scholarly journals Uncertainty and precaution in European environmental risk assessment of chemicals

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A.M. Verdonck ◽  
P.A. Van Sprang ◽  
P.A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Qualitative Uncertainty ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Uncertainty Information ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

It is recognised that there is a need for a proper treatment and transparency of uncertainty in risk assessment and management, especially in view of the upcoming proposed new chemical policy REACH, which delegates the responsibility for conducting risk assessments to industry. The current EU risk assessment for new and existing substances is largely deterministic and prudential measures are implicitly embedded in calculation schemes and rules. In this paper, a more probabilistic approach to risk assessment is advocated. The advantage is twofold: 1) inherent variability and other uncertainty pertaining to exposure and effects are transparently taken into account, while at the same time 2) issues of caution are explicitly transferred to the risk management phase. The result of a probabilistic risk assessment as suggested is improved transparency with quantitative and qualitative uncertainty estimates. Such uncertainty information can be used to discuss precautionary measures in the context of risk management.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Based Commercial Risk Management Framework for SMEs

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4501
Author(s):  
Gerda Žigienė ◽  
Egidijus Rybakovas ◽  
Robertas Alzbutas
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Risk Management Framework ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Risk management in commercial processes is among the most important procedures affecting the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), their innovativeness and potential contribution to global sustainable development goals (SDGs). The ecosystem of commercial processes is the prerequisite to manage risk faced by SMEs. Commercial risk assessment and management using elements of artificial intelligence, big data, and machine learning technologies could be developed and maintained as external services for a group of SMEs allowing to share costs and benefits. This paper aims to provide a conceptual framework of commercial risk assessment and management solution based on elements of artificial intelligence. This conceptualization is done on the background of scientific literature, policy documents, and risk management standards. Main building blocks of the framework in terms of commercial risk categories, data sources and workflow phases are presented in the article. Business companies, state policy, and academic research focused recommendations on the further development of the framework and its implementation are elaborated.

Principles of risk assessment and risk management

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Smedley ◽  
Finlay Dick ◽  
Steven Sadhra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management ◽  
P Sources

Introduction and terminology 416Conceptual model 417General principles 418Sources of scientific evidence and uncertainty 420Risk communication and perception 421Decisions in OH often entail a choice between two or more options, the comparative merits of which are not immediately obvious. The decision may be for an individual (e.g. whether to ground a pilot because of a health problem), for the whole of a workforce (e.g. whether to immunize HCWs against smallpox), or at a societal level (e.g. whether to permit the use of a pesticide). Risk management is the process by which decisions of this sort are made, following an assessment of the risks and benefits associated with each option. Depending on the nature of the decision, the process of risk assessment and management may be more or less formalized....

Current needs in environmental risk management

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
S E Hrudey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Public Expectations ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Uncertainty Analyses ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Risk assessment and management have become central to many health and environmental issues in recent years. Despite high expectations for the applications of science to identify and manage risks, many of these issues remain controversial. Some of the foundations of risk assessment and management are explored and needs for improvement are identified. Inputs from models, data, and uncertainty analyses are reviewed and goals for risk assessment, management, and communication are considered. Ultimately a better understanding of the strengths and limitations of these processes, primarily by the specialists and decision makers, is a prerequisite to more effective involvement of affected stakeholders in risk management. Unless some better basic understanding is achieved, public expectations and demands for risk management are likely to remain unachievable.

scholarly journals The Next Generation of Risk Assessment and Management: Introducing the eHARM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn Mullally ◽  
Mini Mamak ◽  
Gary A Chaimowitz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Personalized Care ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Prediction Risk ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Big data and analytics are rapidly changing health care and enabling a degree of measurement and quality improvement not previously seen. For a variety of reasons including the limited number of quality indicators in mental health care, psychiatry has been late to the game. Use of technology to measure, monitor, and assess risk and change, would have a significant impact for key stakeholders including patients, care providers, and the community. Analytics offer an opportunity to increase our understanding of the psychiatric populations, target effective programs and interventions, and direct more personalized care at the critical intersection of risk assessment and prediction – risk management. The electronic Hamilton Anatomy of Risk Management (eHARM) aims to harness the capabilities afforded by data analytics to enhance the assessment, monitoring, and management of risk at the clinical interface.

Problems of tax risk assessment and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 972-986
Author(s):  
Ol'ga V. MANDROSHCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Schematic Representation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Risk Monitoring ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Subject. The article addresses the issues of analysis and management of tax risks. Objectives. The purpose is to show the significance of certain methods for tax risk assessment, identify problems in tax risk management, propose measures to improve the management process. Methods. The study employs methods of induction, deduction, structural analysis, synthesis, comparison, schematic representation of relationships, statistical and economic, computational and constructive techniques. Results. The paper reveals that tax budgets are often non-realistic. There are no methods for qualitative and quantitative assessment of tax risks, regulatory support in the field of tax risk monitoring. Conclusions. The described stages of government’s tax risk management are interconnected. It is important to apply modern methods in tax budget preparation, to develop methods for quantitative and qualitative assessment of tax risks, to strengthen the monitoring of tax risks through designing an algorithm of its implementation.

Application of the Risk Theory to Management Reliability of the Pipeline

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila Muravyeva ◽  
Nikolai Vatin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Chemical State ◽  
Risk Theory ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Failure Intensity ◽  
Pressurized Pipelines

The leak less distant transportation of large amounts of hazardous matters (for example natural gas) through a pressurized pipelines is a serious challenge. The pipeline should be able to withstand the full range of ambient conditions as well as the Earth’s crust movements, varying soil chemical state at present and after months or years of exploitation. During the previous years the formal risk assessments were carried out on the base of the failure intensity. Since that time the procedure of the risk assessment has become more sophisticated. At present risk management is being more and more mandated by regulations.

scholarly journals Signs of Resistance? Swedish Probation Officers' Attitudes towards Risk Assessments

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Persson ◽  
Kerstin Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
What Works ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Probation Service ◽  
Organizational Logic ◽  
Risk Concept

The Swedish Prison and Probation Service has been influenced by the ‘What Works’ agenda since the late 1990's and an orientation towards risk and risk management has gradually become visible in the organization. But there is, within the probation service, a discrepancy between two types of logics — an organizational logic and a professional logic. Although guidelines prescribe the use of risk-assessment tools, they are in reality seldom used by practitioners. Through an examination of the reasons given by the probation officers who expressed doubts or concerns about the risk-concept, we question whether this could be seen as signs of resistance based on professional logic.

scholarly journals The risks of risk assessment

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Undrill
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
The Future

Risk assessment has become a large and anxiety-provoking part of the work of many psychiatrists. This article unpicks the different meanings of the word ‘risk’ to seek out the source of that anxiety, looking at both statistical and sociological ideas about risk. A risk assessment is often a subjective, plastic and context-dependent statement about a patient that carries strong moral overtones. Risk management is also highly anxiogenic for those charged with carrying it out, because uncertainty about the future is impossible to eliminate and the consequences of an adverse outcome in the patient may also carry hazards to the doctor making the risk assessment. This leads to behaviour change in people carrying out risk assessments as they attempt to minimise their anxiety in a rationally selfish way, often with unintended negative consequences for patients, doctors and health service providers generally. Some possible strategies for minimising this effect are considered.

Initiating and Managing Risk Assessments within a Risk Analysis Framework: FDA/CFSAN'S Practical Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2058-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT L. BUCHANAN ◽  
SHERRI DENNIS ◽  
MARIANNE MILIOTIS
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Managing Risk ◽  
Risk Managers ◽  
The U.S

Management of risk analysis involves the integration and coordination of activities associated with risk assessment, risk management, and risk communication. Risk analysis is used to guide regulatory decision making, including trade decisions at national and international levels. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) formed a working group to evaluate and improve the quality and consistency of major risk assessments conducted by the Center. Drawing on risk analysis experiences, CFSAN developed a practical framework for initiating and managing risk assessments, including addressing issues related to (i) commissioning a risk assessment, (ii) interactions between risk managers and risk assessors, and (iii) peer review.

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