Evaluation of Aortic Distensibility in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver using CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Yang ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Zengfa Huang ◽  
Shutong Zhang ◽  
Yuanliang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
D Value

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted considerable attention with continuously increasing morbidity. Objective: To evaluate the aortic distensibility in patients with non-diabetes and hypertension-type nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) through dual-source computed tomography(DSCT). Method: 120 patients with NAFLD (experimental group) and 30 healthy subjects (control group) were consecutively enrolled in the study. In the two groups, aortic distensibility was calculated as follows: D = △A/(A0 ×△p). Record fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, fasting lipid status, age, heart rate, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Calculate homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body mass index (BMI). A comparative analysis between the two groups was carried out, followed by correlation analysis between D value and risk factors. Results: D value and liver attenuation of the patients in the NAFLD group were significantly reduced relative to those in the control group (2.24±0.63×10-3mmHg-1 vs. 3.19±0.86×10-3mmHg-1, P＜0.001 and 41±6HU vs. 53±5HU, P＜0.001, respectively) and their fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, HOMA-IR, and BMI were higher than those in the control group. Liver attenuation, HOMA-IR, age, and BMI were significantly correlated with D value in the NAFLD group. The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis indicates that Liver attenuation and HOMA-IR were the significant risk factors for D value (β coefficient =0.43, P =0.001, and β coefficient =-0.33, P =0.02, respectively). Conclusion: Patients with NAFLD suffer from a reduction in aortic distensibility, and insulin resistance may play a significant role in the early atherosclerosis stage.

Adiponectin is Inversely Associated with Insulin Resistance in Adolescents with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Huan Zheng ◽  
Guanghui Liu ◽  
Zhiling Li
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Significant Determinant ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Insulin resistance(IR) is confirmed as a key feature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children and adolescents. Numerous studies report that adiponectin (APN) levels are inversely associated with the status of IR in adults with NAFLD. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum total APNand homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) in adolescents with NAFLD. Methods: 382 newly-diagnosed NAFLD adolescents, aged 9-16 years old, were enrolled and divided into 3 subgroups according to the APNtertile. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the correlation between HOMA-IR and APN in boys and girls, respectively. Results: The HOMA-IR values tended to decrease in boys according to APN tertiles: 5.6(4.4-7.3) vs. 5.2(4.6-6.9) vs. 4.9(4.1-5.8) (P<0.01), and there was a significant difference in the HOMA-IR values among three APN tertile subgroups in girls(P<0.01).Univariate analysis showed thatbody mass index, waist circumference, weight-to-height ratio, fasting blood glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and APN were significantly associated with HOMA-IR in boys (P<0.05). In girls, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and APN were significantly associated with HOMA-IR (P<0.05).APN was found to be a significant determinant for HOMA-IR only in boys (β=-0.147, P<0.01). Conclusion: Our findings showed that APN was an independent and significant determinant for increased HOMA-IR in boys with NAFLD. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Histopathologic Evaluation of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Hypothyroidism-Induced Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şule Demir ◽  
Mustafa Ünübol ◽  
Serap Ünübol Aypak ◽  
Emrah İpek ◽  
Serdar Aktaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Difference

It is speculated that thyroid hormones may be involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis. A literature scan, however, demonstrated conflicting results from studies investigating the relationship between hypothyroidism and NAFLD. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate NAFLD, from the histopathologic perspective, in hypothyroidism-induced rats. Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups: the experimental group consumed water containing methimazole 0.025% (MMI, Sigma, USA) for 12 weeks and the control group consumed tap water. At the end of week 12, serum glucose, ALT, AST, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, TSH, fT4, fT3, visfatin, and insulin assays were performed. Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and “Oil Red-O” for histopathologic examination of the livers. In our study, we detected mild hepatosteatosis in all hypothyroidism-induced rats. There was statistically significant difference with respect to obesity between the two groups (p<0.001). The mean fasting blood glucose was 126.25 ± 23.4 mg/dL in hypothyroidism-induced group and 102.63 ± 15.51 mg/dL in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.032). The two groups did not differ statistically significantly with respect to visfatin levels (p>0.05). In conclusion, we found that hypothyroidism-induced rats had mild hepatosteatosis as opposed to the control group histopathologically. Our study indicates that hypothyroidism can cause NAFLD.

scholarly journals NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY DISEASE FROM A BRAZIL NORTHEAST AREA

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuêlo Padilha VILAR ◽  
Helma Pinchemel COTRIM ◽  
Gesira Soares Assis FLORENTINO ◽  
Gerson BRAGAGNOLI ◽  
Paulo Adriano SCHWINGEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Relationship

Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent chronic liver injury around the world. It is associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Objective To evaluate the frequency and relevance of NAFLD in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients from a Brazil Northeast area, who underwent elective coronary angiography (CAG) from 2009 to 2010 were included. All of them had suspicion of CAD. Criteria to CAD: presence of obstructive lesions in the epicardial coronary arteries, or in their major branches. NAFLD criteria: presence of hepatic steatosis on ultrasound; exclusion of other liver diseases; ethanol intake ≤ 20g/day. Statistics analysis included Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney and Pearson’s chi-squared test. Multivariate regression analysis measured the relationship between the risk factors and the concomitant presence of CAD and NAFLD. Results A total of 244 patients were evaluated: 63.5% had CAD and 42.2% had NAFLD. NAFLD was observed in 43.9% of the CAD patients. The regression analysis showed that the relationship between CAD and NAFLD was positively correlated with HOMA-IR ≥3.0 or insulin resistance and overweight/obesity. Conclusion NAFLD was frequent among CAD patients; insulin resistance and overweight/obesity were the most relevant risk factors related to the association NAFLD and CAD. The results suggest that patients with CAD should be evaluated for NAFLD.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Nonobese Subjects of African Origin Has Atypical Metabolic Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 2051-2063
Author(s):  
Debbie S Thompson ◽  
Ingrid A Tennant ◽  
Deanne P Soares ◽  
Clive Osmond ◽  
Chris D Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Background Nonobese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is reported in several populations. However, because persons of African origin display unique fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles, we investigated fatty liver in nonobese persons of African origin. Method We recruited 78 urban Jamaican volunteers. CT was used to estimate liver and abdominal fat and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure body composition. Fasting blood was collected for lipids, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), adiponectin, and fetuin-A. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI), insulinogenic index (IGI), and oral disposition index (oDI) were calculated after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Results Fifty-two percent of participants were male; mean (±SD) age was 28.5 ± 7.8 years, and body mass index was 22.4 ± 3.0 kg/m2. Mean liver attenuation (MLA) and liver/spleen (LS) ratio, both inversely correlated to liver fat, were 62.8 ± 4.3 HU and 1.2 ± 0.1, respectively; 3.8% of participants had liver fat >30% (LS ratio < 1). In age, sex, and BMI-adjusted correlations, MLA was negatively associated with weight (r = −0.30; P = 0.009) and height (r = −0.28; P = 0.017) and was associated with fasting glucose (r = 0.23; P = 0.05), fasting insulin (r = 0.42; P ≤ 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.35; P = 0.004). Serum lipids, ALT, adiponectin, fetuin-A, WBISI, IGI, and oDI were not associated with liver fat. Conclusions In nonobese Afro-Caribbean participants, greater liver fat was associated with weight and height and lower fasting insulin and hyperinsulinemia appears to be influential in the reduction of NAFLD. These findings may be influenced by ethnicity, body size, and method of estimating liver fat.

scholarly journals Intact Fasting Insulin Identifies Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients Without Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Bril ◽  
Michael J McPhaul ◽  
Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli ◽  
Romina Lomonaco ◽  
Diana Barb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Context Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are characterized by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism. However, insulin resistance measurements have not been shown to be good diagnostic tools to predict NAFLD in prior studies. Objective We aimed to assess a newly validated method to measure intact molecules of insulin by mass spectrometry to predict NAFLD. Methods Patients underwent a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), a liver magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and a percutaneous liver biopsy if they had a diagnosis of NAFLD. Mass spectrometry was used to measure intact molecules of insulin and C-peptide. Results A total of 180 patients were recruited (67% male; 52 ± 11 years of age; body mass index [BMI] 33.2 ± 5.7 kg/m2; 46% with diabetes and 65% with NAFLD). Intact fasting insulin was higher in patients with NAFLD, irrespective of diabetes status. Patients with NAFLD without diabetes showed ~4-fold increase in insulin secretion during the OGTT compared with all other subgroups (P = 0.008). Fasting intact insulin measurements predicted NAFLD in patients without diabetes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] of 0.90 [0.84-0.96]). This was significantly better than measuring insulin by radioimmunoassay (AUC 0.80 [0.71-0.89]; P = 0.007). Intact fasting insulin was better than other clinical variables (eg, aspartate transaminase, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, glucose, HbA1c, and BMI) to predict NAFLD. When combined with alanine transaminase (ALT) (intact insulin × ALT), it detected NAFLD with AUC 0.94 (0.89-0.99) and positive and negative predictive values of 93% and 88%, respectively. This newly described approach was significantly better than previously validated noninvasive scores such as NAFLD-LFS (P = 0.009), HSI (P &lt; 0.001), and TyG index (P = 0.039). Conclusion In patients without diabetes, accurate measurement of fasting intact insulin levels by mass spectrometry constitutes an easy and noninvasive strategy to predict presence of NAFLD.

scholarly journals The Influence of Metabolic Factors for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goh Eun Chung ◽  
Jeong Yoon Yim ◽  
Donghee Kim ◽  
Seon Hee Lim ◽  
Jong In Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Background/Aims. Women after menopause have increased insulin resistance and visceral fat, which may increase the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the pathogenesis of NAFLD in women has not been clearly defined. In this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors for NAFLD in women.Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Women who underwent abdominal ultrasonography and blood sampling for routine health check-ups were recruited.Results. Among 1,423 subjects, 695 women (48.9%) were in a menopausal state. The prevalence of NAFLD was higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women (27.2% versus 14.4%,P<0.001). In premenopausal women, low HDL-cholesterol, central obesity, and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance showed a significant association with the increased risk of NAFLD in multivariate analysis. In postmenopausal women, the presence of diabetes, triglyceridemia, and central obesity showed a significant association with the risk of NAFLD. The presence of menopause and hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women were not risk factors for NAFLD.Conclusions. Our findings showed different metabolic factors for NAFLD in pre- and postmenopausal women. However, the key issues are the same: central obesity and insulin resistance. These results reemphasize the importance of metabolic factors irrespective of menopausal status in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in women.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight Children and its Relationship with Retinol Serum Levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suano de Souza ◽  
Silverio Amancio ◽  
Saccardo Sarni ◽  
Sacchi Pitta ◽  
Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the retinol serum levels, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children. To relate these biochemical variables with the risk of this disease in the population studied. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and prospective, with 46 overweight/obese school children (28 female, 18 male; mean age 8.6 years). The control group consisted of 45 children, paired by age and gender. Hepatic steatosis, evaluated by ultrasound, was classified as normal, mild, moderate, or severe. Also evaluated were serum retinol levels; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; lipid profile; and fasting glucose and serum insulin levels, used for the calculation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment. Results: Hepatic ultrasound alterations were found in 56.5% and 48,9% of the overweight/obese and control group children, respectively. Presence of obesity was associated with high levels of triglycerides (OR = 4.6; P = 0.002). In the studied children, the risk of steatosis was related to a trend to a higher percentage of retinol inadequacy (OR = 2.8; p = 0.051); there was no association with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid profile, or insulin resistance. Conclusions: The high frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in both groups, evaluated by hepatic ultrasound, in low-socioeconomic level children, independent of nutritional condition and without significant association with insulin resistance, emphasizes that especially in developing countries, other risk factors such as micronutrient deficiencies (e.g. vitamin A) are involved.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luting Peng ◽  
Su Wu ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Shanliang Zhu ◽  
Qianqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nash Group

Abstract Background With the increasing number of children with obesity worldwide, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disease among children. It is necessary to recognize the risk factors of NAFLD for prevention in childhood since NAFLD is asymptomatic in the early stage. Objectives. The objective of this study was to investigate possible risk factors of NAFLD in children with obesity, providing evidence for monitoring and prevention strategies at an early stage for obese children with NAFLD. Methods Data were collected from 428 children and adolescents aged 6-16 years recruited from the Children’s Hospital at Nanjing Medical University from September 2015 to April 2018 and analyzed. Based on a combination of ultrasound results and alanine transaminase levels, subjects were divided into three groups: simple obesity (SOB), simple steatosis (SS), and nonalcoholic fatty hepatitis (NASH). Blood biochemical examination included glucose, insulin, uric acid, lipid profile and liver enzymes. Results Among 428 children with obesity, 235 (54.9%) had SS and 45 (10.5%) had NASH. Body mass index, body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), waist circumference, body fat, liver enzymes, uric acid and HOMA-IR level were significantly higher in the NASH group than in the SS and SOB groups (p < 0.001). 53.3% of the SS group and 49.8% of the NASH group had metabolic syndrome, significantly more than in the SOB group (19.6%, p < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding factors, logistic regression models revealed that NASH was associated with BMI-SDS ≥ 3, gender, hyperuricemia and insulin resistance. Conclusions The prevalence of NASH in children with obesity is closely related to high BMI-SDS, gender, insulin resistance and hyperuricemia. These findings provide evidence that monitoring risk factors of childhood obesity can assist in developing prevention strategies for liver disease at an early stage.

scholarly journals Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 gain-of-function mutation aggravates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease but does not cause insulin resistance in a murine model*

Hepatology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 566-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Aparicio-Vergara ◽  
Pascal P.H. Hommelberg ◽  
Marijke Schreurs ◽  
Nanda Gruben ◽  
Rinke Stienstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Necrosis Factor
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