Problems of clinical and morphologic diagnosis of orolabial melanosis in children

Pigmented neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes are a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant neoplasms, some of which are extremely rare in the practice of pediatric oncologist. Orolabial melanosis refers to a benign pigmented pathology of the skin and mucous membranes, requires differential diagnosis with ephelids, melanoma, and when localized on the tongue – with pigmented fungiform papillae of the tongue.This article presents a clinical case of orolabial melanosis with localization on the tongue in a 9-year-old child that was not previously described in the domestic literature. The clinical, dermatoscopic, immuno-morphological and differential diagnostic features of this pathology are described in detail.

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CLINICAL CASE OF PALMOPLANTAR KERATODERMA TYPE UNNA-THOST

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases ◽

10.18821/1560-9588-2017-20-3-143-145 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 143-145

Author(s):

Albina G. Pashinyan ◽

L. I Ilienko ◽

A. N Akopyan

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Heterogeneous Group ◽

Palmoplantar Keratoderma

Palmar-plantar keratoderma is a heterogeneous group of hereditary dermatosis, which can be independent diseases or combined with various congenital malformations, most of ectodermal origin. Approaches to differential diagnosis and clinical features of each form of this pathology are described. Keratoderma, Unna Toast genodermatosis belongs to the group, which is characterized by hyperkeratosis on the palms and soles without migration to other skin areas.

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Clinical case: Complicated differential diagnosis between postsurgical and functional hypoparathyroidism.

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.70.ep74 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elena Kovaleva ◽

Anna Eremkina ◽

Julia Krupinova ◽

Natalia Mokrysheva

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Case

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Efficacy evaluation of the CEUS-LI-RADS-v2017 system in differential diagnosis of liver tumors

Medical Visualization ◽

10.24835/1607-0763-2019-4-57-67 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 57-67

Author(s):

A. N. Katrich ◽

V. A. Porkhanov ◽

N. S. Ryabin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Liver Tumors ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Diagnostic Efficiency ◽

Efficacy Evaluation ◽

General Group ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Objective: efficacy evaluation of the CEUS LI RADS v2017® system for differential diagnosis of liver tumors in patients with and without cirrhosis.Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of diagnostic results of the 165 patients with liver tumors (177 nodules) was done. All patients underwent CEUS with results interpretation in accordance to the CEUS LIRADSv2017 ® criteria. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on clinical and morphological data. Group 1 included 62 patients with cirrhosis and/or CVH. Group 2 included 110 patients without risk factors for HCC.Results. Diagnostic efficiency of CEUS LI RADS v2017® for HCC identification was: group 1 – Se – 100%, Sp – 88%, Ac – 95.5%; group 2 – Se – 100%, Sp – 68.8%, Ac – 72.7%; general group Se – 100%, Sp – 72.2%, Ac – 81.4%. In the 2nd group, 21 out of 22 neoplasms, confirmed morphologically as FNH, we classified as LR 4. By applying benign character and specific contrasting patterns of FNG, they were transferred from LR 4 to LR 3. This allowed to increase sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnosis in group 2 (Se – 100%, Sp – 90.6%, Ac – 91.8%) and in general group (Se – 100%, Sp – 90.1%, Ac – 93.2%). Diagnostic efficiency of the criteria for non hepatocellular malignant neoplasms (LR M) was: group 1 – Se – 77.8%, Sp – 100%, Ac – 97%; group 2 – Se – 90%, Sp – 96.7%, Ac – 93.6%; general group- Se – 88.1%, Sp – 98.3%, Ac – 94.9%.Conclusion. Our study confirmed high accuracy of the CEUS LI RADS v2017® system in the differential diagnosis of focal liver tumors. Modification of the system (in particular, transfer of typical FNG forms from the LR 4 category) will make it possible to increase the accuracy of diagnostics by 20%. It will allow to use the LI RADS v2017® system for interpretation CEUS not only among patients with liver cirrhosis, but also in a general group without risk factors of GCC.

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Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM): A Demyelinating Disease with Specific Morphological Features

International Journal of Surgical Pathology ◽

10.1177/1066896921993562 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106689692199356

Author(s):

Fleur Cordier ◽

Lars Velthof ◽

David Creytens ◽

Jo Van Dorpe

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Demyelinating Disease ◽

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽

Demyelinating Diseases ◽

Demyelinating Disorder ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

The Central Nervous System

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare immune-mediated inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Its characteristic perivenular demyelination and inflammation aid in the differential diagnosis with other inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Here, we present a clinical case of ADEM, summarize its histological hallmarks, and discuss pitfalls concerning the most important neuropathological differential diagnoses.

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Schwannoma of the abdominal wall: updated literature review

European Surgery ◽

10.1007/s10353-021-00720-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tommaso Panici Tonucci ◽

Andrea Sironi ◽

Eleonora Pisa ◽

Benedetta Di Venosa ◽

Luigi Bonavina

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Literature Review ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Single Case ◽

Case Reports ◽

Rectus Abdominis ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Palpable Mass ◽

Surgical Specimen ◽

Benign Schwannoma

Summary Background Schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves. It is often asymptomatic and can develop in the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, head and neck region, and upper and lower extremities. Schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare, but differential diagnosis with malignant neoplasms is important to reduce the risk of undertreatment. Methods A narrative review of abdominal wall schwannoma was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science database and the search terms “schwannoma”, “neurinoma”, “neurilemmoma”, “soft tissue tumors”, “neurogenic tumor”, “rectus abdominis mass”, “abdominal wall”. In addition, the hospital charts were reviewed to report the personal experience. Results Only 9 single case-reports of benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall were found in the English medical literature over the past decade. None of the patients received preoperative biopsy and all were resected with clear margins. In addition to the literature review, we report the case of a 58-year-old man referred for a palpable mass in the left upper abdominal quadrant. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid and well-encapsulated mass inside the left rectus abdominis muscle. A core biopsy of the lesion provided the diagnosis of cellular schwannoma and this was confirmed by histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen. Conclusions Benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare. Percutaneous core needle biopsy is important for the differential diagnosis with more common and biologically more aggressive malignancies, such as desmoid tumors and sarcomas, and may be relevant for planning the most appropriate management.

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Congenital optic disc coloboma

Russian ophthalmology of children ◽

10.25276/2307-6658-2021-1-33-39 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 33-39

Author(s):

A.O. Nazarenko ◽

◽

E.E. Sidorenko ◽

D.V. Miguel ◽

A.S. Smartsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Optic Nerve ◽

Clinical Picture ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Charge Syndrome ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽

Optic Disc Coloboma ◽

Optic Nerve Coloboma

A clinical case of observation of a 3-year-old child with a newly diagnosed optic nerve coloboma and multiple malformations is considered. The clinical picture and diagnostic methods necessary for the diagnosis are reflected. On the example of this child, the differential diagnosis with Charge syndrome is considered. Key words: coloboma, optic nerve coloboma, partial optic nerve atrophy, astigmatism, Charge syndrome.

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Interdisciplinary approach to the management of a patient with Sjogren’s syndrome: a clinical case

Modern Gastroenterology ◽

10.30978/mg-2021-4-32 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

N. Y. Emelyanova ◽

T. E. Kozyrieva ◽

O. V. Stepanova ◽

N. V. Zorenko

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Salivary Glands ◽

Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Sjögren's Syndrome ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽

Sjogren's Syndrome ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Dryness of the mucous membranes (in mouth, nose, genitals in women) and skin are the most common complaints of patients with Sjogren’s disease — a multisystem immune‑mediated disorder that causes anxiety and concern associated with the difficulties of initial diagnosis. The authors present a clinical case of a patient with primary Sjogren’s syndrome, a large number of symptoms of digestive diseases, complaints of dryness of mucous membranes, in particular the oral cavity. The diagnosis was confirmed by allied specialists such as ophthalmologist, gynecologist, rheumatologist, dentist. Detailed dental examination revealed the main dental complaints (constant dry mouth, galitos, changes in taste), clinical condition (dryness of the red border of the lips, swelling of the oral mucosa, changes in the relief of the gums), decreased secretory activity and significant reduction of unstimulated salivation with a moderate level of stimulated salivation. It is noted that a significant decrease in sialometry (0.01 ml per minute) and functional activity of the small salivary glands (up to 18) confirms the presence of true xerostomia. Micro‑crystallization of saliva revealed disorganization of irregularly shaped structures, as well as a significant number of organic inclusions, which indicates a violation of homeostasis in the oral cavity. Given the results of ultrasound examination of the large salivary glands and the absence of enlargement and swelling of the glands during clinical examination, we can assume that the destructive damage to the glands is not so pronounced, evacuation function of the gland is not reduced, but the amount of secretion is significantly reduced. To provide medical aid to patients with Sjogren’s syndrome, the accessibility of the qualified consultation is important and required, with conduction of comprehensive examinations by allied specialists, including a dentist.

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Clinical case of recurrent vomiting in a child: diagnostic search from functional gastrointestinal disorders to piloid astrocytoma

Practical medicine ◽

10.32000/2072-1757-2021-1-78-81 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 78-81

Author(s):

E. N. Voronina ◽

◽

D. V. Pechkurov ◽

A. A. Tyazheva ◽

E. V. Kozarez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Anxiety Symptom ◽

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Wide Range ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Recurrent Vomiting

The urgency of the problem of recurrent vomiting in children is due not only to the high prevalence of this syndrome, but also to a wide range of reasons for its development. The article presents a clinical case of observation of a child with recurrent vomiting syndrome. It shows the dynamics of the disease, the importance of identifying such «anxiety symptom» as the nutritional status violation. In this case, the cause of vomiting of central genesis was not immediately taken into account, although differential diagnosis presupposes an integrated approach, and doctors' oncological alertness should be constantly preserved even in pediatrics.

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Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of Renal Vein: Report of 2 Cases

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2005-129-516-ipehor ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 129 (4) ◽

pp. 516-519

Author(s):

Mohammed Akhtar ◽

Muhammed Aslam ◽

Hadeel Al-Mana ◽

Hana Bamefleh ◽

Sultan S. Al-Khateeb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Renal Vein ◽

Renal Mass ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Renal Neoplasm ◽

Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽

Process Thought ◽

Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽

Hilar Region ◽

Characteristic Features

Abstract Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia is a benign intravascular process thought to arise from an organizing thrombus. The lesion may present clinically as an abnormal mass and, depending on the location, may be confused with benign or malignant neoplasms. It has been described in a variety of locations. Involvement of the renal vein by papillary endothelial hyperplasia is extremely rare, with only 4 cases reported in the literature. We describe 2 additional cases. In both cases, the radiologic examination revealed a well-circumscribed mass in the hilar region of the kidney, which was considered to be a renal neoplasm. Nephrectomy specimen in each case revealed characteristic features of intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia. It is suggested that intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia should be included in the differential diagnosis of a hilar renal mass.

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