Comparison of Two Methods for the Recovery of Rotavirus from Mussels and Oysters

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Boher ◽  
C. Beril ◽  
D. Terver ◽  
L. Schwartzbrod
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Borate Buffer ◽  
Cover Slip ◽  
Beef Extract ◽  
Second Procedure ◽  
Virus Recovery ◽  
Concentration Methods ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Two extraction-concentration methods for recovering rotavirus from mussels and oysters are compared. Molluscs are artificially contaminated by a one hour stay in seawater seeded with rotavirus SA 11. Results show that the first procedure using a glycine-NaCl pH 10 solution and an organic flocculation gives quite similar virus recovery from mussels and oysters, whatever the quantities of rotavirus in seawater are. The second procedure using a borate buffer - 3 % beef extract pH 9 and a double precipitation with Polyethylene glycol 6000 leads in most cases to a more efficient virus recovery, based on immunofluorescent foci counts on cover slip cultures of MA 104.

Hepatitis a Virus Concentration from Experimentally Contaminated Distilled, Tap, Waste and Seawater

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangélos Biziagos ◽  
Jacques Passagot ◽  
Jean-Marc Crance ◽  
Robert Deloince
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Virus Concentration ◽  
Beef Extract ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

The concentration of cell-culture-adapted hepatitis A virus (HAV) from experimentally contaminated distilled, drinking, waste and seawater was performed by using a filter adsorption-elu-tion method in the following conditions: HAV seeded in water was adsorbed at pH 4.0 to two nitrocellulose membranes (1.2 and 0.45 µm porosity for distilled and tap water or 8.0 and 3.0 µm porosity for waste and seawater), then eluted by 3% beef-extract at pH 8.5 and further concentrated by polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation. Thus, HAV in 5 to 50 liters of seeded waters was concentrated approximately 1,700 to 17,000 fold with greater than 70% recovery of the initial virus added to the samples.

Comparison of Three Methods for the Concentration of Poliovirus from Moroccan Shellfish

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOURREDINE BOUCHRITI ◽  
SAGAR M. GOYAL ◽  
ABDELHAK El MARRAKCHI ◽  
MOHAMMED JELLAL
Keyword(s):  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Acid Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Ruditapes Decussatus ◽  
Beef Extract ◽  
Dry Milk ◽  
Virus Recovery

Three methods were evaluated for the concentration of poliovirus from artificially contaminated oysters (Crassostrea gigas), mussels (Mytilus edulis) and carpet-shell clams (Ruditapes decussatus) grown in Morocco. The methods tested were: an adsorption-elution-precipitation method, a beef extract elution acid-precipitation method, and a non-fat dry milk elution acid-precipitation method. For all shellfish species tested, the adsorption-elution-precipitation method yielded the lowest average virus recovery (27%), whereas the two elution-precipitation methods yielded average virus recoveries of 42% each. The beef extract elution acid-precipitation method yielded the highest virus recovery with clams (53%), whereas non-fat dry milk elution acid-precipitation was advantageous for mussels providing average virus recovery of 47%. For oysters, none of the tested methods gave satisfactory virus recovery. These results point towards the need for the development of better method(s) for the concentration of viruses from Moroccan oysters, while for mussels and clams, the elution-acid precipitation methods may be satisfactory.

A new automated turbidimetric immunoassay for quantifying alpha 1-antitrypsin in serum.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1020-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Viedma ◽  
A de la Iglesia ◽  
M Parera ◽  
M T López
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Analytical Recovery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000 ◽  
Immunoprecipitation Reaction ◽  
Turbidimetric Immunoassay

Abstract This rapid, sensitive equilibrium turbidimetric immunoassay for quantification of alpha 1-antitrypsin involves a monospecific antibody, polyethylene glycol 6000 to accelerate and enhance the immunoprecipitation reaction, and Tween 20 surfactant to decrease and stabilize the sample-blank values. Turbidity at 334 nm is measured by an automated discrete analyzer. Grossly lipemic, icteric, or hemolyzed samples can be assayed. Correlation with results by radial immunodiffusion (RID) was excellent (r = 0.97, n = 84). Analytical recovery averaged 97.7 (SD 2.9)%. Within-run CVs ranged from 1.6 to 1.9%, between-day CVs from 2.0 to 3.5%. Reference values for healthy adults (n = 147) were determined by parametric estimation (for an assumed normal distribution of untransformed data). The lower limit (g/L) with its 0.90 confidence interval is 1.23 (range 1.18-1.28), the upper limit is 2.15 (2.10-2.20), and the mean is 1.69 g/L.

Studies of Procedures for Recovery of Viruses from Activated Sludge

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuko Shimohara ◽  
Minoru Nashida ◽  
Mitsumi Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Extract Solution ◽  
Beef Extract ◽  
The Media ◽  
Virus Recovery

Several elution media were examined to evaluate their suitability for recovering seeded poliovirus 1 from return activated sludge. Although there were no distinct differences of virus recovery efficiency among the media tested, 3% beef extract solution at pH 9 seemed to be the most practical eluent for the recovery of the viruses adsorbed from the sludge with an average recovery efficiency of 21%, with a range of 6.1 to 34%. The organic flocculation procedure using beef extract was applied to concentrate the eluted viruses. Its effect depended on the type of eluate, and viruses were not always concentrated well.

Modified Procedure for Extraction of Poliovirus from Naturally-Infected Oysters Using Cat-Floc and Beef Extract

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD F. LANDRY ◽  
JAMES M. VAUGHN ◽  
THOMAS J. VICALE
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Acid Precipitation ◽  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Precipitation Technique ◽  
Beef Extract ◽  
Virus Recovery

Methods for recovery of poliovirus type 1 (LSc2ab) from naturally-infected oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were examined. Extraction procedures analyzed included glycine-saline and polyelectrolyte (Cat-Floc) methods followed by concentration using modifications of an acid precipitation technique, Direct viral assay of shellfish homogenates, when compared to virus recovery following extraction, indicated that substantially fewer viruses were detected in initial homogenates. These data appeared to support the contention that input values based on homogenate assay were inappropriate in determining recovery efficiencies with naturally-infected shellfish. Since absolute efficiencies could not be determined, relative efficiencies using samples from pooled homogenates were used to determine the recovery efficiencies of various extraction procedures. Cat-Floc extraction followed by a beef extract-modified acid precipitation technique resulted in higher virus recoveries than a glycine-saline extraction procedure.

N-Ethylmaleimide-modified actin filaments do not bundle in the presence of α-actinin

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Milzani ◽  
Isabella DalleDonne ◽  
Roberto Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Actin Assembly ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Spatial Reorganization ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

We show that the modification of actin subdomain 1 by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), which binds Cys-374 close to the C-terminus of the molecule, inhibits the α-actinin-induced bundling of actin filaments. This effect is not merely related to the block of Cys-374, since N-(1-pyrenyl)iodoacetamide (pyrene-IA) is unable to prevent bundling. Considering that NEM (but not pyrene-IA) influences actin assembly, we suggest that the inhibition of the actin – α-actinin interaction is due to the chemical modification of actin Cys-374 which, by inducing a marked spatial reorganization of actin monomers, is able to modify both the intra- and inter-molecular interactions of this protein. Finally, NEM-modified actin filaments form bundles in the presence of polyethylene glycol 6000 since, in this case, the side by side association of actin filaments does not depend on the accessibility of binding sites nor on the formation of chemical bonds.Key words: chemically modified actin, N-ethylmaleimide, pyrene-IA, Cys-374, actin bundles, α-actinin.

scholarly journals Rapid Assay of Trace Immunoglobulin M by a New Immunonanogold Resonance Scattering Spectral Probe

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiliang Jiang ◽  
Lili Wei ◽  
Mingjing Zou ◽  
Aihui Liang ◽  
Mianwu Meng
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Resonance Scattering ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Rapid Assay ◽  
Lower Detection Limit ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Nanogold, 8 nm in size, was used to label goat antihuman immunoglobulin M (GIgM) to obtain a new immunonanogold resonance scattering (RS) probe (Au-GIgG) for quantitation of trace immunoglobulin M (IgM). The Au-GIgG combined with IgM to form nanogold-labeled immunocomplex causes the RS intensity at 580 nm to be enhanced, in pH 4.49 KH2PO 4-Na2HPO4 buffer and in the presence of polyethylene glycol 6000. The enhanced RS intensity at 580 nm (ΔI580 nm) is proportional to the IgM concentration in the range of 1.5 to 2000 ng/mL, with a lower detection limit of 0.98 ng/mL. The immunonanogold RS assay was used to assay IgM in serum samples, with sensitivity, selectivity, and simplicity. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2008:302-308)

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