SELENIUM AS A VERSATILE REAGENT IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS: MORE THAN ALLYLIC OXIDATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Thurow ◽  
Laura Abenante ◽  
João Marcos Anghinoni ◽  
Eder João Lenardão
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Selenium Dioxide ◽  
Allylic Oxidation ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Versatile Reagent

: For many years since its discovery, Selenium has played the role of a bad boy who became a hero in organic transformations. Selenium dioxide, for instance, is one of the most remembered reagents in allylic oxidations, having been applied in the synthesis of several naturally occurring products. The main goal of this review is to show the recent advances in the use of classical and new selenium reagents in organic synthesis. As demonstrated through around 60 references discussed in this study, selenium can go even forward as a versatile reagent. We bring a collection of selenium reagents and their transformations that are still hidden from most synthetic organic chemists.

tert-Butyl Nitrite (TBN) as a Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis

Synthesis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (04) ◽  
pp. 711-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Jia ◽  
Pengfei Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Radical Reactions ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Versatile Reagent

tert-Butyl nitrite (TBN) is an important metal-free reagent that is widely applied in various organic transformations. Besides its traditional applications in nitrosation and diazotization, its ability to activate molecular oxygen to enable the initiation of radical reactions, including nitration, oximation, oxidation, and so on, has attracted extensively attention in the past decade. This review highlights recent advances in this field to promote further exploration of this versatile compound.1 Introduction2 Reactions Involving TBN2.1 Nitrosation2.2 Oximation2.3 Diazotization2.4 Nitration2.5 Oxidation2.6 Other Reactions3 Conclusion and Perspective

The double and triple role of L-(+)-tartaric acid and dimethyl urea: A prevailing green approach in organic synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Ali ◽  
Ajay Kumar Chinnam ◽  
Vikas R. Aswar
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Dimethyl Urea ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

: The deep eutectic mixtures (DESs), introduced as novel alternative to usual volatile organic solvents for organic transformations has attracted a tremendous attention of the research community because of their low cost, negligible vapour pressure, low toxicity, biodegradability, recyclability, insensitive towards moisture, and readily availability from bulk renewable resources. Although, the low melting mixture of dimethyl urea (DMU)/L-(+)-tartaric acid (TA) is still infancy yet much effective as it play double and triple roles such as solvent, catalyst and/or reagent in a same pot for many crucial organic transformations. These unique properties of DMU/TA mixture prompted us to provide a quick overview of where the field stands presently, and where it might be going in near future. To our best knowledge, no review dealing with the applications of a low melting mixture of DMU/TA appeared in the literature except the one published in 2017 describing only the chemistry of indole systems. Therefore, we intended to reveal the developments of this versatile low melting mixture in the modern organic synthesis since its first report in 2011 by Köenig’s team to till date. Hopefully, the present review article will be useful to the researcher working not only in the arena of synthetic organic chemistry but also to the scientists working in other branches of science and technology.

scholarly journals Metal-Based Catalysts in Organic Synthesis

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1429
Author(s):  
Manas Sutradhar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Organic Transformations

The role of catalysts is extremely important for various organic transformations and the synthesis of organic compounds [...]

scholarly journals Recent Advances of Dicyanopyrazine (DPZ) in Photoredox Catalysis

Photochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246
Author(s):  
Vishal Srivastava ◽  
Pravin K. Singh ◽  
Arjita Srivastava ◽  
Surabhi Sinha ◽  
Praveen P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Environment ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Photoredox Catalysis ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Unique Chemical

Visible light organophotoredox catalysis has emerged as an invaluable tool for organic synthetic transformations since it works brilliantly in tandem with organic substrates and has been known to create unique chemical environment for organic transformations. Dicyanopyrazine (DPZ), a relatively lesser researched organophotoredox catalyst, has shown great potential through its catalytic activity in organic synthesis and necessitates attention of synthetic community.

Organoselenium and organotellurium compounds containing chalcogen-oxygen bonds in organic synthesis or related processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Pop ◽  
Cristian Silvestru ◽  
Anca Silvestru
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Oxidation State ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Cyclization Reactions ◽  
Chiral Species ◽  
Organotellurium Compounds ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract This chapter emphasizes aspects related to the role of organochalcogen (Se, Te) compounds with single E‒O and/or double E=O (E=Se, Te) bonds in organic synthesis, as reagents, intermediates, or catalysts, and it gives a larger extent mainly to data reported in the field during the last ten years. For each of these two heavier chalcogens the material is structured according to the oxidation state of the chalcogen and, for the same oxidation state, in sections dedicated to a particular type of compounds. Functionalization or cyclization reactions in which the organochalcogen compounds take part as nucleophiles, electrophiles or radicals, employed in various synthetic transformations, are discussed and, where available, the mechanistic aspects are outlined. New chiral species and new strategies were developed during last years in order to increase the yield, the reaction rate and the stereoselectivity in specific organic transformations, i.e. addition, oxidation, elimination, cyclization or rearrangement reactions. A notably attention was devoted to easily accessible and environmental friendly catalysts, re-usable and “green” solvents, as well as waste-free procedures.

Fine structure and properties of defects in naturally occurring silicates and oxides

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
David R. Veblen
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Image Simulations ◽  
Similar Crystal Structure

Extended defects and interfaces control many processes in rock-forming minerals, from chemical reactions to rock deformation. In many cases, it is not the average structure of a defect or interface that is most important, but rather the structure of defect terminations or offsets in an interface. One of the major thrusts of high-resolution electron microscopy in the earth sciences has been to identify the role of defect fine structures in reactions and to determine the structures of such features. This paper will review studies using HREM and image simulations to determine the structures of defects in silicate and oxide minerals and present several examples of the role of defects in mineral chemical reactions. In some cases, the geological occurrence can be used to constrain the diffusional properties of defects.The simplest reactions in minerals involve exsolution (precipitation) of one mineral from another with a similar crystal structure, and pyroxenes (single-chain silicates) provide a good example. Although conventional TEM studies have led to a basic understanding of this sort of phase separation in pyroxenes via spinodal decomposition or nucleation and growth, HREM has provided a much more detailed appreciation of the processes involved.

Tetrachlorosilane-A Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Salama ◽  
Saad Elmorsya ◽  
Mohamed Ismaila
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Versatile Reagent

A REVIEW ON RECENT ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY, SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF ISATIN DERIVATIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Shukla PK ◽  
Singh MP ◽  
Patel R
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Isatin Derivatives

Indole and its derivatives have engaged a unique place in the chemistry of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. The recognition of the plant growthhormone, heteroauxin, the significant amino acids, tryptamine & tryptophan and anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacine are the imperativederivatives of indole which have added stimulus to this review work. Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione), an indole derivative of plant origin. Althoughit is a naturally occurring compound, but was synthesized by Erdmann and Laurent in 1840 before it was found in nature. Isatin is a versatileprecursor for many biologically active molecules and its diversified nature makes it a versatile substrate for further modifications. It is concernedin many pharmacological activities like anti-malarial, antiviral, anti-allergic, antimicrobial etc; isatin and its derivatives have been also found todemonstrate promising outcomes against various cancer cell lines. This review provides a brief overview on the recent advances and futureperspectives on chemistry and biological aspects of isatin and its derivatives reported in the recent past.

The Synthesis and Application of Functionalized Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 as Heterogeneous Catalyst in Organic Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Shima Roshankar ◽  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Alireza Badiei
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Functionalized Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Silica Nanomaterials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Target Molecules

Abstract:: Mesoporous silica nanomaterials provide an extraordinary advantage for making new and superior heterogeneous catalysts because of their surface silanol groups. The functionalized mesoporous SBA-15, such as acidic, basic, BrÖnsted, lewis acid, and chiral catalysts, are used for a wide range of organic synthesis. The importance of the chiral ligands, which were immobilized on the SBA-15, was mentioned in this review to achieve chiral products as valuable target molecules. Herein, their synthesis and application in different organic transformations are reviewed from 2016 till date 2020.

1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU): A Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 790-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskara Nand ◽  
Garima Khanna ◽  
Ankita Chaudhary ◽  
Anshika Lumb ◽  
Jitender M. Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Versatile Reagent
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