Adsorption behavior of activated carbon derived from pyrolusite-modified sewage sludge: equilibrium modeling, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Chen ◽  
Wenju Jiang ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Xiujuan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Standard Free Energy ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Activated carbon was developed from sewage sludge using pyrolusite as an additive. It was demonstrated that the removal efficiency of two synthetic dyes (Tracid orange GS and Direct fast turquoise blue GL) by the produced adsorbent was up to 97.6%. The activated carbon with pyrolusite addition had 38.2% higher surface area, 43.8% larger micropore and 54.4% larger mesopore production than ordinary sludge-based activated carbons. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics were also investigated based on dyes adsorption tests. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption, and the results fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm. The kinetic data have been analyzed using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion equation. The experimental data fitted very well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Activation energies for the adsorption processes ranged between 8.7 and 19.1 kJ mol−1. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG0), standard enthalpy (ΔH0) and standard entropy (ΔS0) were evaluated. The adsorption of these two dyes on the activated carbon was found to be a spontaneous and endothermic process in nature.

scholarly journals Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Developed from Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao) Shell - A Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S363-S371 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Theivarasu ◽  
S. Mylsamy
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The removal of malachite green (MG) by cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell activated carbon (CSAC) was investigated in present study. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process parameters such as initial pH, contact time, initial concentration and adsorbent dose. A comparison of kinetic models applied to the adsorption of MG on CSAC was evaluated for the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to correlate the experimental data well. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data was represented with Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Flory-Huggins isotherms. The experimental data obtained in the present study indicated that activated carbon developed from cocoa shell can be attractive options for dye removal from waste water.

Comparative studies on adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions by biosorbent, bio-char and activated carbon obtained from low cost agro-residue

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Çisem Kırbıyık ◽  
Ayşe Eren Pütün ◽  
Ersan Pütün
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, Fe(III) and Cr(III) metal ion adsorption processes were carried out with three adsorbents in batch experiments and their adsorption performance was compared. These adsorbents were sesame stalk without pretreatment, bio-char derived from thermal decomposition of biomass, and activated carbon which was obtained from chemical activation of biomass. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform–infrared techniques were used for characterization of adsorbents. The optimum conditions for the adsorption process were obtained by observing the influences of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial solution concentration, contact time and temperature. The optimum adsorption efficiencies were determined at pH 2.8 and pH 4.0 for Fe(III) and Cr(III) metal ion solutions, respectively. The experimental data were modelled by different isotherm models and the equilibriums were well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetic, intra-particle diffusion and Elovich models were applied to analyze the kinetic data and to evaluate rate constants. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model gave a better fit than the others. The thermodynamic parameters, such as Gibbs free energy change ΔG°, standard enthalpy change ΔH° and standard entropy change ΔS° were evaluated. The thermodynamic study showed the adsorption was a spontaneous endothermic process.

scholarly journals Removal of reactive dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R from aqueous solutions by using anaerobically digested sewage sludge based adsorbents

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem Özçimen ◽  
Tufan Salan
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Remazol Brilliant Blue R ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, adsorbents were produced from sewage sludge via chemical and thermal activation processes. Experiments were carried out in a tubular furnace at the heating rate of 20?C min-1 and temperature of 550 ?C with a nitrogen flow rate of 400 mL min-1 for 1 h. Dye adsorption experiments were performed with Remazol Brilliant Blue R for its several concentrations under batch equilibrium conditions by comparing sewage sludge based adsorbents with raw material and a commercial activated carbon. Maximum adsorption capacities of carbonized sewage sludge (CSWS) and activated sewage sludge (ASWS) were found as 7.413 mg g-1 and 9.376 mg g-1 for 100 mg L-1 dye solution, whereas commercial activated carbon had a capacity of 11.561 mg g-1. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were used to explain the adsorption mechanism together with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Langmuir isotherm, which had adsorption capacities of 34.60 mg g-1 (CSWS) and 72.99 mg g-1 (ASWS), provided better fit to the equilibrium data than that of Freundlich isotherm. Pseudo second-order, model which had adsorption capacities of 7.451 mg g-1 (CSWS) and 9.319 mg g-1 (ASWS), was very favorable to explain the adsorption kinetics of the dye with high regression coefficients.

Adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution onto activated carbons developed from eucalyptus bark and Crataegus oxyacantha core

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2021-2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Zazouli ◽  
Ali Azari ◽  
Samaneh Dehghan ◽  
Razieh Salmani Malekkolae
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Eucalyptus Bark

In this study, eucalyptus bark and Crataegus oxyacantha core-based activated carbon were synthesized and their morphological features characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The efficiency of synthesized adsorbents in removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution was investigated in a series of batch experiments. Furthermore, the influences of various experimental factors involving the contact time, the initial dye concentration, the adsorbent dosage, and the pH of the dye solution were investigated. The point of zero charge (pHpzc) of the applied adsorbents was also determined. In addition, the experimental data were expressed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherms and pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Adsorption equilibrium of the two adsorbents was reached within 1 h for MB concentrations of 20 to 100 mg/L. The equilibrium data obtained at optimum conditions of MB sorption by eucalyptus bark activated carbon and Crataegus oxyacantha core activated carbon were best fitted to Tempkin and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. Besides, it was revealed that the adsorption rate follows a pseudo-second order kinetic model. From the findings of this study, it can be postulated that these adsorbents could be of great potential as a new class of adsorbents for organic dye removal from polluted water.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol on Commercial Activated Carbons: Modelling and Interpretation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingxin Xie ◽  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Adsorption by activated carbons (AC) is an effective option for phenolic wastewater treatment. Three commercial AC, including coal-derived granular activated carbons (GAC950), coal-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC800), and coconut shell-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC1000), were utilized as adsorbent to study its viability and efficiency for phenol removal from wastewater. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and the Weber–Morris kinetic models were used to find out the kinetic parameters and mechanism of adsorption process. Further, to describe the equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. According to the experimental results, AC presented a micro/mesoporous structure, and the removal of phenol by AC was affected by initial phenol concentration, contact time, pH, temperature, and humic acid (HA) concentration. The pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir models were found to fit the experimental data very well, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 169.91, 176.58, and 212.96 mg/g for GAC950, PAC800, and PAC1000, respectively, which was attributed to differences in their precursors and physical appearance. Finally, it was hard for phenol to be desorbed in a natural environment, which confirmed that commercial AC are effective adsorbents for phenol removal from effluent wastewater.

Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies of the adsorption of crystal violet by activated carbon from peanut shells

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. X. Zhang ◽  
L. L. Ou
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Crystal Violet Dye ◽  
Peanut Shells ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Good Agreement

The adsorption of crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions onto an activated carbon prepared from peanut shells was analyzed in this study. The effects of particle size, initial concentration, time and temperature on crystal violet removal were studied in batch experiments. Experimental results showed that the adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 100 min for all studied concentrations. Analysis of adsorption results showed that the adsorption isotherms could be well fitted to the Langmuir model. Kinetic parameters, rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities and related correlation coefficients for pseudo first-order and second-order kinetic models were calculated and discussed. The results revealed that the adsorption kinetics was in good agreement with the pseudo second-order equation. Thermodynamic parameters such as the change of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), change of enthalpy (ΔH°) and change of entropy (ΔS°) have also been determined and it has been found that the adsorption process should be spontaneous, endothermic and physisorption in nature.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Marine AlgaeGracilariaand its Activated Carbon for the Adsorption of Ni(II) from Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1512-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Esmaeili ◽  
P. Beirami ◽  
S. Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Equation ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The batch removal of Ni2+from aqueous solution and wastewater using marine dried (MD) red algaeGracilariaand its activated carbon (AC) was studied. For these experiments, adsorption of Ni2+was used to form two biomasses of AC and MD. Both methods used different pH values, biomass and initial concentration of Ni2+. Subsequently adsorption models and kinetic studies were carried out. The maximum efficiencies of Ni2+removal were 83.55% and 99.04% for MD and AC respectively developed from it. The experimental adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir adsorption model. The nickel(II) uptake by the biosorbents was best described by pseudo-second order rate model. The kinetic studies showed that the heavy metal uptake was observed more rapidly by the AC with compared to MD. AC method developed from MD biomass exhibited higher biosorption capacity. Adsorption capacity is related to the pH of solution, pH 5.0 is optimal for nickel. The maximum efficiencies of Ni2+removal were for AC method. The capacity is related to the pH of solution, pH 5.0 is optimal for nickel. The equilibrium adsorption data are correlated by Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption kinetic data can be described by the second order kinetic models

scholarly journals Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Aqueous Media Using Activated Carbon Prepared by Lotus Leaves: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-373
Author(s):  
Roya Salahshour ◽  
Mehdi Shanbedi ◽  
Hossein Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Lotus Leaves

In the present work, methylene blue was eliminated from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared by lotus leaves. To perform the experiments, batch method was applied. Also, several analyses such as SEM, FTIR, EDAX and BET were done to determine the surface properties of the activated carbon. The results showed that the maximum sorption efficiency of 97.59% was obtained in initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L, pH of 9, adsorbent dosage of 4 g/L, temperature of 25 °C, contact time of 60 min and mixture speed of 400 rpm. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity was determined 80 mg/g, which was a significant value. The experimental data was analyzed using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models, which the results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model could better describe the kinetic behavior of the sorption process. Also, the constant rate of the pseudo-second order kinetic model was obtained in the range of 0.0218–0.0345 g/mg.min. Moreover, the adsorption equilibrium was well described using Freundlich isotherm model. Furthermore, the thermodynamic studies indicated that the sorption process of methylene blue dye using the activated carbon was spontaneous and exothermic.

scholarly journals Comparative study between activated carbon and biochar for phenol removal from aqueous solution

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6781-6790
Author(s):  
Moammar Elbidi ◽  
Agab Hewas ◽  
Rajab Asar ◽  
Mohamad Amran Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Maximum Removal

Removal of phenol from wastewater using local biochar (BC) was investigated, while using activated carbon (AC) as a reference material. The main parameters affecting the sorption process were initial concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the maximum removal percent when using AC and BC were 95% and 55%, respectively. Experimental data showed that the removal of phenol has fast kinetics and reached equilibrium within 5 minutes. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to fit the adsorption experimental data. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were employed.

scholarly journals Prediction of adsorption efficiency for the removal malachite green and acid blue 161 dyes by marble sludge dust using ANN

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-689 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Marble Dust ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Acid Blue

<div> <p>In the present study, batch adsorption studies were performed for the removal of malachite green and acid blue 161 dyes from aqueous solutions by varying parameters such as contact time, waste marble dust amount, initial dye concentration and temperature. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm models. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models agree well with experimental data. The pseudo-second order, intraparticle intraparticle diffusion and Elovich kinetic models were applied to the experimental data in order to describe the removal mechanism of dye ions by waste marble dust. The pseudo-second order kinetic was the best fit kinetic model for the experimental data. Thermodynamics parameters such as Δ<em>G</em>, Δ<em>H</em> and Δ<em>S </em>were also calculated for the adsorption processes. The experimental data were used to construct an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict removal of malachite green and acid blue 161 dyes by waste marble dust. A three-layer ANN, an input layer with four neurons, a hidden layer with 12 neurons, and an output layer with one neuron is constructed. Different training algorithms were tested on the model to obtain the proper weights and bias values for ANN model. The results show that waste marble dust is an efficient sorbent for malachite green dye and ANN network, which is easy to implement and is able to model the batch experimental system.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

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