scholarly journals Pharmacogenetics of Anticancer Drug Sensitivity and Toxicity in Colorectal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 2710-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh Moradi-Marjaneh ◽  
Majid Khazaei ◽  
Sima Seifi ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Hassanian ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

Inter-individual differences in drug response are an important cause of failure in anticancer treatment and adverse drug events in cancer patients. Gene polymorphisms related to these outcomes have been investigated in an effort to find new genetic biomarkers to predict toxicity and response to anticancer drugs. Evaluating the value single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes involved in transportation, activation and metabolism of anticancer drugs provides a promising approach to select the appropriate therapeutic regimes with at least adverse reactions. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the relationship between of SNPs involved in the transportation, activation and metabolism of anticancer drugs and treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in adipokine genes and risk of colorectal cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Pechlivanis ◽  
Justo Lorenzo Bermejo ◽  
Barbara Pardini ◽  
Alessio Naccarati ◽  
Ludmila Vodickova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Functional Polymorphisms ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveObesity has been related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Adipokines produced by the adipose tissue are directly linked to obesity and may thus contribute to the pathogenesis of CRC. We hypothesized that potentially functional polymorphisms in the adipokine genes leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), resistin (RETN), and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) may be associated with CRC.Design and methodsWe studied the association of four putatively functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with CRC risk using a hospital-based study design with 702 cases and 752 controls from the Czech Republic. We used likelihood ratio tests to select the best model to represent the relationship between genotypes and risk of CRC. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) under the best model were calculated for each SNP. Previous genotyping data on insulin (INS)-related genes were used to explore interactions between genes in obesity- and diabetes-related pathways by using two independent methods, logistic regression, and multifactor-dimensionality reduction.ResultsA trend to associate between the RETN SNP rs1862513 (C-420G) and CRC risk was observed (per allele OR 1.18, 95% confidence interval (0.99–1.40). Statistically, significant interactions were observed between the INS SNP rs3842754 (+1127INSPstI) genotypes and both the LEPR SNP rs1137101 (Q223R) and the ADIPOQ SNP rs266729 (C-11374G) genotypes.ConclusionsOur results suggest that variants in the adipokine genes may affect CRC risk in combination with variants in diabetes-related genes.

scholarly journals Single nucleotide polymorphisms in Wnt signaling and cell death pathway genes and susceptibility to colorectal cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1381-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Frank ◽  
M. Hoffmeister ◽  
N. Klopp ◽  
T. Illig ◽  
J. Chang-Claude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Cell Death Pathway

scholarly journals Associations between neurochemical receptor genes, 2D:4D, impulsivity and relationship quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 20180642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiluned Pearce ◽  
Rafael Wlodarski ◽  
Anna Machin ◽  
Robin I. M. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Digit Ratios ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Romantic Relationship Quality

The ratio between the second and fourth digits (2D:4D) has been widely used as a proxy for fetal exposure to androgens and has been linked to a number of sociosexual traits in humans. However, the role of genes in this equation remains unknown. Here ( N = 474), we test, firstly, for associations between 2D:4D and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine neurochemical receptor genes ( AR, OXTR, AVPR1A, OPRM1, DRD1/2, ANKK1, 5HTR1A/2A ), and secondly, whether digit ratios mediate the relationship between genetic variation and sociosexuality. We demonstrate significant associations between AR , OPRM1 and AVPR1A and 2D:4D. Moreover, mediation analysis indicates that, in women, AR and OPRM1 variation drives digit ratios, which are related positively to impulsivity and, for OPRM1 , negatively to romantic relationship quality. Although these findings are subject to multiple testing issues, this study provides preliminary evidence that in women genetic factors may affect both impulsivity and perceived relationship quality through influencing factors indexed by digit ratios.

scholarly journals Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in SMAD7 and CHI3L1 and Colorectal Cancer Risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Ahmed Abd El-Fattah ◽  
Nermin Abdel Hamid Sadik ◽  
Olfat Gamil Shaker ◽  
Amal Mohamed Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
The Third ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Cancer Initiation

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers throughout the world. It represents the third most common cancer and the fourth in mortality. Most of CRC are sporadic, arise with no known high-penetrant genetic variation and with no previous family history. The etiology of sporadic CRC is considered to be multifactorial and arises from the interaction of genetic variants of low-penetrant genes and environmental risk factors. The most common well-studied genetic variation is single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNP arises as a point mutation. If the frequency of the sequence variation reaches 1% or more in the population, it is referred to as polymorphism, but if it is lower than 1%, the allele is typically considered as a mutation. Lots of SNPs have been associated with CRC development and progression, for example, genes of TGF-β1 and CHI3L1 pathways. TGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with a dual role in cancer development and progression. TGF-β1 mediates its actions through canonical and noncanonical pathways. The most important negative regulatory protein for TGF-β1 activity is termed SMAD7. The production of TGF-βcan be controlled by another protein called YKL-40. YKL-40 is a glycoprotein with an important role in cancer initiation and metastasis. YKL-40 is encoded by the CHI3L1 gene. The aim of the present review is to give a brief introduction of CRC, SNP, and examples of some SNPs that have been documented to be associated with CRC. We also discuss two important signaling pathways TGF-β1 and CHI3L1 that influence the incidence and progression of CRC.

scholarly journals IL-1R2 Polymorphisms and its Interaction Associates With Osteoporosis Susceptibility in Chinese Han Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Rong ◽  
Zhiquan Liang ◽  
Wenyuan Xiang ◽  
Zhan Wang ◽  
Fengli Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Chinese Han Population ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Han Population ◽  
Testing Accuracy ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Osteoporosis Risk

Abstract Background: IL-1R2, serves as a negative regulator of IL-1 signaling, is involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. This study aimed to determine the correlation between IL-1R2 polymorphism and osteoporosis susceptibility among the Chinese Han population.Methods: We recruited 594 osteoporosis patients and 599 healthy controls. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-1R2 were selected for genotyping using Agena MassARRAY platform. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated through logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and sex. Linkage disequilibrium analysis was plotted by Haploview v4.2. Multifactor dimension reduction (MDR) was performed to estimate the SNP-SNP interaction of IL-1R2 variants.Results: Our result revealed that rs11674595 (OR = 1.86, p = 0.020), rs2072472 (OR = 1.26, p = 0.019) and rs4851527 (OR = 0.78, p = 0.007) were related to the risk of osteoporosis. Moreover, the contribution of IL-1R2 polymorphisms to osteoporosis risk presented age, sex and BMI difference. We found the relationship of Trs11674595Ars4851527 (OR = 0.80, p = 0.015), Crs11674595Grs4851527 (OR = 1.22, p = 0.043) and Ars3218977Grs2072472 (OR = 1.25, p = 0.022) haplotypes to osteoporosis occurrence, and a potential accumulated effect of IL-1R2 SNPs (testing accuracy = 0.5783 and CVC = 10/10) on osteoporosis susceptibility.Conclusion: IL-1R2 polymorphisms (rs11674595, rs4851527, rs2072472 and rs3218977) might contribute to osteoporosis risk among the Chinese Han population. Our finding may increase our understanding of the effects of IL-1R2 polymorphisms on the predisposition of osteoporosis.

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