scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Corticosteroid Injection for De Quervain’s Stenosing Tenosynovitis (DQST): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Rowland ◽  
Nigel Phelan ◽  
Sean Gardiner ◽  
Kenneth N Linton ◽  
Rose Galvin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Corticosteroid Injection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tendon Sheath ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Stenosing Tenosynovitis ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Totality Of Evidence

De Quervain’s stenosing tenosynovitis (DQST) treatments include corticosteroid injection around the tendon sheath; however there is some ambiguity concerning the efficacy of this treatment. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the totality of evidence relating to the use of corticosteroid injection in DQST when compared to placebo or other active treatments. A systematic literature search was conducted in July 2014. Only randomized control trials (RCTs) were included.Outcome measures included impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction.Five RCTs were identified with165 patients, 88 in the treatment group and 77 in the control group.Patients who received corticosteroid injection (n=142) had a higher rate of resolution of symptoms [RR 2.59, 95% CI: 1.25 to 5.37, p=0.05,I2=62%]. This group reported greater pain relief as assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at first assessment [mean difference -2.51, 95% CI: -3.11 to -1.90, p=0.0003,I2=65%] and demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in function (n=78) as measured by the DASH score and Dutch AIMS-HFF score [SMD -0.83, 95% CI: -1.54 to -0.12, p=0.02,I2=48]. This review confirms that corticosteroid injection results in a statistically significant increase in resolution of symptoms, pain relief and increased function in the treatment of DQST.

scholarly journals Beneficial and Harmful Outcomes of Tocilizumab in Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Rubio-Rivas ◽  
Jose M. Mora-Lujan ◽  
Abelardo Montero ◽  
Narcis A. Homs ◽  
Jordi Rello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Icu Mortality ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Randomized Control

Objectives: Pending for randomized control trials, the use of tocilizumab (TCZ) in COVID-19 remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect on clinical outcomes of TCZ to treat severe COVID-19. Methods: From 1 January to 21 August 2020, we searched PubMed (via MEDLINE), Scopus, and medRxiv repository databases for observational studies in any language reporting efficacy and safety of TCZ use in hospitalized adults with COVID-19. Independent and dually data extraction and quality assessment were performed. Results: Of 57 eligible studies, 27 controlled and 30 not. The overall included patients were 8,128: 4,021 treated with TCZ, in addition to standard of care (SOC), and 4,107 only receiving SOC. The pooled mortality was lower in the TCZ-group, with a relative risk (RR) of 0.73 (95%CI 0.57-0.93; p=0.010). TCZ-treated patients were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) in a higher proportion, but ICU mortality was lower than in the control group. Conversely, a higher proportion of TCZ-treated patients developed secondary infections after TCZ use. Conclusions: TCZ seems beneficial in preventing in-hospital mortality in severe, non-critically ill COVID-19 patients. However, patients receiving TCZ appear to be at higher risk for secondary infections, especially those admitted to ICU.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Add-On Effect of Chinese Patent Medicine for Patients with Stable or Unstable Angina: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Mao ◽  
Vincent C. H. Chung ◽  
Jin-Qiu Yuan ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Yu ◽  
Zu-Yao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Patent Medicine ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Chinese Patent ◽  
Randomized Control

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been widely used as an adjunct to western medicine in treating angina in China. We carried out this systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of CHM on top of western medicine for angina. This meta-analysis included 46 randomized control trials with 4212 patients. For trials that included stable angina patients, the CHM group had significant lower incidence of total heart events (relative risk(RR)=0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.33–0.78), myocardial infarction (RR=0.32, 95% CI 0.14–0.72), heart failure (RR=0.37, 95% CI 0.15–0.91), and angina (RR=0.46, 95% CI 0.30–0.71) than that of control group. For trials that included unstable angina patients, CHM led to significantly lower occurrence of total heart events (RR=0.46, 95% CI 0.32–0.66), myocardial infarction (RR=0.37, 95% CI 0.26–0.54), and angina (RR=0.36, 95%CI 0.26–0.51). Likewise, for trials that included stable or unstable angina patients, the rates of myocardial infarction (RR=0.34, 95% CI 0.17–0.68) and angina (RR=0.46, 95% CI 0.30–0.70) in CHM group were significantly lower than that in control group. In conclusion, CHM is very likely to be able to improve the survival of angina patients who are already receiving western medicine.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Auricular Therapy for Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Hsing Yeh ◽  
Yi Chien Chiang ◽  
Samuel L. Hoffman ◽  
Zhan Liang ◽  
Mary Lou Klem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Auricular Acupuncture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Intensity Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Auricular Therapy

Objective.The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of auricular therapy by including a sham therapy control group.Methods.Relevant, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were identified by searching medical related databases from, depending on journal, 1900 (at the earliest) to 1994 (at the latest) through May 2013. The outcome measure was a pain intensity score.Results.Twenty-two RCTs were identified and 13 RCTs were included for meta-analysis. In these studies, auricular therapy provided significant pain relief when compared to a sham or control group. The overall standardized mean differences (SMD) was 1.59 (95% CI [−2.36, −0.82]) (13 trials, total subject numbers = 806), indicating that, on average, the mean decrease in pain score for auricular therapy group was 1.59 standard deviations greater than the mean decrease for the sham control. In terms of the efficacy of the different treatment methods, auricular acupressure boasts the largest strength of evidence for pain relief, followed by auricular acupuncture. Electroacupuncture stimulation did not show significant evidence for efficacy, which may be due to the small sample size (i.e., only 19 subjects were included).Conclusion.Further large-scale RCTs are needed to determine the efficacy of auricular therapy for pain.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110042
Author(s):  
Grace Mary Turner ◽  
Christel McMullan ◽  
Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽  
Danai Bem ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

A preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback on heart rate variability and respiration of athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Cayaban Pagaduan ◽  
Yung-Sheng Chen ◽  
James William Fell ◽  
Sam Shi Xuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Quantitative Review ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract To date, there is no quantitative review examining the influence of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on the athlete population. Such an undertaking may provide valuable information on the autonomic and respiration responses of athletes when performing HRV BFB. Thus, purpose of this preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of HRV BFB on HRV and respiration of athletes. Searches of Springerlink, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PROQUEST Academic Research Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect were conducted for studies that met the following criteria: (1) experimental studies involving athletes that underwent randomized control trial; (2) availability of HRV BFB as a treatment compared with a control (CON)/placebo (PLA); (3) any pre and post HRV variable and/or breathing frequency as dependent variable/s; and, (4) peer-reviewed articles written in English. Four out of 660 studies involving 115 athletes (25 females and 90 males) ages 16–30 years old were assessed in this review. Preliminary findings suggest the promising ability of HRV BFB to improve respiratory mechanics in athlete population. More work is needed to determine the autonomic modulatory effect of HRV BFB in athletes.

scholarly journals Effect of consumption of animal milk compared to infant formula for non-breastfed/mixed-fed infants 6–11 months of age: a systematic review (protocol)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e046370
Author(s):  
Aamer Imdad ◽  
Julie Melissa Ehrlich ◽  
Joseph Catania ◽  
Emily Tanner-Smith ◽  
Abigail Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Animal Milk

IntroductionPrevalence rates of breastfeeding remain low even though the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months of life in combination with appropriate complementary feeding beyond six 6 months of age. There have been several studies that address the implication of drinking animal milk and/or infant formula on children’s health and development when breast feeding is not offered during the first year of life. Vast improvements have been made in infant formula design, which may increase its benefits compared with animal’s milk. The objective of this review is therefore to synthesise the most recent evidence on the effects of the consumption of animal milk compared with infant formula in non-breastfed or mixed breastfed infants aged 6–11 months.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of animal milk compared with formula or mixed-fed (breastmilk and formula) on infants aged 6–11 months. The primary outcomes of interest include anaemia, gastrointestinal blood loss, weight for age, height for age and weight for height. We will include randomised and non-randomised studies with a control group. We will use the Cochrane risk of bias tools to assess the risk of bias. We will use meta-analysis to pool findings if the identified studies are conceptually homogenous and data are available from more than one study. We will assess the overall quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.Ethics and disseminationThis is a systematic review, so no patients will be directly involved in the design or development of this study. The findings from this systematic review will be disseminated to relevant patient populations and caregivers and will guide the WHO’s recommendations on formula consumption versus animal milk in infants aged 6–11 months.Trial registration numberCRD42020210925.

scholarly journals Impact of interstitial lung disease on mortality in ANCA-associated vasculitis: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 147997312199456
Author(s):  
Peining Zhou ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Guangfa Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

Several retrospectivee described the association of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). However, the relationship between the ILD and mortality in AAV patients have not been established so far. This study aims to estimate the relevance of AAV-associated-ILD (AAV-ILD) and mortality risk by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis.A comprehensive systematic review was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses). PubMed, Embase.com and the Cochrane Library (Wiley) were searched for original observational studies. Summary estimates were derived with a random-effects model and reported as risk ratio (RR), tested for publication bias and heterogeneity. Ten retrospective cohort studies were included, comprising 526 AAV-ILD patients enrolled from 1974 to 2018. Meta-analysis yielded a pooled RR of 2.90 (95% confidence interval 1.77–4.74) for death among those with AAV-ILD compared to control group. UIP pattern was associated with an even poorer prognosis in comparison to non-UIP pattern (RR 4.36, 95% confidence interval 1.14–16.78). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the meta-RR result was not skewed by a single dominant study. ILD might be associated with a higher mortality risk in AAV patients.

scholarly journals Corticosteroid Injection Alone or Combined with Surgical Excision of Keloids versus Other Therapies Including Ionising Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Ru Wang ◽  
Patricia L. Danielsen ◽  
Magnus S. Ågren ◽  
Janine Duke ◽  
Fiona Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Corticosteroid Injection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Intralesional Corticosteroid ◽  
Intralesional Injections ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Keloid scars are difficult to manage and remain a therapeutic challenge. Corticosteroid therapy alone or ionising radiation (radiotherapy) alone or combined with surgery are first-line treatments, but the scientific justification for these treatments is unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is to assess the effects of intralesional corticosteroid injection in treating keloids or preventing their recurrence after surgical removal. Searches for RCTs were conducted through the MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO and Cochrane databases from January 1974 to September 2017. Two authors independently reviewed study eligibility, extracted data, analysed the results, and assessed methodological quality. Sixteen RCTs that included more than 814 patients were scrutinised. The quality of evidence for most outcomes was moderate to high. In 10 RCTs, corticosteroid intralesional injections were compared with 5-fluorouracil, etanercept, cryosurgery, botulinum toxin, topical corticosteroid under a silicone dressing, and radiotherapy. Corticosteroid intralesional injections were more effective than radiotherapy (RR 3.3, 95% CI: 1.4–8.1) but equipotent with the other interventions. In conjunction with keloid excision, corticosteroid treatment was compared with radiotherapy, interferon α-2b and verapamil. In two RCTs, there were fewer keloid recurrences (RR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21–0.89) demonstrated with adjuvant radiotherapy than with corticosteroid injections. More high-quality, large-scale RCTs are required to establish the effectiveness of corticosteroids and other therapies in keloid management.

scholarly journals “The Dichotic Digit Test” as an Index Indicator for Hearing Problem in Dementia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattawan Utoomprurkporn ◽  
Chris J.D. Hardy ◽  
Joshua Stott ◽  
Sergi G. Costafreda ◽  
Jason Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Ear Advantage ◽  
Right Ear Advantage ◽  
Dementia Onset

Abstract Background Patients with dementia commonly have problems processing speech in the presence of competing background speech or noise. This difficulty can be present from the very early stages of dementia, and may be a preclinical feature of Alzheimer's disease. Purpose This study investigates whether people with dementia perform worse on the dichotic digit test (DDT), an experimental probe of speech processing in the presence of competing speech, and whether test performance may predict dementia onset. Research Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Collection and Analysis A literature search was conducted in Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Psycinfo. We included (1) studies that included people with a diagnosis of dementia and a healthy control group with no cognitive impairment; (2) studies that reported results from a DDT in a free-recall response task; and (3) studies that had the dichotic digit mean correct percentage score or right-ear advantage, as outcome measurements. Results People with dementia had a lower DDT total score, with a pooled mean difference of 18.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.2–15.9). Patients with dementia had an increased right-ear advantage relative to controls with a pooled difference of 24.4% (95% CI: 21.8–27.0). Conclusion The DDT total scores are lower and the right-ear advantage increased in cognitively impaired versus normal control participants. The findings also suggest that the reduction of dichotic digit total score and increase of right-ear advantage progress as cognitive impairment increases. Whether abnormalities in dichotic digit scores could predict subsequent dementia onset should be examined in further longitudinal studies.

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