surveys of beach profiles. The differential behavior of cross-shore morphodynamics at a range of time scales covering event-scale dynamics up to intra-annual scale variability are investigated and discussed. The application of equilibrium concept to both beach types is explored through Dean’s equilibrium profile and Vellinga’s beach erosion profile. Variability of cross-shore profile dynamics are quantified and discussed through bulk statistical analysis. Multi-scale morphodynamic trends are determined using Empirical Orthogonal Eigenfunction (EOF) analysis. The above analysis enables to recognise failure mechanism of each beach type during a storm.

scholarly journals Size Distribution, Seasonal Variations and Sources of Carbonaceous Aerosol in a Typical Industrial City Nanjing in Yangtze River Delta, China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei Wang ◽  
Junlin An ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Lijuan Shen ◽  
Qing Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Autumn And Winter

In order to investigate the size distributions and seasonal variations of carbonaceous aerosols (OC and EC), the carbonaceous species were collected and then analyzed by using a 9-stage Anderson-type aerosol sampler and DRI Model 2001A Thermal/Optical Carbon Analyzer on the typical industrial city Nanjing in Yangtze River Delta, China in the summer, autumn and winter of 2013 and spring of 2014. OC, EC, SOC and POC exhibited obvious seasonal variations, with the highest level in winter (39.1±14.0, 5.7±2.1, 23.6±11.7 and 14.1±5.7 μg•m-3) and the lowest level in summer (20.6±6.7, 3.3±2.0, 12.2±3.8 and 8.4±4.1 μg•m-3), and were mainly centralized in PM1.1 in four seasons. The concentrations of OC in PM1.1 varied in the order of winter > autumn > spring > summer, while EC ranked in the order of autumn > winter > summer > spring. In the PM1.1-2.1 and PM2.1-10, the concentrations of OC and EC decreased in the sequence of winter > spring > autumn > summer. The size spectra of OC, EC and SOC had bimodal distributions in four seasons, except for EC with four peaks in summer. The size spectra of POC varied greatly with seasons, exhibiting bimodal distribution in winter, trimodal distribution in spring and summer, and four peaks in autumn. The OC/EC ratios were 7.0, 6.3, 7.6 and 6.9 in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively, which demonstrated the abundance of secondary organic aerosols in Nanjing. The sources of carbonaceous aerosol varied significantly with seasons, and were dominated by vehicle exhaust, coal and biomass burning in PM2.1, and dominant by dust, coal and biomass burning in PM2.1-10.

scholarly journals The Precipitation Variations in the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau during 1961-2015

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoning Wan ◽  
Meixue Yang ◽  
Zhaochen Liu ◽  
Xuejia Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Liang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Winter Half ◽  
Summer Half ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The Tibetan Plateau(TP) is known as ‘the water tower of Asian’, its precipitation variation play an important role in the eco-hydrological processes and water resources regimes. based on the monthly mean precipitation data of 65 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding areas from 1961-2015,variations, trends and temporal-spatial distribution were analyzed, furthermore, the possible reasons were also discussed preliminarily. The main results are summarized as follows: the annual mean precipitation in the TP is 465.54mm during 1961-2015, among four seasons, the precipitation in summer accounts for 60.1% of the annual precipitation, the precipitation in summer half year (May.- Oct.) accounts for 91.0% while that in winter half year (Nov.- Apr.) only accounts for 9.0%; During 1961-2015, the annual precipitation variability is 0.45mm/a and the seasonal precipitation variability is 0.31mm/a, 0.13mm/a, -0.04mm/a and 0.04mm/a in spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively on the TP; The spatial distribution of precipitation can be summarized as decreasing from southeast to northwest in the TP, the trend of precipitation is decreasing with the increase of altitude, but the correlation is not significant. The rising of air temperature and land cover changes may cause the precipitation by changing the hydrologic cycle and energy budget, furthermore, different pattern of atmospheric circulation can also influence on precipitation variability in different regions.

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