scholarly journals Emblica officinalis (Amla) Ameliorates High-Fat Diet Induced Alteration of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bheemshetty S. Patil ◽  
Pallavi S. Kanthe ◽  
Chandramouli R. Reddy ◽  
Kusal K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Emblica Officinalis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Elastic Artery

Background: Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress. Also, it alters the pathophysiology of metabolically active myocardial tissues and vascular architecture. Emblica officinalis contains a potential antioxidant that counteracts oxidative stress and possibly maintains vascular integrity. Objective: To assess the effect of ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) on High Fat Diet (HFD) induced changes in vascular chemistry and histopathology of the cardiovascular system in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extract of Emblica Officinalis (EEO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as follows: group 1- Control (20% fat); group 2 (20% fat+ EEO 100 mg/kg/b w); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + EEO 100 mg/kg/b w). Dietary and EEO supplementation was continued for 21 days. Gravimetric and oxidative stress markers like MDA, NO, antioxidants like Vitamin C and E, and molecular marker (NOS3) were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on the myocardium and elastic artery along with measurement of coronary arterial wall thickness and lumen diameter. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data. Results: High fat diet showed a significant increase in MDA, decrease of NO with unaltered NOS3 protein in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate possible alteration of vascular pathophysiology. Supplementation of EEO showed an ameliorating effect on high fat diet induced oxidative stress. These results were further corroborated with findings of a histopathological study on the myocardium, elastic artery and coronary arterial architecture. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) indicates its cardioprotective efficacy against rats fed with high fat diet.

scholarly journals EXPLORATION OF IN VIVO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF 50% ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SESAMUM INDICUM L. SEED AGAINST HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
ZAFAR JAVED KHAN ◽  
NAEEM AHMAD KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lipid Peroxidase

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vivo antioxidant potential of 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum against high-fat diet-induced rats. Methods: Animals were treated with plant extract for 30 d, and a high-fat diet was given to all groups except plain control, throughout, out the study. And alpha-tocopherol acetate (Vit, E) was used as standard. Pre-treatment with 16 mg/100 gm of body weight of 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum improved the Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidation levels significantly as compared to control group. Results: The present studies revealed that Sesamum indicum has significant in vivo antioxidant activity and can be used to protect tissue from oxidative stress. The result showed that the activities of SOD, catalase, lipid peroxidase, and glutathione, in the group treated with high-fat diet declined significantly than that of normal group. Conclusion: 50% ethanolic extract of in the dose of Sesamum indicum 16 mg/100 gm of body weight, has improved the SOD, catalase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidase levels significantly, which were comparable with high-fat-diet-induced rats. Based on this study we conclude that the 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum possesses in vivo antioxidant activity and can be employed in protecting tissue from oxidative stress.

Amla (Emblica officinalis) improves hepatic and renal oxidative stress and the inflammatory response in hypothyroid female wistar rats fed with a high-fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rajaa Muthu ◽  
Zachariah Bobby ◽  
P. Sankar ◽  
V. Vickneshwaran ◽  
Sajini Elizabeth Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Emblica Officinalis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

AbstractBackground:We investigated the protective effects of amla (Emblica officinalis) on the pathogenesis of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory response in hypothyroid rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) as an experimental model of hypothyroidism (HT) with obesity.Methods:A total of 80 female wistar rats (5-months-old) were divided into eight different groups. Propylthiouracil (PTU) and HFD were used to induce the experimental HT and obesity, respectively. The euthyroid and hypothyroid rats were fed either normal chow or HFD with and without amla extract (AE, 100 mg/kg bw/day) for 6 weeks. The blood and tissues, liver and kidney OS and inflammatory parameters were studied using appropriate biochemical and molecular techniques.Results:PTU and HFD per se caused OS and inflammatory response as evidenced by increased plasma MDA, TNF-α, CRP and GPx in association with decreased levels of TAS and reduced glutathione (GSH). The proteomic analysis revealed that the expressions of pERK, pP38, TNF-α, IL6, COX2 and NOX-4 were up-regulated in the liver and kidney of these rats. In addition, all these metabolic derangements were further augmented when HT was followed by the addition of HFD. This suggested that there was a synergism between HT and the intake of HFD on the development of OS and inflammatory response.Conclusions:The treatment with amla fruit extract significantly restored the redox imbalance and inflammatory signaling and ameliorated OS and inflammatory response, suggesting the use of this natural compound as an alternative remedy or adjuvant for the management of metabolic complications concomitant with HT.

Terminalia arjuna supplementation ameliorates high fat diet-induced oxidative stress in nephrotoxic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi S. Kanthe ◽  
Bheemshetty S. Patil ◽  
Kusal K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Morphometrical Analysis ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Objectives Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress; also it makes deleterious effect on kidney functions and land up in lipotoxicity in renal tissue. Lipotoxicity is the pathological situation where lipid Peroxidation occurs and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS than antioxidant present in tissues cause oxidative stress. Terminalia arjuna is found to be potential antioxidant that counteract oxidative stress and possibly maintain glomerular integrity. Methods Ethanolic extract of T. arjuna (ETO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as following; group 1-Control (20% fat); group 2 (ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt). Dietary and ETO supplementation were continued for 21 days. Gravimetric, kidney functions (blood urea and serum creatinine) and oxidative stress markers like MDA, SOD and GSH were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on kidney along with measurement of glomerular integrity. Morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity was evaluated by measuring glomerular length, width, glomerular area and Bowman’s capsule radius. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data. Results Blood urea and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in high fat fed rats indicating renal dysfunction. High fat diet showed significant increase in MDA, decrease in SOD and GSH in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate generation of oxidative stress. Supplementation of ETO showed amelioratic effect against high fat diet induced renal dysfunction and oxidative stress. Histopathological findings were significantly corroborated with morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity. Conclusions Ethanolic extracts of T. arjuna supplementation found to be beneficial against high fat induced renal alterations in terms of functions and architecture.

scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of Coccinia grandis prevented glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in high fat diet fed rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 100046
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Siddiqua ◽  
Faiza Hamid Jyoti ◽  
Nadia Saffoon ◽  
Pintu Miah ◽  
Soumen Lasker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Garcinia Mangostana Extract and Curcumin Ameliorate Oxidative Stress, Dyslipidemia, and Hyperglycemia in High Fat Diet-induced Obese Wistar Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranyah Labban ◽  
Hanan fawaz ◽  
Ahmed Almnaizel ◽  
May Al-Muammar ◽  
Ramesa Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Pharmacological Agents

Abstract Background:Obesity is a risk factor for several diseases related to oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Several pharmacological agents have been used to treat obesity, but these commonly exhibit undesirable side effects. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) and Curcuma longa independently and synergistically in modulating selected biochemical markers of oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia commonly observed in high-fat diet-induced obesity in rodent models. Methods:Male albino Wistar rats were divided into eight experimental groups, fed on a normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD), then given mangosteen extract (400 mg /kg body weight/day) and/or curcumin (80 mg/kg body weight/day) for 6 weeks. Oxidative stress markers, glucose, and lipid fractions were measured in the sera. Results:Curcumin was found to be more effective in reducing BMI, while mangosteen extract was found to induce a significant increase in anti-atherogenic marker HDL-C, but was ineffective in reducing dyslipidemia. Mangosteen extract and curcumin effectively reduced blood glucose. Mangosteen did not exhibit any anti-oxidative effects in normal weight rats; however, it induced a significant increase in glutathione in obese rats. Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that mangosteen pericarp extract and curcumin were independently and synergistically effective in treating obesity-induced atherogenesis.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Coconut Water and Garlic Tincture on Lipids and Oxidative Profile of Albino Rats Treated with High Fat Diet and Alcohol

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Holy Brown ◽  
Davies G. Tamuno-Emine ◽  
Omuruka Sweeten
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Study Design ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Alcohol Treatment ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Fat

Aim: This study evaluated the combined effect of coconut water and garlic tincture on lipid and antioxidants profile of albino rats fed with high fat diet and alcohol. Study Design: This study is a non-randomized experimental study design. Place and Duration of Study: Rivers State University Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, the study was done between 20th November, 2018-30th June 2019. Methodology: A total number of 45 Wister albino rats were used with the weight ranged from 120-200 grams. The animals were grouped into two major groups, the control Group A and the test Group B. Blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture into heparinized bottle for standard laboratory investigation of lipid profile, and Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehide (MDA). Plasma SOD and MDA were determined using ELISA methods, TAC was determined using FRAP Colorimetric method while lipid profile were determined using enzymatic method. Results: The results revealed that, alcohol induced oxidative stress group exhibited significant differences in MDA levels amongst the groups, and no significance differences in SOD and TAC levels as compared with negative control groups. There were significant differences in the Total Cholesterol and low density lipoprotein levels, amongst the groups. However, these changes appear to improve with coconut water and garlic tincture treatment. Treatment with coconut water alone following 30% alcohol treatment, showed a significant decrease in MDA level, no significant increase in SOD and TAC. Similar observation was recorded for the garlic tincture treatment alone. Treatment with low dose of combined coconut water with garlic tincture following 30% alcohol treatment, shows significant decrease in MDA level, significant increase in SOD, no significant increase in TAC. Treatment with low and higher doses of combined coconut water with garlic tincture following HFD treatment showed similar results, no significant decrease in TG levels, a significant decrease in MDA, TC and LDL levels, a significant increase in TAC and HDL levels and no significant increase in SOD. However, no difference was observed at higher dose. Histological findings revealed changes in hepatocellular architecture, such as inflammatory cell aggregates, dilation of sinosidal space, fatty droplet after treatment with alcohol and high fat diet. However, upon garlic tincture and coconut water treatment, there was amelioration of these abnormalities. Conclusion: The mixture of coconut water and garlic tincture seem to exerted an antioxidant and antiatherogenic effect on alcohol-induced oxidative stress and HFD-induced dyslipidaemia in rats. 

Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of Garcinia cambogia on high fat diet-fed rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramalingam Sripradha ◽  
Magadi Gopalakrishna Sridhar ◽  
Nachimuthu Maithilikarpagaselvi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Total Polyphenol Content

Abstract: The study investigated the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of: The phytochemical constituents, total polyphenol content and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were estimated in the: The analyses revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, sterols, tannins, flavonoids and saponins in GE. The total polyphenol content and FRAP of GE were 82.82±7.64 mg of gallic acid equivalents and 260.49±10.18 µM FRAP per gram of the GE. High-fat feeding elevated plasma total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced HDL-C and blood antioxidants, glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase. Increase in total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and decrease in the total antioxidant status (TAS) were observed in plasma, liver and kidney of fat-fed rats. Administration of GE decreased food intake, plasma TC, TAG, non HDL-C, MDA, increased HDL-C and blood antioxidants GSH, GPx, catalase. GE also reduced TOS, OSI and elevated TAS in plasma and liver of fat-fed rats. Renal OSI was significantly reduced upon GE treatment.: Our study demonstrated that GE is effective in ameliorating high-fat-diet-induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress.

Embelin modulates metabolic endotoxemia and associated obesity in high fat diet fed C57BL/6 mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
P Bansal ◽  
U Bhandari ◽  
K Sharma ◽  
P Arya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Serum Lipid Levels ◽  
Metabolic Endotoxemia

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of embelin in metabolic endotoxemia (ME) mediated inflammation and associated obesity in high fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mice. The molecular docking of embelin confirms its binding with the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4). In vivo study, mice were treated with HFD for 8 weeks to induce ME mediated inflammation and associated obesity. Further, mice were treated with embelin (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and orlistat (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) from 5th to 8th week along with HFD to improve associated changes. After 8 weeks, mice were euthanized and assessed for body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat pad weights (mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and epididymal), intestinal permeability, TLR-4, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, lipopolysaccharide, and serum lipid levels followed by histopathological analysis of liver and adipose tissues. Embelin significantly decreased the body weight, BMI, serum lipid levels, ME, and inflammation manifested by above parameters. Further, results of histopathological study showed that embelin restored the vacuolization, inflammation, one side shifting of nucleus in liver tissue, and decreased adipocyte cells size in adipose tissue in HFD-fed mice. Thus, our findings provide the strong evidence first time that embelin could modulate ME, mediate inflammation, and consequently reduce body weight gain, BMI, and serum lipid levels in HFD-fed mice.

scholarly journals Panax Notoginseng Protects against Diabetes-Associated Endothelial Dysfunction: Comparison between Ethanolic Extract and Total Saponin

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xutao Zhang ◽  
Chunxiu Zhou ◽  
Lingchao Miao ◽  
Yi Tan ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Previous studies revealed a cardioprotective potential of Panax notoginseng to relieve acute myocardial infarction and focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. However, whether P. notoginseng protects endothelial function in diabetes and the underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. P. notoginseng contains several chemical components including saponins, which are commonly believed as the major bioactive ingredients. The present study was aimed to examine and compare the vaso-protective effects of the ethanolic extract of P. notoginseng (PNE) and total saponin (PNS). Both aortas and carotid arteries were isolated from male C57BL/6J mice for ex vivo treatment with risk factors (high glucose or tunicamycin) with and without the presence of PNS and PNE. Diabetic model was established by feeding the mice with a high-fat diet (45% kcal% fat) for 12 weeks, while PNS and PNE were administrated by oral gavage at 20 mg/kg/day for another 4 weeks. Ex vivo exposure to high glucose impaired acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations in mouse aortas, decreased phosphorylation of AMPK and eNOS, and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. These effects were reversed by cotreatment of PNS and PNE with PNS being more potent. Furthermore, the vaso-protective effects were abolished by Compound C (AMPK inhibitor). Chronic treatment with PNS and PNE improved endothelium-dependent relaxations and alleviated ER stress and oxidative stress in aortas from high-fat diet-induced obese mice. PNE was more effective to improve glucose sensitivity and normalize blood pressure in diabetic mice. The present results showed that PNS and PNE reduced ER stress and oxidative stress and, subsequently, improved endothelial function in diabetes through AMPK activation. This study provides new inspiration on the therapeutic potential of P. notoginseng extract against vascular diseases associated with metabolic disorders.

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