scholarly journals Trend of COVID-19 cases and health sector response in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Meghnath Dhimal ◽  
Tamanna Neupane ◽  
Samir Kumar Adhikari ◽  
Pradip Gyanwali
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Isolation Facilities

We are facing global pandemic of novel corona virus diseases COVID-19 which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This paper is aimed to assess trend of COVID-19 cases and health sector response in Nepal. We reviewed WHO databases to observe the global trends and epidemiology of COVID-19 as well as daily situation updated reports of Health Emergency and Operation Centre (HEOC), guidelines, national and international government documents. The first case of COVID was reported in Nepal on 23 January 2020 and number of cases reached 454 on 21 May 2020. In order to address the increasing number of cases of COVID-19, Government of Nepal is adopting various preventive measures like extending lockdown period, setting up quarantine and isolation facilities, sealing borders, suspending flights, closing public places etc. There is need of joint effort by individuals, communities and government to prevent the further spread and flatten epidemic curve in Nepal.

Forecast of COVID-19 Cases in Nigeria: An implementation of an ARIMA model (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanyaolu Ameye ◽  
Michael Awoleye ◽  
Emmanuel Agogo ◽  
Ette Etuk
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Epidemiological Trend ◽  
Data Points

BACKGROUND The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) is a global pandemic and Nigeria is not left out in being affected. Though, the disease is just over three months since first case was identified in the country, we present a predictive model to forecast the number of cases expected to be seen in the country in the next 100 days. OBJECTIVE To implement a predictive model in forecasting the near future number of positive cases expected in the country following the present trend METHODS We performed an Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model prediction on the epidemiological data obtained from Nigerian Centre for Disease Control to predict the epidemiological trend of the prevalence and incidence of COVID-2019. RESULTS There were 93 time series data points which lacked stationarity. From our ARIMA model, it is expected that the number of new cases declared per day will keep rising and towards the early September, 2020, Nigeria is expected to have well above sixty thousand confirmed cases. CONCLUSIONS We however believe that as we have more data points our model will be better fine-tuned.

scholarly journals Progression and Trends in Virus from Influenza A to COVID-19: An Overview of Recent Studies

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Hakimeh Baghaei Daemi ◽  
Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar ◽  
Xinlin He ◽  
Chengfei Li ◽  
Morteza Karimpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
World Health ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Influenza is a highly known contagious viral infection that has been responsible for the death of many people in history with pandemics. These pandemics have been occurring every 10 to 30 years in the last century. The most recent global pandemic prior to COVID-19 was the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. A decade ago, the H1N1 virus caused 12,500 deaths in just 19 months globally. Now, again, the world has been challenged with another pandemic. Since December 2019, the first case of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection was detected in Wuhan. This infection has risen rapidly throughout the world; even the World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19 as a worldwide emergency to ensure human health and public safety. This review article aims to discuss important issues relating to COVID-19, including clinical, epidemiological, and pathological features of COVID-19 and recent progress in diagnosis and treatment approaches for the COVID-19 infection. We also highlight key similarities and differences between COVID-19 and influenza A to ensure the theoretical and practical details of COVID-19.

Will Nurses’ Work Still be Valued after the COVID-19 Pandemic?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquot L ◽  
◽  
Giorgetta S ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Public Places ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Infection ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Second Wave

Many are the aspects we should ponder on, after 17 months from the burst of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially as nurses. Due to the numerous cuts to the public health sector in the last decades in Italy, the sanitary emergency has been a great sacrifice for health professionals, as public health was completely unprepared to withstand it. The Italian government reacted to this lack of preparation with exceptionally urgent measures. Although, these measures were implemented long after the initial state of confusion and of inappropriate management, they brought about stability and led to a containment strategy for the spread of the virus across the nation [1]. The reduction in the number of COVID-19 diagnoses was mainly achieved through social distancing. At first this was only required to a small number of communities affected by high infection rates, but was eventually extended to the rest of the country from March 2020 [2]. The national lockdown during the first COVID-19 wave (from March to May 2020), was replaced by regional lockdowns in the second wave (from November 2020). As of now, regional lockdowns are integrated by the vaccine campaign and Green Pass enforcement. In November 2020 the Italian Prime Minister at the time, issued legislative measures to enforce regional lockdowns, limiting nonessential movements, cafes, restaurants and other public places opening hours. This legislation established to classify the national territory in different levels of restriction based on the infection rate: red zones - highest risk of infection, orange zones - medium high risk and yellow zones with a minor risk of infection. A later legislation introduced the white zone for territories with the lowest risk of infection (DPCM-14th January 2021). The infection rate has been important to establish a region’s tier status; however, it is not the defining parameter anymore. A new legislation from July 2021 (n.105 - 23rd July 2021), opted to classify a region’s tier status according to the hospital bed’s occupancy rate for COVID-19 patients in intensive care and other medical areas.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI BUDIDAYA JAMUR TIRAM UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN KEMANDIRIAN BERWIRAUSAHA DI ERA NEW NORMAL PADA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI (KWT) MAJU BERSAMA DUSUN PELEMPAT KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mey Susanti AS ◽  
Dewi Rispawati ◽  
Basuki Srihermanto ◽  
Suryaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Indonesia reported the first case of Covid-19 on March 2, 2020. Data as of March 31, 2020 showed that there were 1.528 confirmed cases and 136 deaths. The Covid-19 death rate in Indonesia is 8.9%, the highest in Southeast Asia. After confirming the first case, the Government of Indonesia took various countermeasures to reduce the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in various sectors. Not only the health sector but also the economic sector has suffered no less serious impacts due to this pandemic. At the family level, the small and middle levels of society become weak and decline, this is due to restrictions on community activities. Due to these conditions, it is necessary to make efforts that we must do to be able to restore the economic condition of the family by utilizing the potential that exists around it. This service was carried out at the Women Farmers Group called ‘Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Maju Bersama’  Pelempat, Meninting Village, West Lombok District, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The method used in this activity is implemented in 4 (four) activity stages, namely 1) Preparation, 2) Socialization, 3) Activity Implementation, and 4) Monitoring and Evaluation. The results of the activity showed that members of  Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Maju Bersama have understood the technique of developing oyster mushroom cultivation and have high motivation to become entrepreneurs through cultivating oyster mushrooms as well as making it to increase people's income in the New Normal Era of the Covid-19 pandemic.

SARS-CoV-2 Spread Dynamics in Italy: The Calabria Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovico Abenavoli ◽  
Pietro Cinaglia ◽  
Anna Caterina Procopio ◽  
Raffaele Serra ◽  
Isabella Aquila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
First Case ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Italian National Health Service ◽  
Spread Dynamics ◽  
Italian National Health ◽  
Negative Growth

Introduction: The first case of infection by SARS-CoV-2 (i.e., COVID-19) has been officially recorded by the Italian National Health Service on February 21st, 2020. Lombardy was the first Italian region to be affected by the pandemic. Subsequently, the entire Northern part of Italy recorded a high number of cases, while the South was hit following the migratory waves. On March 8th, the Italian Government has issued a decree that imposed a total lockdown defined as a state of isolation and restricted access in Lombardy and in the other 14 provinces of Northern Italy. Methods: We analyzed the virus trend in the period between February 24th and September 8th, 2020, focusing on Calabria, with regards to the following items: new positives, change of total positives and total cases. Furthermore, we included other information, such as the incubation period, symptom resolution period, quarantine period. Results: On March 27th, the epidemic curve spiked with 101 new positive cases validating the hypothesis that this abnormal event was related to the displacement of non-residents people, living in the Northern part of Italy, to the home regions in the South. The epidemic curve showed a decreasing trend in the period after lockdown proving the effectiveness of this measure. From the end of the lockdown (May 04th) to September 8th, the registered trend was -94.51%. A negative growth rate indicates that the number of new positive cases is lower than the number of healed patients. Conclusion: This study describes the effectiveness of the Italian Government policy, particularly the role of lockdown, for the containment of SARS-CoV-2 contagion in Calabria, a region with a low SARS-CoV-2 infection rate within the registered period.

scholarly journals Evidence from internet search data shows information-seeking responses to news of local COVID-19 cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (21) ◽  
pp. 11220-11222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I. Bento ◽  
Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Coady Wing ◽  
Felipe Lozano-Rojas ◽  
Yong-Yeol Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Public Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Closures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Search Data ◽  
Collective Attention

The COVID-19 outbreak is a global pandemic with community circulation in many countries, including the United States, with confirmed cases in all states. The course of this pandemic will be shaped by how governments enact timely policies and disseminate information and by how the public reacts to policies and information. Here, we examine information-seeking responses to the first COVID-19 case public announcement in a state. Using an event study framework for all US states, we show that such news increases collective attention to the crisis right away. However, the elevated level of attention is short-lived, even though the initial announcements are followed by increasingly strong policy measures. Specifically, searches for “coronavirus” increased by about 36% (95% CI: 27 to 44%) on the day immediately after the first case announcement but decreased back to the baseline level in less than a week or two. We find that people respond to the first report of COVID-19 in their state by immediately seeking information about COVID-19, as measured by searches for coronavirus, coronavirus symptoms, and hand sanitizer. On the other hand, searches for information regarding community-level policies (e.g., quarantine, school closures, testing) or personal health strategies (e.g., masks, grocery delivery, over-the-counter medications) do not appear to be immediately triggered by first reports. These results are representative of the study period being relatively early in the epidemic, and more-elaborate policy responses were not yet part of the public discourse. Further analysis should track evolving patterns of responses to subsequent flows of public information.

scholarly journals Progress of COVID-19 Epidemic in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 154-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadijah Abid ◽  
Yashfika Abdul Bari ◽  
Maryam Younas ◽  
Sehar Tahir Javaid ◽  
Abira Imran
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Shed Light

The outbreak of corona virus initiated as pneumonia of unknown cause in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, which has been now spreading rapidly out of Wuhan to other countries. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus outbreak as the sixth public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC), and on March 11, 2020, the WHO announced coronavirus as pandemic. Coronavirus is thought to be increasing in Pakistan. The first case of coronavirus was reported from Karachi on February 26, 2020, with estimated populace of Pakistan as 204.65 million. Successively, the virus spreads into various regions nationwide and has currently become an epidemic. The WHO has warned Pakistan that the country could encounter great challenge against the outbreak of coronavirus in the coming days. This short communication is conducted to shed light on the epidemic of coronavirus in the country. It would aid in emphasizing the up-to-date situation in a nutshell and the measures taken by the health sector of Pakistan to abate the risk of communication.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic impact on the pharmaceutical sector in Bulgaria

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-720
Author(s):  
Veselina Ivanova ◽  
Deyan Pavlov ◽  
Tolya Assenova ◽  
Emily Terzieva ◽  
Petya Milushewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World

In December, 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, a new, unknown strain of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 was identified. The virus has spread rapidly to other countries around the world, among which the most affected were Italy, Spain and the United States. As a result, in March 2020 The WHO has declared the new coronavirus epidemic a global pandemic. Despite timely measures and efforts to reduce morbidity, up to date, confirmed cases are 119,452,269, while the number of deaths reached 2,647,662 people. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all areas of human life – health, social, economic. In each of them, a number of restrictions and obligations were imposed, including wearing of masks, use of disinfectants, education in an online environment, limited work in restaurants and shops. The health sector was particularly affected, and all actors in the pharmaceutical system had to reorganize and adapt their activities in the name of a common goal – ending the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Deep Learning Detection of COVID-19, Temporal Variation and its Link with Temperature in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Ebiendele Eromosele Precious
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 was announced as a global pandemic on 11 March 2020 by the World Health Organization due to its spread globally.  Nigeria recorded its first case on 27 February 2020. Since then, it has spread to all parts of the country. In this paper we study the effectiveness and skill performance of deep learning architectures in assisting health workers in detecting COVID-19 infected patient through X-ray images. Analytical deductions obtained from 500 X-ray images of both infected and non-infected patients confirmed that our proposed model InceptionV3 is effective in detecting COVID-19 and attain an average accuracy of 92%. The relationship or link between the COVID-19 daily occurrence and two meteorological variables (minimum and maximum temperatures) are further assessed. The result also indicated that the cases recorded in Wednesdays and Fridays are observed to be higher than other days which usually coincide with either religious activities or market days in the country, while a progressively decline in weekday cases is observed towards the weekend with Sundays (ranging from 152 to 280 cases) having the lowest cases. The study further indicated statistically that COVID-19 daily cases significantly decline when maximum and minimum temperature are increasing (-0.79 and -0.44 correlation coefficient).

scholarly journals Una presentación infrecuente de COVID-19, con diarrea como síntoma inicial, el primer caso diagnosticado en Cartagena, Colombia.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Germán Enrique Arenas ◽  
Jesús De León Martínez ◽  
Marcela Negrete Vasquez ◽  
Mario Lora ◽  
Martín Carvajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The clinical presentation and severity of the disease has been described from its most typical symptoms, the common cold, pneumonia and respiratory distress syndrome, to the involvement of other organs and systems such such as the gastrointestinal, renal and cardiovascular. Case report: we describe the first case of COVID-19 diagnosed in Cartagena, Colombia, on March 11, 2020, and its uncommon clinic presentation, which was almost unknown at the time. An 85-year-old woman with week-long initial symptoms of nausea and occasional vomiting, with progression to diarrhea and a 38.5 oC fever during the last three days. The patient came from Oxford, UK, and she had been on a Caribbean cruise excursion since the end of February, 2020. Chest computed tomography showed ground glass opacities in both peripheral and central lung fields, multilobar and predominantly subpleural; without evidence of consolidation or pleural effusion. COVID-19 was confirmed three days after admission, when a RT-PCR molecular test performed on a nasopharyngeal swab sample tested positive for SARS-Cov-2 Conclusion: this first case of COVID-19 diagnosed in Cartagena occurred at a time when our health system was not prepared to face the pandemic. However, despite having manifested with a clinical that had not been described at the time, and thanks to the epidemiological, clinical and imaging data, the case could be adequately approached, diagnosed and treated according to the necessary and recommended measures at the time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document