scholarly journals Challenges of Agglomerations Development in Russia

Federalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
А. V. Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
General Process ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
State Management ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Level

World experience shows that in modern conditions urban agglomerations are the most important form of spatial development. This is also evidenced by the experience gained in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Urban agglomerations are characterized by a large internal market, a high level of human capital, a high-quality urban environment, developed infrastructure, innovative potential, and higher entrepreneurial activity. Despite the fact that the Russian regions have already accumulated sufficient experience in the development of agglomerations, the issues of their formation have not yet been resolved at the federal level. This requires finding the optimal balance in the powers of municipalities and public authorities in their management. In the article, the author examines the key issues related to their institutionalization in Russia on the basis of the experience of a number of foreign countries in line with domestic experience. Being a form of inter-municipal cooperation, urban agglomerations are also the object of state management. The author analyzes the main provisions related to the development of urban agglomerations, which are contained in the Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation until 2025, as well as the Draft Law developed in the Ministry of Economic Development “On Urban Agglomerations”. It is concluded that the development of urban agglomerations is an integral part of a more general process of developing inter-municipal cooperation. 

scholarly journals Systemic Issues of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article provides an overview of key issues that prevent the sustainable social and economic development of the Russian Federation in a territory. The composition of the issues studied is determined by the current “Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025”. The author proposes an approach to their classification based on the specifics of the problem area and content, as well as the specificity of the relationship with each other. Particular attention is paid to the study of systemic problems of spatial development of the Russian Federation. The paper proves that the leading and still unresolved systemic problem is a high level of interregional social and economic disparity. The researcher shows that in recent years, regional development has become more balanced, although the differences between macro-regions (federal districts) in terms of the dynamics of economic development still remain. The author concludes that when the problem appears at the subfederal level, the heterogeneity of social and economic development of Russian regions becomes more acute and first of all the researcher points out the “gaps” in the living standards of the population of rural and urban areas. A particular issue is the unbalanced spatial development of large urban agglomerations and the largest urban agglomerations in comparison with other regions and municipalities. The author supposes that in the foreseeable future, the largest urban agglomerations will face the problem of the negative impact of the accelerated development of the economic “core” on balanced territorial development. The paper proves that the insufficient number of points of economic growth in the Russian Federation is largely connected with the low level of comfort of the urban environment in most cities, including large ones and the largest metropolitan areas.

scholarly journals Development of urban agglomerations as one of the directions of the strategy of spatial development of Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
N. N. Musinova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the last four years in the Russian Federation steps to spatial arrangement of the country are taken. One of the project directions of strategy of spatial development of the Russian Federation until 2025, namely – formation and management of development of city agglomerations has been examined in the article. The problems have been highlighted, the purposes and the mechanism of management have established, the changes made to Federal law dated October 6, 2003 No. 131-FZ «On the General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation» at a development stage of the studied direction of strategy have been considered and an assessment has been given them.

scholarly journals Development of Urban Agglomerations in the European North of Russia

Federalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-74
Author(s):  
N. V. Voroshilov
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Management System ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
European North ◽  
The Russian Federation

At present, in Russia, the development of urban agglomerations is designated as one of the priorities of the country’s spatial development. At the same time, there is still no common understanding of how many agglomerations there are in Russia, what is their composition; unified approaches to organizing a management system for the development of agglomerations have not been formed either. The main idea of this article is that not only the largest and largest agglomerations (with a population of more than 500 thousand people – they are indicated in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025), but also agglomerations with a population of less than 500 thousand people. people play an important role in the development of regions and the country as a whole, and therefore require state support and the formation of a management system for their development, which will increase the positive agglomeration effects. The article presents a methodological approach to the analysis and assessment of the main parameters of the development of urban agglomerations (a formula for calculating the indicator of the economic power of an agglomeration and a methodology for assessing the level of socio-economic development of agglomerations). On the basis of this approach, the identification of 10 agglomerations in the European North of Russia has been substantiated. The calculation of the agglomeration development coefficient showed that 9 agglomerations (Apatitskaya, Arkhangelskaya, Vologodskaya, Vorkutinskaya, Kotlasskaya, Petrozavodskaya, Syktyvkarskaya, Ukhtinskaya, Cherepovetskaya) belong to the least developed (emerging or promising), and Murmanskaya – to the category of underdeveloped. Taking into account the analysis of successful foreign and domestic experience, the key elements of the mechanism for managing the development of urban agglomeration are substantiated. The results obtained will be interesting and useful to the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments in the development of management decisions in the implementation of regional and local socio-economic policies, as well as serve as a basis for further research on this topic.

scholarly journals The Urban Agglomerations and the Spatial Development Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Olga Kuznetsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Development Strategy

The article explains the reasons of special attention in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation to large and major urban agglomerations, one of which is the formation of alternative growth poles to hyper-developed Moscow. The significance of the problem of non-transparency of territorial structure of federal and regional budget expenditures is indicated

scholarly journals MECHANISM FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STATE SUPPORT FOR SMALL BUSINESSES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-29
Author(s):  
Р.Х. Азиева ◽  
Х.Э. Таймасханов
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
State Support ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Operational Processes

Малый бизнес - неотъемлемая часть развитой экономической системы. Основным направлением национальной политики в области развития МБ является вывод инструментов и мер поддержки бизнес-сектора на новый качественный уровень. Развитие территории МП характеризуется как один из основных факторов инновационного развития страны и совершенствования структуры экономического сектора. Стратегия развития малого и среднего предпринимательства в России до 2030 года, утвержденная Постановлением Правительства Российской Федерации от 16 июля 2012 г. №1083-р от 2 июня 2016 г., основана на принципах упрощения, и ее положения являются ключевым комплексом национального законодательства, регулирующего предпринимательскую деятельность, что определяет актуальность исследования.Целью данного исследования является оценка повышения эффективности государственной поддержки малого бизнеса РФ в современных условиях как фактора его влияния на государственное регулирование.В работе представлены исторические аспекты становления предпринимательства и определена его роль в обществе. Изучены вопросы, связанные с операционными процессами систем государственной поддержки, и дана оценка их эффективности. Также в работе выявлены ключевые вопросы и детали процесса создания механизмов повышения эффективности государственной поддержки малого бизнеса. Small business is an integral part of a developed economic system. The main direction of the national policy in the field of MB development is to bring tools and measures to support the business sector to a new qualitative level. The development of the MP territory is characterized as one of the main factors of the country’s innovative development and improvement of the structure of the economic sector. The Strategy for the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia until 2030, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 16, 2012. No. 1083-r of June 2, 2016, is based on the principles of simplification and its provisions are a key set of national legislation regulating entrepreneurial activity, which determines the relevance of the study.The purpose of this study is to assess the increase in the effectiveness of state support for small businesses in the Russian Federation in modern conditions as a factor of its influence on state regulation.The paper presents the historical aspects of the formation of entrepreneurship and defines its role in society. The issues related to the operational processes of state support systems are studied and their effectiveness is evaluated. The paper also identifies key issues and details of the process of creating mechanisms to increase the effectiveness of state support for small businesses.

scholarly journals “Blind Spots” of the Strategy of Spatial Development of Russia: Discussion of the Draft Strategy

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Mitrofanova ◽  
Victor Selyutin ◽  
Nikolay Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large City ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Blind Spots

The research papers of regionalist scientists of the 1990s pointed to the need to develop a long-term model of economic and humanitarian development of the territory of Russia, taking into account the changes of its place and role in the global economy and geopolitics after the collapse of the USSR. The federal government announced such a need after the financial crisis of 2008-2009, which revealed a number of serious regional disparities. The draft strategy for the spatial development of Russia until 2025 was developed by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and was discussed throughout the second half of 2018. According to the opinion of the authors, the strategy is a doctrinal document of an extremely high level of generalization, which has a lot of “blind spots”. The following ones are the most important among them. The strategy lists problems of spatial development of the Russian Federation, but doesn’t mention the reasons for their occurrence; it gives no explanations regarding infrastructural limitations in social and economic development of the territories, doesn’t specify the criteria for identifying 14 macrozones and disregards the established principles and generally accepted scientific methods of zoning. The document doesn’t support the innovation of dividing regional specializations into efficient and inefficient ones with appropriate calculations and doesn’t show the issues of financing numerous expensive projects (sources, volumes, mechanisms). Besides, there is no objective understanding of infrastructure development projects, etc. The authors are doubtful about the method of calculating a number of indices proposed in the draft strategy, in particular, the method of calculating the urban development index designed to characterize the level of development of a large city with adjacent territories. The article presents a critical analysis of this technique. The authors have identified the regional features of the territories of the Southern Federal District which are not taken into account in the draft document. They suggest a more objective reflection of development prospects of the southern regions in the strategy as well.

PROSPECTIVE ECONOMIC GROWTH CENTERS IN THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA: DO THEY CORRESPOND TO THE DIGITAL FUTURE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
V. Blanutsa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Signal Delay ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
The Russian Federation

The list of promising centers of economic growth is analyzed according to the “Strategy for the spatial development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025”. The aim of the study was to test the correspondence between the centers of economic growth represented in the strategy and the growth poles of the future digital economy based on artificial intelligence. The theoretical basis of the study was the concept of “growth poles” by F. Perroux with subsequent extensions. To identify the growth poles of the digital economy, the author’s database on telecommunication lines of the Russian Federation and Rosstat data on the population of cities as of January 1, 2019 were used. The author’s algorithm for identifying digital urban agglomerations was used as the research method. It is proposed to identify the leading, driven and potential growth poles of the digital economy. According to the initial hypothesis of the study, all centers of economic growth presented in the strategy are promising, since they fully correspond to the growth poles of the digital economy. An alternative hypothesis of the study was the lack of correspondence between the growth centers in terms of strategy and the identified growth poles of the digital economy. Analysis of the signal delay value in fiber-optic communication lines between 1115 Russian cities made it possible to identify 43 digital urban agglomerations. They represented clusters of cities with ultra-low signal delay from agglomeration centers. These centers were seen as the leading growth poles for Russia’s digital economy. Comparing them with 95 centers of economic growth in terms of strategy made it possible to reject the initial hypothesis as erroneous and accept an alternative hypothesis. This allowed us to come to the conclusion that not all the growth centers listed in the strategy are promising for the development of the digital economy. The driven and potential growth poles of the digital economy are listed. The set of all kinds of growth poles also do not correspond to the set of growth centers by strategy. The ten most problematic centers of economic growth are analyzed. The research results can be used to develop a new strategy for the spatial development of Russia. Seven directions for further research are proposed

A methodology for computing and assessing the transport accessibility index: The Russian Federation subjects case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2410-2426
Author(s):  
A.N. Savrukov ◽  
N.T. Savrukov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. This article examines the set of economic relations and problems emerging within the spatial development of settlements and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The article aims to develop key indicators and methods for assessing transport accessibility, potential market capacity, taking into account socio-economic characteristics, geographical location and the level of connectivity of areas. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of economic, statistical analysis and synthesis, comparison, and the k-means method. Results. The article proposes a system of cost-benefit equations for economic agents, and criteria, and a methodology for assessing the Transport Accessibility Index. Based on the clustering of Russian subjects by k-means, the article describes four groups of regions by level of transport accessibility. Conclusions and Relevance. The practical use of the approach presented to assess the Transport Accessibility Index will help form the basis for management decisions aimed at improving efficiency in the planning of spatial development and assessing the socio-economic effects of the proposed measures. The developed Transport Accessibility Index should be used as part of the analysis and monitoring of the effectiveness of infrastructure expenditures affecting changes in the transport accessibility of settlements within individual regions (municipalities).

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