scholarly journals Larval Morphology and Molecular Identification of Ophthalmomyiasis Flies and its Incidence Rate in Referred Patients to an Ophthalmology Clinic, Shiraz, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Ali Keshavarz ◽  
Hamzeh Alipour ◽  
Kourosh Azizi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khalili ◽  
Marziea Shahriari Namadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
One Year

Background: Myiasis is the infestation of flies' larvae in living or dead tissues of the human body and animals. Ophthalmomyiasis is divided into internal and external types and thelarvae penetrate eyes in the internal type. This study aimed to examine larval morphology and molecular identification of flies causing ophthalmomyiasis and determine its incidence rate in referred patients to an ophthalmology clinic in Shiraz during 2019. Materials and Methods: During one year, all larvae were isolated from patients’ eyes. These larvae were identified using the morphological method according to the 1965 diagnostic key of Zumpt. Molecular confirmation was performed using a pair of specific primers for the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene in the next step. The expected amplicons were sequenced, and their results were aligned and analyzed using the nucleotide BLAST. Results: Overall, 224 fly larvae were isolated from 36 patients. According to the morphological analysis, all larvae were Oestrus ovis. Molecular analysis confirmed morphological results. Patients presenting acute conjunctivitis symptoms had a mean age of 34 ± 2 years, and there were four women (11%) and 32 men (89%). The highest incidence were recorded in the autumn season (55.8%). Morphological results of flies were confirmed by amplifying the expected size of the CO1 gene through conventional PCR. Conclusion: The cases of ophthalmomyiasis are higher than those mentioned in the published articles and this might be due to the absence of a regular monitoring program to care for the ophthalmomyiasis cases in the public health system. Therefore, due to the importance and potential incidence of this disease in Fars province, establishing a disease care program is necessary for the health surveillance system.

scholarly journals Measles surveillance in Canada, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Cameron Coulby ◽  
Francesca Reyes Domingo ◽  
Joanne Hiebert ◽  
Susan G Squires
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Measles Elimination ◽  
Genotype Information ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Surveillance Report ◽  
One Year ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) has conducted enhanced measles surveillance since 1998, the year endemic measles transmission was eliminated in Canada. The objective of this annual national measles surveillance report is to provide an epidemiologic summary of measles activity reported in Canada for 2019 in order to provide evidence to support the continued verification of Canada’s measles elimination status. Methods: Measles surveillance data are housed in the Canadian Measles and Rubella Surveillance System (CMRSS) database. Descriptive analyses of demographics and risk factors were performed. Outbreak characteristics were summarized and genotypic analyses conducted. Surveillance, laboratory and vaccine coverage data for 2019 were used to assess Canada’s status against the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) essential criteria for the verification of measles elimination. Results: In 2019, 113 measles cases were reported in Canada (crude incidence rate of 3.0 cases per 1,000,000 population). Of these cases, 42 (37%) were imported into Canada, and of the imported cases, 12 (29%) resulted in further transmission. Infants younger than one year had the highest age-specific incidence rate at 13.1 cases per 1,000,000 population. Only 29% of cases had one or more documented doses of measles-containing vaccine. One-fifth (19%) of cases were hospitalized; no deaths were reported. Genotype information was available for 100% of outbreaks reported in 2019 and 90% of non-outbreak-related measles cases; of cases with genotype information available, 27% were B3 and 73% were D8. Conclusion: Despite meeting/partially meeting only three out of four of PAHO’s essential criteria for measles elimination status, there is no evidence that endemic measles transmission has been reestablished in Canada.

Tax-Advantaged Trust Use Among IPO Executives: Determinants and Implications for Valuation and Future Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Dambra ◽  
Matthew Gustafson ◽  
Phillip J. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Stock Price ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Estate Taxes ◽  
Price Appreciation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Jel Classifications

ABSTRACT We examine the prevalence and determinants of CEOs' use of tax-advantaged trusts prior to their firm's IPO. Twenty-three percent of CEOs use tax-advantaged pre-IPO trusts, and share transfers into tax-advantaged trusts are positively associated with CEO equity wealth, estate taxes, and dynastic preferences. We project that pre-IPO trust use increases CEOs' dynastic wealth by approximately $830,000, on average. We next examine a simple model's prediction that trust use will be positively related to IPO-period stock price appreciation. We find that trust use is associated with 12 percent higher one-year post-IPO returns, but is not significantly related to the IPO's valuation, filing price revision, or underpricing. This evidence is consistent with CEOs' personal finance decisions prior to the IPO containing value-relevant information that is not immediately incorporated into market prices. JEL Classifications: D14; G12; G32; M21; M41. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

Feasibility of hybrid telerehabilitation as component of a novel comprehensive care program after acute myocardial infarction in a one-year follow-up preliminary experience of a single center

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Piotrowicz ◽  
P Orzechowski ◽  
I Kowalik ◽  
R Piotrowicz
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Comprehensive Care ◽  
Monitoring Center ◽  
One Year

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): National Health Fund Background. A novel comprehensive care program after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) „KOS-zawał" was implemented in Poland. It includes acute intervention, complex revascularization, implantation of cardiovascular electronic devices (in case of indications), rehabilitation or hybrid telerehabilitation (HTR) and scheduled outpatient follow-up. HTR is a unique component of this program. The purpose of the pilot study was to evaluate a feasibility, safety and patients’ acceptance of HTR as component of a novel care program after AMI and to assess mortality in a one-year follow-up. Methods The study included 55 patients (LVEF 55.6 ± 6.8%; aged 57.5 ± 10.5 years). Patients underwent a 5-week HTR based on Nordic walking, consisting of an initial stage (1 week) conducted within an outpatient center and a basic stage (4-week) home-based telerehabilitation five times weekly. HTR was telemonitored with a device adjusted to register electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and to transmit data via mobile phone network to the monitoring center. The moments of automatic ECG registration were pre-set and coordinated with exercise training. The influence on physical capacity was assessed by comparing changes in functional capacity (METs) from the beginning and the end of HTR. Patients filled in a questionnaire in order to assess their acceptance of HTR at the end of telerehabilitation. Results HTR resulted in a significant improvement in functional capacity and workload duration in exercise test (Table). Safety: there were neither deaths nor adverse events during HTR. Patients accepted HTR, including the need for interactive everyday collaboration with the monitoring center. Prognosis all patients survived in a one-year follow-up. Conclusions Hybrid telerehabilitation is a feasible, safe form of rehabilitation, well accepted by patients. There were no deaths in a one-year follow-up. Outcomes before and after HTR Before telerehabilitation After telerehabilitation P Exercise time [s] 381.5 ± 92.0 513.7 ± 120.2 <0.001 Maximal workload [MET] 7.9 ± 1.8 10.1 ± 2.3 <0.001 Heart rate rest [bpm] 68.6 ± 12.0 66.6 ± 10.9 0.123 Heart rate max effort [bpm] 119.7 ± 15.9 131.0 ± 20.1 <0.001 SBP rest [mmHg] 115.6 ± 14.8 117.7 ± 13.8 0.295 DBP rest [mmHg] 74.3 ± 9.2 76.2 ± 7.3 0.079 SBP max effort [mm Hg] 159.5 ± 25.7 170.7 ± 25.5 0.003 DBP max effort [mm Hg] 84.5 ± 9.2 87.2 ± 9.3 0.043 SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure.

Prevalence and Predictive Factors of Transient and Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism in Fars Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashkan Habib ◽  
Alireza Shojazadeh ◽  
Mohadeseh Molayemat ◽  
Asadollah Habib ◽  
Marjan Jeddi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Venous Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outpatient Visits

Abstract Introduction: There is no data on the number as well as the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the Fars province. Hence, we designed this study to analyze the latest data and the possible predictive factors on transient and permanent CH in this province.Method: This cross sectional study is based on the Fars province screening data from 2013 till 2016. A total of 294,214 newborns were screened with 938 confirmed cases of CH, which were included in this study. After recall and completion of the missing data, follow-up data for 642 CH cases with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations and levothyroxine doses for ten outpatient visits and final transient vs. permanent CH diagnosis were included.Results: The incidence rate was 1:313.66, and out of the 642 CH cases, 66.04% had permanent CH, while 33.96% had transient CH. TSH level trend during the outpatient visits were not statistically different between the two groups (P=0.312). A cutoff point of >2.25 levothyroxine µg/kg (sensitivity: 76.11%, specificity: 58.52%) at the third year and a TSH concentration of >43.35 mIU/L at the venous sampling (initial TSH) (sensitivity: 31.66%, specificity: 90.32%) were the predictive factors for permanent CH.Conclusion: Fars province has one of the highest incidence rate of CH in Iran. Levothyroxine dose at the 3rd year and the 1st venous TSH sample are the predictive factors for permanent CH in the Iranian population; however, TSH concentrations during follow ups are unreliable predictors.

THE PEDIATRICIAN AND THE PUBLIC

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-445
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
School Age ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Comprehensive Programs

THE first communication is on "Health Insurance in Canada from the Paediatric View" by Dr. John Keith with an introductory letter from Dr. Alan Brown. In 1943, the Canadian Medical Association approved the principle of health insurance and set forth the opinion that health insurance programs should be developed by the various provinces in accordance with their local needs (J. Pediat. 31:228, Aug., 1947). In the intervening years some provinces have developed quite comprehensive programs of medical care (Pediatrics 7:430, 1951) whereas other provinces have taken very little action. The present communication describes these endeavors from the viewpoint of the pediatrician. The second communication from Dr. John T. Fulton, Dental Services Adviser of the U. S. Children's Bureau, describes his observations of New Zealand's National Dental Service. The medical care program in New Zealand has received wide publicity; the National Dental Service, which was inaugurated much earlier, has received relatively little comment until recently. The dental care problem everywhere is enormous. Children of school age average to develop one new caries lesion per year. The dental manpower currently available in this country does not begin to be adequate to deal with the problem; the result is that the majority of children enter adult life with a large accumulation of dental defects.

Review of Neurologic Comorbidities in Hospitalized Patients with Opioid Abuse

2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001080
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Nelson ◽  
Katelyn Dolbec ◽  
William Watson ◽  
Hanwen Yuan ◽  
Mam Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Opioid Abuse ◽  
Central Nervous System Infections ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spine Disorders

AbstractPurpose of review:Determine the prevalence and burden of neurological comorbidities in hospitalized patients with opioid abuse.Recent findings:From one year of hospital discharges 2,182 opioid abuse patients were identified (prevalence 6.3%), with abuse greater among younger patients (p<0.0001), women (p<0.0001), whites (p<0.0001), and urban population (p=0.028). Matching for age, sex, race, and urban-rural residence, 347 patients were reviewed and 179 (52%) had a neurological comorbidity. The comorbidities frequently overlapped and included: encephalopathy (130), neuromuscular disorders (42), seizures (23), spine disorders (23), strokes (20), central nervous system infections (3), and movement disorders (2). Abuse patients with neurologic comorbidities experienced substantially greater number of hospital and intensive care unit days and mortality, independent of overdose.Summary:Neurological comorbidities are a frequent and heretofore underappreciated contributor to the disease burden of hospitalized patients with opioid abuse. The importance of neurological comorbidities should be included in the public health discussions surrounding the opioid epidemic.

The Public Housing and Primary Care Program

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathie Culhane-Pera ◽  
Dillard Ellmore ◽  
Lois A Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Care Program ◽  
The Public ◽  
Primary Care Program

scholarly journals An Assessment on Bird’s Diversity in Bagmati River Corridor

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Shambhu Paudel ◽  
Dipak BK
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Point Count ◽  
The Public ◽  
One Year ◽  
Bagmati River ◽  
River Corridor

Bagmati River is considered as a potential conservation area in terms of the bio-diversity conservation due to its unique and diversified habitat distribution. Due to various causes, the river is being polluted and hence habitat degradation rate is increasing. As a consequence, the direct effect is seen on birds inhabiting there. Aiming the assessment of bird's diversity, one year survey was conducted in Bagmati River from Tilganga Bridge to chobhar Gorge Bridge (here after termed as Bagmati river corridor) by applying the point count method .In the total enumeration, 100 of birds species were recorded among which 7 are listed in CITES appendix. The bird species that are regarded as globally threatened are not recorded in the study area. In this report, some potential patches in the study area, are described as hot spots, considering the higher probability of recording maximum number of birds species. The public voice is also collected to find out the public perception on the present status of birds of Bagmati river corridor using the questionaire method. Some causes of habitat destruction and some potential conservation measures are also mentioned. Key Words: Bagmati river corridor, Birds, Conservation, Hotspots, Diversity, Habitat   DOI: 10.3126/init.v2i1.2520 The Initiation Vol.2(1) 2008 pp34-40

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