Current Nanotechnological Approaches for an Effective Delivery of Bioactive Drug Molecules to Overcome Drug Resistance Tuberculosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 3076-3089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun Garg ◽  
Goutam Rath ◽  
Rayasa Murthy ◽  
Umesh Gupta ◽  
Palakkod Vatsala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Effective Delivery

Effective delivery of immunosuppressive drug molecules by silica coated iron oxide nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jangsun Hwang ◽  
Eunwon Lee ◽  
Jieun Kim ◽  
Youngmin Seo ◽  
Kwan Hong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drug ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Effective Delivery

scholarly journals Intranasal Delivery of Nanoformulations: A Potential Way of Treatment for Neurological Disorders

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Ul Islam ◽  
Adeeb Shehzad ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Ahmed ◽  
Young Sup Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Nasal Delivery ◽  
Intranasal Route ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Although the global prevalence of neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, glioblastoma, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis is steadily increasing, effective delivery of drug molecules in therapeutic quantities to the central nervous system (CNS) is still lacking. The blood brain barrier (BBB) is the major obstacle for the entry of drugs into the brain, as it comprises a tight layer of endothelial cells surrounded by astrocyte foot processes that limit drugs’ entry. In recent times, intranasal drug delivery has emerged as a reliable method to bypass the BBB and treat neurological diseases. The intranasal route for drug delivery to the brain with both solution and particulate formulations has been demonstrated repeatedly in preclinical models, including in human trials. The key features determining the efficacy of drug delivery via the intranasal route include delivery to the olfactory area of the nares, a longer retention time at the nasal mucosal surface, enhanced penetration of the drugs through the nasal epithelia, and reduced drug metabolism in the nasal cavity. This review describes important neurological disorders, challenges in drug delivery to the disordered CNS, and new nasal delivery techniques designed to overcome these challenges and facilitate more efficient and targeted drug delivery. The potential for treatment possibilities with intranasal transfer of drugs will increase with the development of more effective formulations and delivery devices.

scholarly journals Synthesis, antibacterial activity and docking studies of chloroacetamide derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Murtaza ◽  
Ataf Ali Altaf ◽  
Muhammad Hamayun ◽  
Kiran Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Replication Process ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Comparable Activity

Structural modification of lead compounds is a great challenge in organic synthesis. Introduction of different functional groups not only modify the structure of starting material but also improve their biological activeness. Small synthetic molecules are favored in spite of the reality that majority of drug molecules derived from natural sources, are in vogue. In the present work, acetamide derivatives were synthesized using chloroacetyl chloride. After synthesizing targeted series of acetamide derivatives these compounds were further modified using different amines including 2-aminobenzene thiol, benzyl amine, benzene 1,4-diamine, 4-amino-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one, 4-aminophenol, hydrazine and 4-amino-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide. All of these synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and X-ray crystallography. The compounds were assessed for their anti-bacterial activity using disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The compounds were found to exhibit comparable activity to the standard drug used. This was further supported by molecular docking studies using bacterial DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase II targets causing bacterial death as they are major bacterial proteins known to be involved in transcription and replication process. Results proved that the compound 2b was the most efficacious antimicrobial compound among the synthesized set of compounds. To tackle the growing drug resistance acetamide based functionalities can be regarded as the active lead compounds to target different drug resistance microorganism.

scholarly journals Effective Delivery of Anti-Cancer Drug Molecules with Shape Transforming Liquid Metal Particles

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasom Kim ◽  
Jangsun Hwang ◽  
Yonghyun Choi ◽  
Yejin Kwon ◽  
Jaehee Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Embolic Agents ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
A Cell ◽  
External Stimuli

Liquid metals are being studied intensively because of their potential as a drug delivery system. Eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) alloy liquid metals have a low melting point, low toxicity, and excellent tissue permeability. These properties may enable them to be vascular embolic agents that can be deformed by light or heat. In this study, we developed EGaIn particles that can deliver anticancer drugs to tumor cells in vitro and change their shapes in response to external stimuli. These particles were prepared by sonicating a solution containing EGaIn and amphiphilic lipids. The liquid metal (LM)/amphiphilic lipid (DSPC, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholin) particles formed a vehicle for doxorubicin, an anticancer drug, which was released (up to 50%) when the shape of the particles was deformed by light or heat treatment. LM/DSPC particles are non-toxic and LM/DSPC/doxorubicin particles have anticancer effects (resulting in a cell viability of less than 50%). LM/DSPC/doxorubicin particles were also able to mimic blood vessel embolisms by modifying their shape using precisely controlled light and heat in engineered microchannels. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of EGaIn materials to treat tumor tissues that cannot be removed by surgery.

scholarly journals Nano-MOFs as targeted drug delivery agents to combat antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 200959
Author(s):  
Saleh A. Ahmed ◽  
Md. Nur Hasan ◽  
Damayanti Bagchi ◽  
Hatem M. Altass ◽  
Moataz Morad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacological Significance

The drug resistance of bacteria is a significant threat to human civilization while the action of antibiotics against drug-resistant bacteria is severely limited owing to the hydrophobic nature of drug molecules, which unquestionably inhibit its permanency for clinical applications. The antibacterial action of nanomaterials offers major modalities to combat drug resistance of bacteria. The current work reports the use of nano–metal-organic frameworks encapsulating drug molecules to enhance its antibacterial activity against model drug-resistant bacteria and biofilm of the bacteria. We have attached rifampicin (RF), a well-documented antituberculosis drug with tremendous pharmacological significance, into the pore surface of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF8) by a simple synthetic procedure. The synthesized ZIF8 has been characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method before and after drug encapsulation. The electron microscopic strategies such as scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope methods were performed to characterize the binding between ZIF8 and RF. We have also performed picosecond-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy to validate the formation of the ZIF8-RF nanohybrids (NHs). The drug release profile experiment demonstrates that ZIF8-RF depicts pH-responsive drug delivery and is ideal for targeting bacterial disease corresponding to its inherent acidic nature. Most remarkably, ZIF8-RF gives enhanced antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and also prompts entire damage of structurally robust bacterial biofilms. Overall, the present study depicts a detailed physical insight for manufactured antibiotic-encapsulated NHs presenting tremendous antimicrobial activity that can be beneficial for manifold practical applications.

2Receptor Specific Ligand conjugated Nanocarriers: an Effective Strategy for Targeted Therapy of Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratiksha Prabhu ◽  
Trinette Fernandes ◽  
Mansi Damani ◽  
Pramila Chaubey ◽  
Shridhar Narayanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Alveolar Tissue ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
Unique Cell ◽  
Cellular Components

: Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient chronic disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which has affected mankind for more than 4,000 years. Compliance with the standard conventional treatment can assure recovery from tuberculosis, but emergence of drug resistant strains pose a great challenge for effective management of tuberculosis. The process of discovery and development of new therapeutic entities with better specificity and efficacy is unpredictable and time consuming. Hence, delivery of pre-existing drugs with improved targetability is the need of the hour. Enhanced delivery and targetability can ascertain improved bioavailability, reduced toxicity, decreased frequency of dosing and therefore better patient compliance. Nanoformulations are being explored for effective delivery of therapeutic agents, however optimum specificity is not guaranteed. In order to achieve specificity, ligands specific to receptors or cellular components of macrophage and Mycobacteria can be conjugatedto nanocarriers. This approach can improve localization of existing drug molecules at the intramacrophageal site where the parasites reside, improve targeting to the unique cell wall structure of Mycobacterium or improve adhesion to epithelial surface of intestine or alveolar tissue (lectins). Present review focuses on the investigation of various ligands like Mannose, Mycolic acid, Lectin, Aptamers etc. installed nanocarriers that are being envisaged for targeting antitubercular drugs.

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