SARS-CoV-2 Spread Dynamics in Italy: The Calabria Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovico Abenavoli ◽  
Pietro Cinaglia ◽  
Anna Caterina Procopio ◽  
Raffaele Serra ◽  
Isabella Aquila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
First Case ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Italian National Health Service ◽  
Spread Dynamics ◽  
Italian National Health ◽  
Negative Growth

Introduction: The first case of infection by SARS-CoV-2 (i.e., COVID-19) has been officially recorded by the Italian National Health Service on February 21st, 2020. Lombardy was the first Italian region to be affected by the pandemic. Subsequently, the entire Northern part of Italy recorded a high number of cases, while the South was hit following the migratory waves. On March 8th, the Italian Government has issued a decree that imposed a total lockdown defined as a state of isolation and restricted access in Lombardy and in the other 14 provinces of Northern Italy. Methods: We analyzed the virus trend in the period between February 24th and September 8th, 2020, focusing on Calabria, with regards to the following items: new positives, change of total positives and total cases. Furthermore, we included other information, such as the incubation period, symptom resolution period, quarantine period. Results: On March 27th, the epidemic curve spiked with 101 new positive cases validating the hypothesis that this abnormal event was related to the displacement of non-residents people, living in the Northern part of Italy, to the home regions in the South. The epidemic curve showed a decreasing trend in the period after lockdown proving the effectiveness of this measure. From the end of the lockdown (May 04th) to September 8th, the registered trend was -94.51%. A negative growth rate indicates that the number of new positive cases is lower than the number of healed patients. Conclusion: This study describes the effectiveness of the Italian Government policy, particularly the role of lockdown, for the containment of SARS-CoV-2 contagion in Calabria, a region with a low SARS-CoV-2 infection rate within the registered period.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Related to COVID-19 during Italian Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Ludovico Abenavoli ◽  
Pietro Cinaglia ◽  
Giuditta Lombardo ◽  
Eduardo Boffoli ◽  
Miriam Scida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Magna Graecia ◽  
First Case ◽  
Italian National Health Service ◽  
Italian National Health ◽  
The University

The first case of infection by SARS-CoV-2 (i.e., COVID-19) was officially recorded by the Italian National Health Service on 21 February 2020. Respiratory tract manifestations are the most common symptoms, such as gastrointestinal symptoms (GISs) like nausea or sickness, diarrhea, and anorexia, and psychological effects may be reported in affected individuals. However, similar symptoms may be observed in healthy people as a consequence of an anxiety state. Methods: We analyzed GISs and anxiety state during the COVID-19 lockdown period; from 9 March 2020 to 4 May 2020. A web-based survey consisting of 131 items was administered to 354 students affiliated with the School of Medicine of the University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro; Italy. A set of statistical analyses was performed to analyze the relationships among the answers to assess a correlation between the topics of interest. Results: The statistical analysis showed that 54.0% of interviewed reported at least one GISs, 36.16% of which reported a positive history for familial GISs (FGISs). The 354 subjects included in our cohort may be stratified as follows: 25.99% GISs and FGISs, 27.97% GISs and no-FGISs, 10.17% no-GISs and FGISs, 35.87% no-GISs and no-FGISs. Results indicated an anxiety state for 48.9% of respondents, of which 64.74% also presented GISs. In addition, considered dietary habits, we detect the increased consumption of hypercaloric food, sweetened drinks, and alcoholic beverages. Conclusions: The increase of GISs during the lockdown period in a population of medical students, may be correlated to both dietary habits and anxiety state due to a concern for one’s health.

scholarly journals Immigrazione e salute mentale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Mazzetti ◽  
Salvatore Geraci
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Italian National Health Service ◽  
Italian National Health ◽  
Forced Migrants ◽  
In Transit

This chapter discusses psychopathological issues related to migration with particular attention to the so-called “forced migrants”, migrants who are forced to flee their countries to save themselves due to violence. As a consequence, they are more at risk for mental health issues due to the lack of a migration project (which is a resilience factor in migrants) and to the psychotraumatic experiences they suffered. We will describe the psychopathological reactions in traumatized persons, the effect of re-traumatization they suffer in transit countries, the role of Post-Migration Living Difficulties occurring in Italy in worsening mental health of asylum seekers. Finally, we will discuss present difficulties of the Italian National Health Service to adequately cure them, and the indication given by the Italian National Guidelines to create services dedicated to these issues.

Literary Histories

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva-Marie Kröller
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Literary History ◽  
English Language ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
Cultural Elite ◽  
Historical Methodology ◽  
Literary Histories

This chapter discusses national literary histories in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the South Pacific and summarises the book's main findings regarding the construction and revision of narratives of national identity since 1950. In colonial and postcolonial cultures, literary history is often based on a paradox that says much about their evolving sense of collective identity, but perhaps even more about the strains within it. The chapter considers the complications typical of postcolonial literary history by focusing on the conflict between collective celebration and its refutation. It examines three issues relating to the histories of English-language fiction in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the South Pacific: problems of chronology and beginnings, with a special emphasis on Indigenous peoples; the role of the cultural elite and the history wars in the Australian context; and the influence of postcolonial networks on historical methodology.

Fluid Multilingual Practices among Youth in Cameroon and Mozambique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torun Reite ◽  
Francis Badiang Oloko ◽  
Manuel Armando Guissemo
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Urban Youth ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
The South ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The Social

Inspired by recent epistemological and ontological debates aimed at unsettling and reshaping conceptions of language, this essay discusses how mainstream sociolinguistics offers notions meaningful for studying contexts of the South. Based on empirical studies of youth in two African cities, Yaoundé in Cameroon and Maputo in Mozambique, the essay engages with “fluid modernity” and “enregisterment” to unravel the role that fluid multilingual practices play in the social lives of urban youth. The empirically grounded theoretical discussion shows how recent epistemologies and ontologies offer inroads to more pluriversal knowledge production. The essay foregrounds: i) the role of language in the sociopolitical battles of control over resources, and ii) speakers’ reflexivity and metapragmatic awareness of register formations of fluid multilingual practices. Moreover, it shows how bundles of localized meanings construct belongings and counterhegemonic discourses, as well as demonstrating speakers’ differential valuations and perceptions of boundaries and transgressions across social space.

scholarly journals Deutsche Schule urbana - Collegio Allemão de Pelotas na rota da Verein Für das Deutschtum im Ausland (V.D.A.), 1921-1925, 1933 / Urban Deutsche Schule – German College of Pelotas on the Verein Für das Deutschtum im Ausland (V.D.A.) Route, 1921-1925, 1933

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Maria Angela Peter da Fonseca ◽  
Elomar Antonio Callegaro Tambara
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The South ◽  
Educational Project ◽  
Cultura Escolar ◽  
Didactic Material ◽  
German College

Neste artigo enfoca-se o papel dos visitantes que chegavam à Deutsche Schule urbana, Collegio Allemão de Pelotas, no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, provenientes da Verein für das Deutschtum im Ausland (V.D.A.), (Sociedade de Apoio ao Deutschtum no Exterior), em 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 e 1933, situada em Hamburgo e Berlim, na Alemanha. O objetivo desses visitantes era inspecionar o projeto educacional alemão e a manutenção do Deutschtum, que mesclava elementos do nacionalismo alemão, vigente, à cultura escolar deste educandário em tempos de Nacionalização do Ensino no Brasil. Consequência dessas visitas era o envio de livros, material didático e professores alemães, bem como a troca de correspondência entre os alunos do educandário de Pelotas e alunos alemães. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental cujas fontes principais são os Relatórios Escolares da Deutsche Schule de Pelotas dos anos 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 e 1933.* * *This paper focuses on the role of visitors arriving at the urban Deutsche Schule, German College of Pelotas, in the south of Rio Grande do Sul from the Verein für das Deutschtum im Ausland (VDA), a Society for Supporting Deutschtum Abroad, in 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 and 1933, located in Hamburg and Berlin, Germany. The purpose of these visitors was to inspect the German educational project and the maintenance of the Deutschtum, which merged elements of German nationalism, in force, into the school culture of this educandário in times of Nationalization of Teaching in Brazil. The consequence of these visits was the sending of books, didactic material and German teachers, as well as the exchange of correspondence between the students of the educator of Pelotas and German students. It is a qualitative, bibliographical and documentary research whose main sources are the School Reports of the Deutsche Schule of Pelotas of years 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 and 1933.

scholarly journals Trend of COVID-19 cases and health sector response in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Meghnath Dhimal ◽  
Tamanna Neupane ◽  
Samir Kumar Adhikari ◽  
Pradip Gyanwali
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Isolation Facilities

We are facing global pandemic of novel corona virus diseases COVID-19 which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This paper is aimed to assess trend of COVID-19 cases and health sector response in Nepal. We reviewed WHO databases to observe the global trends and epidemiology of COVID-19 as well as daily situation updated reports of Health Emergency and Operation Centre (HEOC), guidelines, national and international government documents. The first case of COVID was reported in Nepal on 23 January 2020 and number of cases reached 454 on 21 May 2020. In order to address the increasing number of cases of COVID-19, Government of Nepal is adopting various preventive measures like extending lockdown period, setting up quarantine and isolation facilities, sealing borders, suspending flights, closing public places etc. There is need of joint effort by individuals, communities and government to prevent the further spread and flatten epidemic curve in Nepal.

scholarly journals Truth and reconciliation in South Africa: Hindu experiences and concerns

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G.J. Meiring
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation Commission ◽  
Faith Communities ◽  
The South ◽  
Reconciliation Commission ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation ◽  
Hindu Community ◽  
The Way

The author who served on the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), focuses on the Hindu experience in South Africa during the apartheid years. At a special TRC Hearing for Faith Communities (East London, 17-19 November 1997) two submissions by local Hindu leaders were tabled. Taking his cues from those submissions, the author discusses four issues: the way the Hindu community suffered during these years, the way in which some members of the Hindu community supported the system of apartheid, the role of Hindus in the struggle against apartheid, and finally the contribution of the Hindu community towards reconciliation in South Africa. In conclusion some notes on how Hindus and Christians may work together in th

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