scholarly journals Mindfulness Based Programs Implemented with At-Risk Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Rawlett ◽  
Debra Scrandis
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Youth At Risk ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Successful Adults ◽  
At Risk Adolescents

Objective: This review examines studies on mindfulness based programs used with adolescents at-risk for poor future outcomes such as not graduating from high school and living in poverty. Method: The keywords used include mindfulness, at-risk and adolescents in each database to search CINAHL (10 items: 2 book reviews, 3 Dissertations, and 5 research articles), Medline EBSCO (15 research articles), and PubMed (10 research articles). Only primary research articles published between 2009- 2015 in English on mindfulness and at-risk adolescents were included for the most current evidence. Results: Few studies (n= 11) were found that investigate mindfulness in at-risk adolescents. These studies used various mindfulness programs (n = 7) making it difficult to generalize findings for practice. Only three studies were randomized control trials focusing mostly on male students with low socioeconomic status and existing mental health diagnoses. Conclusion: There is a relationship between health behaviors and academic achievement. Future research studies on mindfulness based interventions need to expand to its effects on academic achievement in those youth at-risk to decrease problematic behaviors and improve their ability to be successful adults.

Effects of a Universal Classroom Management Intervention on Middle School Students With or At Risk of Behavior Problems

2020 ◽  
pp. 074193252092661
Author(s):  
James Sinclair ◽  
Keith C. Herman ◽  
Wendy M. Reinke ◽  
Nianbo Dong ◽  
Melissa Stormont
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behavior Support ◽  
Behavior Support Plans ◽  
Youth At Risk

Universal interventions implemented in schools have the potential to impact large numbers of students on a multitude of behavioral and academic outcomes. In the context of a large group randomized controlled trial, the current study examined whether teacher-perceived student need for behavior support plans at baseline moderated the effects of a middle school universal classroom management training program, CHAMPS, which stands for Conversation, Help, Activity, Movement, Participation, and Success, on student outcomes. We hypothesized that students in CHAMPS classrooms who were identified by teachers at baseline as needing behavior support plans would have greater end-of-year improvements on behavior and academic outcomes relative to comparable youth in non-CHAMPS classrooms. Results indicated baseline teacher-perceived student behavior support need moderated some intervention outcomes; in particular, youth at risk in CHAMPS classrooms demonstrated improvements in concentration problems ( b = –.19) and communication arts outcomes ( b = .13) compared with youth at risk in control group classrooms. Implications of these findings and future research are discussed.

Adolescent Resilience: Promoting More Positive Outcomes Among Youth at Risk of Using and Abusing Substances

2016 ◽  
pp. 504-528
Author(s):  
Noelle Hurd ◽  
Marc Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Resilience Theory ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
Youth At Risk ◽  
Key Terms

Resilience refers to positive adjustment among youth who have been exposed to one or more risk factor(s). In this chapter, we review articles published within the past two decades that have included a focus on resilience processes among adolescents at risk of using substances. The review is organized by the level of promotive factor investigated (individual, family, and community), followed by a review of studies that have focused on exposure to cumulative risk and promotive factors. Prior to reviewing these studies, we provide a brief overview of resilience theory, including key terms and models of resilience. The chapter concludes by addressing the limitations of the research on resilience and adolescent substance use and makes recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals An Integrative Review of Cytokine/Chemokine Predictors of Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marliese Dion Nist ◽  
Rita H. Pickler
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analyses

Preterm infants are at risk of brain injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes including impairments in cognition, behavioral functioning, sensory perception, and motor performance. Systemic inflammation has been identified as an important, potentially modifiable precursor of neurologic and neurodevelopmental impairments. Inflammation is typically measured by quantifying circulating cytokines and chemokines. However, it is unclear which specific cytokines/chemokines most consistently predict neurodevelopment in preterm infants. In this integrative review, we evaluated and analyzed the literature ( N = 37 publications) to determine the cytokines/chemokines most predictive of neurodevelopment in preterm infants, the optimal timing for these measurements, and the ideal source for collecting cytokines/chemokines. Synthesis of the findings of these studies revealed that interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α collected during the first 3 weeks of life are most predictive of subsequent neurodevelopment. Methodological variation among studies hinders more specific analysis, including the evaluation of cytokine thresholds and meta-analyses, that would allow for the use of cytokines/chemokines to predict neurodevelopment. Future research should focus on identifying explicit cytokine values, specifically for IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α, that are most predictive for identifying preterm infants most at risk of impairment, keeping in mind that longitudinal measures of cytokines/chemokines may be more predictive of future outcomes than single-time point measures.

The Effects of Play-Based Intervention on Vocabulary Acquisition by Preschoolers at Risk for Reading and Language Delays

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragan H. McLeod ◽  
Jessica K. Hardy ◽  
Ann P. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Vocabulary Instruction ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Language Delays ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Vocabulary Word

Closing the vocabulary gap for young children at risk for reading and language delays due to low socioeconomic status may have far reaching effects, as the relationship between early vocabulary knowledge and later academic achievement has been well-established. Vocabulary instruction for young children at risk for reading and language delays during classroom play is understudied, but appears to be a useful context for such interventions. A multiple probe design across behaviors replicated across participants was conducted to evaluate the effects of Enhanced Milieu Teaching (EMT) techniques embedded in play sessions on target vocabulary word acquisition for preschool participants. Participants acquired target word sets in an average of 14 sessions, which, in addition to a book with target vocabulary, included interventionist’s use of the words in conversation and prompts to use target words in play routines. Implications for vocabulary instruction during play and future research are included.

scholarly journals Academic Achievement of Students withEmotional and Behavioural Disorders:A Review of the Research

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenn De Lugt
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Classroom Instruction ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Needs ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Students With Ebd

Although students with emotional and behavioural disorders often have academic defi cits, the interventions provided for these students usually focus on their behaviour. The result may be that the academic needs of this population are neglected and possibly increase due to neglect. While the research is inconclusive, it suggests that there may be a reciprocal relationship between poor academic achievement and problem behaviour. Without early and effective intervention, students with emotional and behaviour disabilities (EBD) are likely to be at risk for poor academic as well as psychosocial outcomes. The purpose of this review is threefold: (a) to review the recent research on the academic achievement, particularly reading achievement, of students with EBD; (b) to describe the current classroom instruction provided to students with EBD; and (c) to review the research on what constitutes effective instructional practice for this population. The paper closes with recommendations for future research.

A Systematic Review of Corporal Punishment in Schools: Global Prevalence and Correlates

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802092578
Author(s):  
Sasha-Lee Heekes ◽  
Chloe B. Kruger ◽  
Soraya N. Lester ◽  
Catherine L. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Despite global shifts toward prevention of school corporal punishment, the practice remains widespread. This systematic review focused on (a) prevalence, (b) associated mental health and behavioral factors, and (c) correlates that may be risk or protective factors. Studies included in this review were peer-reviewed, published in English between 1980 and July 2017, and quantitative in design. Fifty-three papers met the inclusion criteria. All were cross-sectional surveys, predominantly of moderate quality and conducted in the United States (US) and on the African continent. Results indicated that school corporal punishment is prevalent across the globe (including where bans are in place) and does not appear to be decreasing over time, although measurement differences preclude firm conclusions. It is associated with physical, academic, mental health, and behavioral problems for children. Boys, Black students (in the US), and students exposed to violence at home were most at risk of corporal punishment. It is unclear whether disability puts a student at risk. Schools with high rates of other disciplinary practices were more likely to use corporal punishment, while those who employed a mental health professional and trained staff in safety procedures were less likely to use corporal punishment. Teacher attitudes favoring corporal punishment, and their use of violence in other contexts, increased risk. Low socioeconomic status (of the student or the school environment) increased risk, while high levels of state social capital reduced risk. Future research must include areas where corporal punishment is banned and focus on developing effective interventions to prevent school corporal punishment.

Effectiveness of Community-Based OT Mental Health Services for At-Risk Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512520393p1-7512520393p1
Author(s):  
Levana Tabanpour ◽  
Angeli Gutierrez ◽  
Alyssa Mercado ◽  
Rachel Munyon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
At Risk Adolescents

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. At-risk adolescents tend to be of low socioeconomic status or have been in juvenile detention, which affects their mental health, leading to a decrease in occupational participation and performance. This systematic review examines the participation of at-risk adolescents in community-based OT mental health services and its positive impact on occupational engagement. Research within this scope of practice can yield more effective, evidence-based, and client-centered interventions. Primary Author and Speaker: Levana Tabanpour Contributing Authors: Angeli Gutierrez, Alyssa Mercado, and Rachel Munyon

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