scholarly journals Comparative study between activated carbon and biochar for phenol removal from aqueous solution

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6781-6790
Author(s):  
Moammar Elbidi ◽  
Agab Hewas ◽  
Rajab Asar ◽  
Mohamad Amran Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Maximum Removal

Removal of phenol from wastewater using local biochar (BC) was investigated, while using activated carbon (AC) as a reference material. The main parameters affecting the sorption process were initial concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the maximum removal percent when using AC and BC were 95% and 55%, respectively. Experimental data showed that the removal of phenol has fast kinetics and reached equilibrium within 5 minutes. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to fit the adsorption experimental data. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were employed.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol on Commercial Activated Carbons: Modelling and Interpretation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingxin Xie ◽  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Adsorption by activated carbons (AC) is an effective option for phenolic wastewater treatment. Three commercial AC, including coal-derived granular activated carbons (GAC950), coal-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC800), and coconut shell-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC1000), were utilized as adsorbent to study its viability and efficiency for phenol removal from wastewater. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and the Weber–Morris kinetic models were used to find out the kinetic parameters and mechanism of adsorption process. Further, to describe the equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. According to the experimental results, AC presented a micro/mesoporous structure, and the removal of phenol by AC was affected by initial phenol concentration, contact time, pH, temperature, and humic acid (HA) concentration. The pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir models were found to fit the experimental data very well, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 169.91, 176.58, and 212.96 mg/g for GAC950, PAC800, and PAC1000, respectively, which was attributed to differences in their precursors and physical appearance. Finally, it was hard for phenol to be desorbed in a natural environment, which confirmed that commercial AC are effective adsorbents for phenol removal from effluent wastewater.

scholarly journals Multi-Component Adsorption of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene from Aqueous Solutions by Montmorillonite Modified with Tetradecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nourmoradi ◽  
Mehdi Khiadani ◽  
M. Nikaeen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Multicomponent Adsorption ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Kinetic And Isotherm Models

Multicomponent adsorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) was assessed in aqueous solutions by montmorillonite modified with tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB-Mt). Batch experiments were conducted to determine the influences of parameters including loading rates of surfactant, contact time, pH, adsorbate concentration, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to determine the adsorbent properties. Results showed that the modification of the adsorbent via the surfactant causes structural changes of the adsorbent. It was found that the optimum adsorption condition achieves with the surfactant loading rate of 200% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the adsorbent for a period of 24 h. The sorption of BTEX by TTAB-Mt was in the order ofB<T<E<X. The experimental data were fitted by many kinetic and isotherm models. The results also showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model could, respectively, be fitted to the experimental data better than other available kinetic and isotherm models. The thermodynamic study indicated that the sorption of BTEX with TTAB-Mt was achieved spontaneously and the adsorption process was endothermic as well as physical in nature. The regeneration results of the adsorbent also showed that the adsorption capacity of adsorbent after one use was 51% to 70% of original TTAB-Mt.

Nanoparticle Fe3O4 magnetized activated carbon from Armeniaca sibirica shell for the adsorption of Hg(II) ions

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6100-6120
Author(s):  
Yinan Hao ◽  
Yanfei Pan ◽  
Qingwei Du ◽  
Xudong Li ◽  
Ximing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Initial Concentration

Armeniaca sibirica shell activated carbon (ASSAC) magnetized by nanoparticle Fe3O4 prepared from Armeniaca sibirica shell was investigated to determine its adsorption for Hg2+ from wastewater. Fe3O4/ASSAC was characterized using XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Optimum adsorption parameters were determined based on the initial concentration of Hg2+, reaction time, reaction temperature, and pH value in adsorption studies. The experiment results demonstrated that the specific surface area of ASSAC decreased after magnetization; however the adsorption capacity and removal rate of Hg2+ increased 0.656 mg/g and 0.630%, respectively. When the initial concentration of Hg2+ solution was 250 mg/L and the pH value was 2, the adsorption time was 180 min and the temperature was 30 °C, and with the Fe3O4/ASSAC at 0.05 g, the adsorption reaching 97.1 mg/g, and the removal efficiency was 99.6%. The adsorption capacity of Fe3O4/ASSAC to Hg2+ was in accord with Freundlich isotherm models, and a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation was used to fit the adsorption best. The Gibbs free energy ΔGo < 0，enthalpy change ΔHo < 0, and entropy change ΔSo < 0 which manifested the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process.

Mathematical Modelling for Copper and Lead Adsorption on Coffee Grounds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita Seniūnaitė ◽  
Rasa Vaiškūnaitė ◽  
Kristina Bazienė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Research studies on the adsorption kinetics are conducted in order to determine the absorption time of heavy metals on coffee grounds from liquid. The models of adsorption kinetics and adsorption diffusion are based on mathe-matical models (Cho et al. 2005). The adsorption kinetics can provide information on the mechanisms occurring be-tween adsorbates and adsorbents and give an understanding of the adsorption process. In the mathematical modelling of processes, Lagergren’s pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetics and the intra-particle diffusion models are usually applied. The mathematical modelling has shown that the kinetics of the adsorption process of heavy metals (copper (Cu) and lead (Pb)) is more appropriately described by the Lagergren’s pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The kinetic constants (k2Cu = 0.117; k2Pb = 0,037 min−1) and the sorption process speed (k2qeCu = 0.0058–0.4975; k2qePb = 0.021–0.1661 mg/g per min) were calculated. After completing the mathematical modelling it was calculated that the Langmuir isotherm better reflects the sorption processes of copper (Cu) (R2 = 0.950), whilst the Freundlich isotherm – the sorption processes of lead (Pb) (R2 = 0.925). The difference between the mathematically modelled and experimen-tally obtained sorption capacities for removal of heavy metals on coffee grounds from aqueous solutions is 0.059–0.164 mg/l for copper and 0.004–0.285 mg/l for lead. Residual concentrations of metals in a solution showed difference of 1.01 and 0.96 mg/l, respectively.

Facile Fabrication of N-Methyl-D-Glucamine Grafted HDPE Particle as Adsorbent for Boron Removal from Aqueous Solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 953 ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Ji Fu Du ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Long Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Boron Removal ◽  
Dynamic Experiment ◽  
Adsorption Behaviors ◽  
Ring Opening Reaction ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Facile Fabrication ◽  
Kinetic Mode

Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted onto the surface of HDPE particles by radiation grafting and emulsion graft copolymerization. And subsequent ring-opening reaction of expoxy groups in poly-GMA graft chains with N-methylglucamine (NMG) was conducted to synthesis the boron adsorbent. The synthesis condition (radiation dose and NMG concentration) was optimized and characterized by IR and SEM. Adsorption behaviors of the boron adsorbent for boron removal presented that adsorption kinetics was well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic mode. The adsorption isothermal was well fitted with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption capacity for boron reached 15.63 mg/g at optimal pH 8. Dynamic experiment revealed that boron could be efficiently adsorbed by the boron adsorbent and fully desorbed using 13 BV of 1 mol/L HCl.

scholarly journals Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Developed from Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao) Shell - A Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S363-S371 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Theivarasu ◽  
S. Mylsamy
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The removal of malachite green (MG) by cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell activated carbon (CSAC) was investigated in present study. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process parameters such as initial pH, contact time, initial concentration and adsorbent dose. A comparison of kinetic models applied to the adsorption of MG on CSAC was evaluated for the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to correlate the experimental data well. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data was represented with Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Flory-Huggins isotherms. The experimental data obtained in the present study indicated that activated carbon developed from cocoa shell can be attractive options for dye removal from waste water.

scholarly journals Parametric, equilibrium and kinetic studies on the removal of mercury using ion exchange resin

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rajamohan ◽  
M. Rajasimman
Keyword(s):  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Acid Cation ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Langmuir Constants

This experimental research was an investigation into removal of mercury by using a strong acid cation resin, 001 × 7. Parametric experiments were conducted to determine the optimum pH, resin dosage, agitation speed and the effect of change in concentration in the range of 50–200 mg/L. High resin dosages favoured better removal efficiency but resulted in lower uptakes. Equilibrium experiments were performed and fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Langmuir model suited well to this study confirming the homogeneity of the resin surface. The Langmuir constants were estimated as qmax = 110.619 mg/g and KL = 0.070 L/g at 308 K. Kinetic experiments were modeled using Pseudo second order model and higher values of R2 (&gt;0.97) were obtained. The Pseudo second order kinetic constants, namely, equilibrium uptake (qe) and rate constant (k2), were evaluated as 59.17 mg/g and 40.2 × 10−4 g mg−1 min−1 at an initial mercury concentration of 100 mg/L and temperature of 308 K.

scholarly journals Banana Fibers as Sorbent for Removal of Acid Green Dye from Water

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Kartina Abdul Karim ◽  
Soh Fong Lim ◽  
S. N. David Chua ◽  
Shanti Faridah Salleh ◽  
Puong Ling Law
Keyword(s):  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Agitation Speed ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Banana Fibers ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Banana Leaves

In this study, banana fibers extracted from banana leaves, stem, and stalk were used to remove acid green dye from aqueous solution. Three initial concentrations (750, 1000, and 1500 ppm) were chosen to determine the kinetic characteristics of the banana fiber sorbents at 25°C, agitation speed of 200 rpm, and total contact time of 3 hours. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Dunwald-Wagner kinetic models were applied to the experimental kinetic data. For isotherm study, the batch experiments were performed at 25°C, initial pH 2, agitation speed of 200 rpm, and initial concentrations between 100 and 2000 ppm. The experimental data was fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Temkin isotherms. The equilibrium was achieved in less than 90 minutes. The removal of the acid green dye was found to be following closely the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. For equilibrium study, the Freundlich isotherm was found to fit well with adsorption of acid green dye on the banana leaves, stem, and stalk sorbents. The calculated mean free energy of 4–11 J/mol indicated that the sorption process was mostly physical in nature. Experimental results also showed the adsorption performance is greatly affected by the initial solution pH.

scholarly journals Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Aqueous Media Using Activated Carbon Prepared by Lotus Leaves: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-373
Author(s):  
Roya Salahshour ◽  
Mehdi Shanbedi ◽  
Hossein Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Lotus Leaves

In the present work, methylene blue was eliminated from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared by lotus leaves. To perform the experiments, batch method was applied. Also, several analyses such as SEM, FTIR, EDAX and BET were done to determine the surface properties of the activated carbon. The results showed that the maximum sorption efficiency of 97.59% was obtained in initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L, pH of 9, adsorbent dosage of 4 g/L, temperature of 25 °C, contact time of 60 min and mixture speed of 400 rpm. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity was determined 80 mg/g, which was a significant value. The experimental data was analyzed using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models, which the results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model could better describe the kinetic behavior of the sorption process. Also, the constant rate of the pseudo-second order kinetic model was obtained in the range of 0.0218–0.0345 g/mg.min. Moreover, the adsorption equilibrium was well described using Freundlich isotherm model. Furthermore, the thermodynamic studies indicated that the sorption process of methylene blue dye using the activated carbon was spontaneous and exothermic.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Isotherm Models for Adsorption of Ammonium onto Granular Activated Carbon

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9227-9241
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Engineering Practices

High amounts of ammonium (NH4+) discharged in receiving water can lead to eutrophication. The adsorption of NH4+ from synthetic solution onto granular activated carbon (GAC) was scrutinized with respect to initial solute concentration (10 mg L−1), solution volume (0.2 L), adsorbent dosage (4 – 20 g), and contact time. Experimental data can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.994) and Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.936), suggesting that chemisorption and multilayer adsorption occurred. Furthermore, this study explored the feasibility of using the Freundlich isotherm model to estimate the removal efficiency or required amount of adsorbent. The result findings indicated that GAC has a good potential to adsorb NH4+ from water and thus giving new insights into environmental engineering practices.

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