Kinetics of growth and multi substrate degradation by an indigenous mixed microbial culture isolated from a wastewater treatment plant in Guwahati, India

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1101-1106
Author(s):  
Pichiah Saravanan ◽  
K. Pakshirajan ◽  
P. K. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mixed Microbial Culture ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Culture Growth

An indigenous mixed culture of microorganisms, isolated from a sewage treatment plant, was investigated for its potential to simultaneously degrade phenol and m-cresol during its growth in batch shake flasks. 22 full factorial designs with the two substrates as the factors, at two different levels and two different initial concentration ranges, were employed to carry out the biodegradation experiments. For complete utilisation of phenol and m-cresol, the culture took a minimum duration of 21 hrs at their low concentration of 100 mg/L each, and a maximum duration of 187 hrs at high concentration of 600 mg/L each in the multisubstrate system. The biodegradation results also showed that the presence of phenol in low concentration range (100–300 mg/L did not inhibit m-cresol biodegradation; on the other hand, presence of m-cresol inhibited phenol biodegradation by the culture. Moreover, irrespective of the concentrations used, phenol was degraded preferentially and earlier than m-cresol. During the culture growth, a lag phase was observed above a combined concentration of 500 mg/L i.e., 200 mg/L m-cresol and 300 mg/L of phenol and above). Statistical analysis of the specific growth rate of the culture in the multisubstrate system was also performed in the form of ANOVA and Student ‘t’ test, which gave good interpretation in terms of main and interaction effects of the substrates.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in activated sludge samples in Campinas, SP, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Urbano Santos ◽  
Taís Rondello Bonatti ◽  
Romeu Cantusio Neto ◽  
Regina Maura Bueno Franco
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Flotation Method ◽  
Giardia Cysts

Giardia and Cryptosporidium have caused several outbreaks of gastroenteritis in humans associated with drinking water. Contaminated sewage effluents are recognized as a potential source of waterborne protozoa. Due to the lack of studies about the occurrence of these parasites in sewage samples in Brazil, we compared the efficiency of two procedures for concentrating cysts and oocysts in activated sludge samples of one sewage treatment plant. For this, the samples were submitted to i) concentration by the ether clarification procedure (ECP) and to ii) purification by sucrose flotation method (SFM) and aliquots of the pellets were examined by immunofluorescence. Giardia cysts were present in all samples (100.0%; n = 8) when using ECP and kit 1 reagents, while kit 2 resulted in six positive samples (85.7%; n = 7). As for SFM, cysts were detected in 75.0% and 100.0% of these samples (for kit 1 and 2, respectively). Regarding Cryptosporidium, two samples (25.0%; kit 1 and 28.5% for kit 2) were detected positive by using ECP, while for SFM, only one sample (examined by kit 1) was positive (12.5%). The results of the control trial revealed Giardia and Cryptosporidium recovery efficiency rates for ECP of 54.5% and 9.6%, while SFM was 10.5% and 3.2%, respectively. Considering the high concentration detected, a previous evaluation of the activated sludge before its application in agriculture is recommended and with some improvement, ECP would be an appropriate simple technique for protozoa detection in sewage samples.

The Growth Performance of Duckweed and Removal Rate of Nitrate and Phosphorus in Sewages with Different Processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 854-860
Author(s):  
Qing Tao Zhang ◽  
Zhi Jian Zhang ◽  
Jiong Ma ◽  
Jiao Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Spirodela Polyrrhiza ◽  
Sedimentation Tank

The growth performance of duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza) and its removal rate of nitrate and phosphorus in sewages taken from sewage treatment plant with different processes were studied. The experiments were conducted in an environmentally controlled growth chamber. Three kinds of sewages were taken from a grit chamber, a sedimentation tank, and the anoxic pond in a sewage treatment plant, respectively. The fourth kind of sewage was mixed using the sedimentation tank sewage and the anoxic pond sewage in a volumetric ratio 1:1. The weight of duckweed biomass were determined with a balance. Wastewater samples taken from the media were analyzed for total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4N), total phosphorus (TP), phosphatephosphorus (PO4P) using AA3 Continous Flow Analyzer. The results showed that Spirodela polyrrhiza grew well in sewages taken from grit chamber and sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant, whereas a lot of duckweed fronds were dead in the sewage taken from the anoxic pond due to the high TP (higher than 7.9 mg/L) and TN (higher than 51.6 mg/L). The suitable TN concentration for Spirodela polyrrhiza growth should not be higher than 45 mg/L. Compared with the treatments without duckweed, the NH4N concentrations were reduced more than 60% in ST and GC sewages with duckweed due to the NH4N uptake by duckweed. Spirodela polyrrhiza could remove TN efficiently in sewages with relative low concentration TN (less than 20 mg/L), while duckweed could not remove TN effectively in sewages with high concentration TN (higher than 20 mg/L). The TN concentration in GC sewage decreased greatly in the first four days, which probably brought about anaerobic condition, thus P uptake switched to net release of P, which caused the increase of the TP concentration in the GC sewage without duckweed in the last six days. O2 or oxidant should be provided for sewage treatment system using duckweed to ensure that efficient removal of TN and TP meanwhile. The TP and PO4P concentrations in the mixed sewage with duckweed increased far more than those for no-duckweed treatments, which could be related that the dead duckweed released P into the sewage.

Study on Treatment of Wastewater with High-Concentration Sulfate by IC Anaerobic Reactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 649-652
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
De Chen Shan ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Wen Jia Yin
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Artificial Water

In this study, IC anaerobic reactor was made to deal with the wastewater with high-concentration sulfate, the sludge from sewage treatment plant was put into two cells of IC reactor to domesticate sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB), artificial water was made to simulate the wastewater with high-concentration SO42−. In order to remove the SO42− efficiently, two stages were designed in this study: sludge domestication stage and concentration strengthening stage. In sludge domestication stage, SRB could grow normally, the removal rate of SO42− was between 34.14% and 36.2%;in concentration strengthening stage, removal rate of SO42− was between 26% and 26.86%,demonstrating that SRB could grow and remove SO42− in such high-concentration SO42−( 38000 mg/L ) wastewater.

scholarly journals Microbial Fuel Cell with Ni–Co Cathode Powered with Yeast Wastewater

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Włodarczyk ◽  
Barbara Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Yeast Wastewater

Wastewater originating from the yeast industry is characterized by high concentration of pollutants that need to be reduced before the sludge can be applied, for instance, for fertilization of croplands. As a result of the special requirements associated with the characteristics of this production, huge amounts of wastewater are generated. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) forms a device that can apply wastewater as a fuel. MFC is capable of performing two functions at the same time: wastewater treatment and electricity production. The function of MFC is the production of electricity during bacterial digestion (wastewater treatment). This paper analyzes the possibility of applying yeast wastewater to play the function of a MFC (with Ni–Co cathode). The study was conducted on industrial wastewater from a sewage treatment plant in a factory that processes yeast sewage. The Ni–Co alloy was prepared by application of electrochemical method on a mesh electrode. The results demonstrated that the use of MFC coupled with a Ni–Co cathode led to a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 90% during a period that was similar to the time taken for reduction in COD in a reactor with aeration. The power obtained in the MFC was 6.1 mW, whereas the volume of energy obtained during the operation of the cell (20 days) was 1.27 Wh. Although these values are small, the study found that this process can offer an additional level of wastewater treatment as a huge amount of sewage is generated in the process. This would provide an initial reduction in COD (and save the energy needed to aerate wastewater) as well as offer the means to generate electricity.

The Study on Removal the PH3 in CO by Dephosphorization Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Deng ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Wen Wei
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Domestication Process ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

For finding microbes of degradation phosphine (PH3) in CO, a low concentration PH3 gas in CO was used to induce domestication the microorganism from anaerobic tank of sewage treatment plant. The influence of domestication process was researched in detail, and the microbial growth and performance of dephosphorization domesticated was inspected. The results shown that PH3 concentration, pH, and replaced water have a greatly influence for the process. A group dephosphorization bacterium which have a characteristic of fast growth and reproduction and degradation PH3 in CO to phosphate was acquired after domesticated the bacteria from anaerobic tank more than 11d. Appropriate conditions of dephosphorization bacteria to degradation PH3 are pH=4.5-5.5, 30°C. The phosphine conversion rate was 68.59% and 65.32% for 24h respectively to the concentration of 12 ppm or7ppm PH3 in CO and the 2/3 of products was phosphate primarily. But the aerobic tank bacteria cannot be domesticated.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF RAMADI SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT ON THE PHYTOPLANKTON AND SOME PHYSICO – CHEMICAL CHARACTERS IN EUPHRATES RIVER , IRAQ

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-682
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Euphrates River ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Physico Chemical

Four localities were selected in Euphrates River and Ramadi sewage treatment plant to collect water samples monthly during the period between October 2001 to July 2002 . Total cell count of phytoplankton and its physico- chemical concentrations were determined . The study aimed to demonstrate the effect of Ramadi sewage treatment plant on Euhprates River . It is concluded that the sewage had an dilution effect for the total hardness , total alkalinity , electrical conductivity and salinity of Euphrates River , but it is also caused in the presence of a contaminated area . This was cleared from the depletion of dissolved oxygen and high values of biological oxygen demand with lower valuse of pH in this area . The water of Euphrates River may classified as a hard water with high concentration of Ca and Mg. Bacillariophyceae(Diatoms) was dominated followed by chlorophyceae and cyanophyceae. The other classes were very spare and did not affect the total cell counts .

Potential Utilization of OECD 302 B Test in Biodegradability Assessment of Metalworking Fluids

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2256-2259
Author(s):  
Kristina Gerulova ◽  
Jozef Fiala ◽  
Zuzana Szabova ◽  
Eva Buranská ◽  
Petra Paulocikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Adsorption Rate ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
B Test

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the activated sludge from sewage treatment plant to degrade a part of the 12 randomly selected metalworking fluids (MWFs) according to OECD 302B (with different addition of activated sludge AS 0.25 g/l, 0.50 g/l and 1.00 g/l of suspended solids - SS). The degradability test showed that, after the first 3 hours of cultivating, adsorption grew with the increasing amount of inoculums. In the case of AS addition 1.00 g/l of SS were the adsorption rate lower than 20 % in four samples, in the case of AS addition 0.50 g/l of SS in 9 samples and in the case of AS addition 0.25 g/l of SS in all 12 tested samples. In four samples were also observed the lag phase (adaptation of the bacterias to the presented carbon source). If occur adsorption rate more than 20% it is probably impossible to distinguish biological degradation of organic matter from abiotic elimination from the suspension.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant from the University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), RS, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Düpont ◽  
Eduardo Alcayaga Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ceriodaphnia Dubia ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Treated Effluent

AIM: The main objective was to evaluate the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant (STP) of UNISC, through the ecotoxicological characterization and the analyses of the physical, chemical and microbiological variables from the raw and treated effluent. METHODS: Samples were collected during 2008 and 2009 for performing acute toxicity (Daphnia magna), chronic toxicity (Ceriodaphnia dubia), as well as the determination of environmental variables. RESULTS: The results indicated acute toxicity with an EC(I)50 48 hours average of 64.1 ± 9.9%, characterized as moderately toxic, and an average chronic toxicity CI(I)25 of 8,1 ± 2.6%, characterized as highly toxic. The total phosphorus (3.6 ± 1.4 mg L-1) and the ammonia nitrogen (77.8 ± 22.5 mg L-1) showed high concentration in the treated effluent, highlighting the STP inefficiency and, specially, the large amount of nutrients that the system is introducing into the receiving waterbody, the Lajeado Stream, condition that characterizes a large potential environmental impact known as eutrophication. The treated effluent showed high levels of thermotolerant coliforms, reaching an average of 6.4 × 10(5) ± 8.6 × 10(5) NMP 100 mL-1, corresponding to a potential pollution load of high impact in the receiving waterbody, characterizing therefore a public health problem. CONCLUSIONS: The Lajeado Stream has no supporting capacity for preventing acute and chronic effects on biota.

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