Diabetes, Diabetic Complications, and Phosphate Toxicity: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 674-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Ectopic Calcification ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Serum Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes

This article presents a scoping review and synthesis of research findings investigating the toxic cellular accumulation of dysregulated inorganic phosphate—phosphate toxicity—as a pathophysiological determinant of diabetes and diabetic complications. Phosphorus, an essential micronutrient, is closely linked to the cellular metabolism of glucose for energy production, and serum inorganic phosphate is often transported into cells along with glucose during insulin therapy. Mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuronal degeneration, and pancreatic cancer are associated with dysregulated levels of phosphate in diabetes. Ectopic calcification involving deposition of calcium-phosphate crystals is prevalent throughout diabetic complications, including vascular calcification, nephropathy, retinopathy, and bone disorders. A low-glycemic, low-phosphate dietary intervention is proposed for further investigations in the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related diabetic pathologies.

scholarly journals Ectopic Calcification is Caused by Elevated Levels of Serum Inorganic Phosphate in Mdx Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namiko Kikkawa ◽  
Tomohisa Ohno ◽  
Yosuke Nagata ◽  
Masataka Shiozuka ◽  
Toshihiro Kogure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Mdx Mice ◽  
Ectopic Calcification ◽  
Serum Inorganic Phosphate

The Scoping Review of Smart Healthcare Applications in Medical Health (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Hang Wu ◽  
Ching Ju Chiu ◽  
Yen Ju Liou ◽  
Chun Ying Lee ◽  
Susan C. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Geographic Access ◽  
Smart Healthcare ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Healthcare Interventions

BACKGROUND There is still no consensus on research terms for smart healthcare worldwide. The study conducted by Lewis 10 years ago showed extending geographic access was the major health purpose of health-related information communication technology (ICT), but today's situation may be different because of the rapid development of smart healthcare. Objective: The main aim of this study is to classify recent smart healthcare interventions. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted as a feasible tool for exploring this domain and summarizing related research findings. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study is to classify recent smart healthcare interventions. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted as a feasible tool for exploring this domain and summarizing related research findings. METHODS The scoping review relies on the analysis of previous reviews of smart healthcare interventions assessed for their effectiveness in the framework of a systematic review and/or meta-analysis. The search strategy was based on the identification of smart healthcare interventions reported as the proposed keywords. In the analysis, the reviews published from January 2015 to December 2019 were included. RESULTS The number of publications for smart healthcare's systematic reviews has continued to grow in the past five years. The search strategy yielded 210 systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses addressed to target groups of interest. 68.5% of these publications used mobile health as a keyword. According to the classification by Lewis, 37.62% of the literature was applied to extend geographic access. According to the classification by the Joint Commission of Taiwan (JCT), 48.84% of smart healthcare was applied in clinical areas, and 60% of it was applied in outpatient medical services. CONCLUSIONS Smart healthcare interventions are being widely used in clinical settings and for disease management. The research of mobile health has received the most attention among smart healthcare interventions. The main purpose of mobile health was used to extend geographic access to increase medical accessibility in clinical areas. CLINICALTRIAL none

scholarly journals The History of Adversity and Collective Strength of Individuals of Mexican Ancestry in the United States: A Scoping Literature Review and Emerging Conceptual Framework

Genealogy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Araceli Orozco-Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Trauma Narratives ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Baseline Knowledge

Recently, Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) have encountered an escalation in adverse social conditions and trauma events in the United States. For individuals of Mexican ancestry in the United States (IMA-US), these recent events represent the latest chapter in their history of adversity: a history that can help us understand their social and health disparities. This paper utilized a scoping review to provide a historical and interdisciplinary perspective on discussions of mental health and substance use disorders relevant to IMA-US. The scoping review process yielded 16 peer reviewed sources from various disciplines, published from 1998 through 2018. Major themes included historically traumatic events, inter-generational responses to historical trauma, and vehicles of transmission of trauma narratives. Recommendations for healing from historical and contemporary oppression are discussed. This review expands the clinical baseline knowledge relevant to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of contemporary traumatic exposures for IMA-US.

Inorganic phosphate homeostasis in sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter Npt2b+/− mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (5) ◽  
pp. F1105-F1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Ohi ◽  
Etsuyo Hanabusa ◽  
Otoya Ueda ◽  
Hiroko Segawa ◽  
Naoshi Horiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Phosphate Binders ◽  
Ectopic Calcification ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Transporter Protein ◽  
Sodium Dependent

An inorganic phosphate (Pi)-restricted diet is important for patients with chronic kidney disease and patients on hemodialysis. Phosphate binders are essential for preventing hyperphosphatemia and ectopic calcification. The sodium-dependent Pi (Na/Pi) transport system is involved in intestinal Pi absorption and is regulated by several factors. The type II sodium-dependent Pi transporter Npt2b is expressed in the brush-border membrane in intestinal epithelial cells and transports Pi. In the present study, we analyzed the phenotype of Npt2b−/− and hetero+/− mice. Npt2b−/− mice died in utero soon after implantation, indicating that Npt2b is essential for early embryonic development. At 4 wk of age, Npt2b+/− mice showed hypophosphatemia and low urinary Pi excretion. Plasma fibroblast growth factor 23 levels were significantly decreased and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels were significantly increased in Npt2b+/− mice compared with Npt2b+/+ mice. Npt2b mRNA levels were reduced to 50% that in Npt2b+/+ mice. In contrast, renal Npt2a and Npt2c transporter protein levels were significantly increased in Npt2b+/− mice. At 20 wk of age, Npt2b+/− mice showed hypophosphaturia and reduced Na/Pi cotransport activity in the distal intestine. Npt2b+/+ mice with adenine-induced renal failure had hyperphosphatemia and high plasma creatinine levels. Npt2b+/− mice treated with adenine had significantly reduced plasma Pi levels compared with Npt2b+/+ mice. Intestinal Npt2b protein and Na+/Pi transport activity levels were significantly lower in Npt2b+/− mice than in the Npt2b+/+ mice. The findings of the present studies suggest that Npt2b is an important target for the prevention of hyperphosphatemia.

scholarly journals Exercise in the Treatment and Prevention of Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri R. Colberg ◽  
Carmine R. Grieco
Keyword(s):  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes

scholarly journals Genomics research in Africa and its impact on global health: insights from African researchers

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Munung ◽  
B. M. Mayosi ◽  
J. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Genomics Research ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
High Disease Burden

Africa may be heading for an era of genomics medicine. There are also expectations that genomics may play a role in reducing global health inequities. However, the near lack of genomics studies on African populations has led to concerns that genomics may widen, rather than close, the global health inequity gap. To prevent a possible genomics divide, the genomics ‘revolution’ has been extended to Africa. This is motivated, in part, by Africa's rich genetic diversity and high disease burden. What remains unclear, however, are the prospects of using genomics technology for healthcare in Africa. In this qualitative study, we explored the views of 17 genomics researchers in Africa on the prospects and challenges of genomics medicine in Africa. Interviewees were researchers in Africa who were involved in genomics research projects in Africa. Analysis of in-depth interviews suggest that genomics medicine may have an impact on disease surveillance, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. However, Africa's capacity for genomics medicine, current research priorities in genomics and the translation of research findings will be key defining factors impacting on the ability of genomics medicine to improve healthcare in Africa.

scholarly journals Targeting mitochondrial biogenesis: a potential approach for preventing and controlling diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritika Singh ◽  
Lucy Mohapatra ◽  
Alok Shiomurthi Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance ◽  
Mitochondrial Number

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a lingering hyperglycemic ailment resulting in several life-threatening difficulties. Enduring hyperglycemia often persuades the buildup of reactive oxygen species that are the significant pathological makers of diabetic complications. The mitochondrial dysfunction, with mitochondrial damage and too much production of reactive oxygen species, have been proposed to be convoluted in the progress of insulin resistance. Numerous studies advocate that agents that enhance the mitochondrial number and/or decrease their dysfunction, could be greatly helpful in management of diabetes and its complications. Main body Mitochondrial biogenesis is an extremely delimited procedure arbitrated by numerous transcription influences, in which mitochondrial fusion and fission happen in synchronization in a standard vigorous cell. But this synchronization is greatly disturbed in diabetic condition designated by modification in the working of several important transcription factors regulating the expressions of different genes. Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations have suggested that, the compromised functions of mitochondria play a significant protagonist in development of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, skeletal muscle insulin resistance and several diabetic complications. However, there are several phytoconstituents performing through numerous alleyways, either unswervingly by motivating biogenesis or indirectly by constraining or averting dysfunction and producing a beneficial effect on overall function of the mitochondria. Conclusion This review describes standard mitochondrial physiology and anomalous modifications that transpire in answer to persistent hyperglycemia in diabetes condition. It also discusses about the different phytoconstituents that can affect the biogenesis pathways of mitochondria and thus can be used in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.

scholarly journals Biochemical Bone Markers for Early Detection of Osteopaenia of Prematurity

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Ismat Jahan ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
Sanjoy Kumer Dey ◽  
Sadeka Choudhury Moni ◽  
Mohammod Shahidullah
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve ◽  
Serum Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Medical University

Osteopaenia of prematurity (OOP) imposes the risk of fractures and growth failure to premature infants. Studies have investigated the validity of biochemical markers of osteopaenia but till date it is not established. So, this study was intended to examine the diagnostic performance of biochemical markers in early detection of osteopaenia of prematurity. This prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Department of Neonatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University during June 2013 to February 2014. A total of 100 premature infants with gestational age ? 34 weeks were consecutively included over 9 months period. Serum alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium and serum inorganic phosphates were measured from 1 week of chronological age until corrected term age. At corrected term age, radiologic examination was done for the assessment of osteopaenia. Of the enrolled infants, 36/78 (46%) developed radiological evidence of osteopaenia. Serum inorganic phosphate level was significantly less in osteopaenic infants than non-osteopaenic infants throughout first two months of life (p <0.001). The area under ROC curve for serum inorganic phosphate was 85% (p = 0.001). If the cut off value of serum inorganic phosphate was set at 3.6 mg/dl, then a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 49% were obtained. Low serum inorganic phosphate at 3 weeks of life can be used as a marker for early detection of osteopaenia of prematurity. 

Abstract PO-120: Need for more sociodemographic data in qualitative childhood cancer research: Findings from a scoping review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Burack ◽  
Eric M. Wiedenman ◽  
Melanie Ward ◽  
Lindsay Kaufman ◽  
Thembekile Shato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Sociodemographic Data ◽  
Research Findings
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