Host Genomics Plasticity in Response to Ambient Temperature Change: Transcriptional Regulation Induced by Cold Temperature Perception in the Human BEAS-2B Cell Line

The change of ambient temperature will cause deformation during the machining process of large-scale aerospace monolithic component. Based on finite element simulation, thermally induced deformation of reinforcing plate is studied in such aspects as reinforcement structure, clamping method and temperature change, and contact function in finite element software is used to simulate the unilateral constraint between workpiece and worktable. The results indicate that reinforcing plate will produce warping deformation due to the change of ambient temperature. Different reinforcement structures and clamping methods have important influence on the deformation positions and degrees, and the deformation is proportional to the temperature change.

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Design and Fabrication of a Magnetocaloric Microcooler

Microelectromechanical Systems ◽

10.1115/imece2005-82720 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sangchae Kim ◽

Bharath Bethala ◽

Simone Ghirlanda ◽

Senthil N. Sambandam ◽

Shekhar Bhansali

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Temperature Change ◽

Entropy Change ◽

Temperature Sensors ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Alternative Technology ◽

Temperature Conditions ◽

Si Wafer

Magnetocaloric refrigeration is increasingly being explored as an alternative technology for cooling. This paper presents the design and fabrication of a micromachined magnetocaloric cooler. The cooler consists of fluidic microchannels (in a Si wafer), diffused temperature sensors, and a Gd5(Si2Ge2) magnetocaloric refrigeration element. A magnetic field of 1.5 T is applied using an electromagnet to change the entropy of the magnetocaloric element for different ambient temperature conditions ranging from 258 K to 280 K, and the results are discussed. The tests show a maximum temperature change of 7 K on the magnetocaloric element at 258 K. The experimental results co-relate well with the entropy change of the material.

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Ambient Temperature-Responsive Mechanisms Coordinate Regulation of Flowering Time

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19103196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 3196 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hendry Susila ◽

Zeeshan Nasim ◽

Ji Ahn

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Flowering Time ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Protein Localization ◽

Temperature Response ◽

Histone Variants ◽

Temperature Sensing ◽

Future Research ◽

Temperature Perception ◽

Local Climate

In plants, environmental conditions such as temperature affect survival, growth, and fitness, particularly during key stages such as seedling growth and reproduction. To survive and thrive in changing conditions, plants have evolved adaptive responses that tightly regulate developmental processes such as hypocotyl elongation and flowering time in response to environmental temperature changes. Increases in temperature, coupled with increasing fluctuations in local climate and weather, severely affect our agricultural systems; therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which plants perceive and respond to temperature is critical for agricultural sustainability. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of ambient temperature perception as well as possible temperature sensing components in plants. Based on recent publications, we highlight several temperature response mechanisms, including the deposition and eviction of histone variants, DNA methylation, alternative splicing, protein degradation, and protein localization. We discuss roles of each proposed temperature-sensing mechanism that affects plant development, with an emphasis on flowering time. Studies of plant ambient temperature responses are advancing rapidly, and this review provides insights for future research aimed at understanding the mechanisms of temperature perception and responses in plants.

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The ETS-Domain Transcription Factor Elk-1 Regulates COX-2 Gene Expression and Inhibits Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in the Pancreaticβ-Cell Line INS-1

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2013/843462 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Xiong-Fei Zhang ◽

Yi Zhu ◽

Wen-Biao Liang ◽

Jing-Jing Zhang

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Transcriptional Regulation ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Cell Line ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cell Function ◽

Cell Dysfunction ◽

Cox 2 ◽

Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is associated with many aspects of physiological and pathological conditions, including pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, as a consequence of COX-2 gene induction, has been reported to impairβ-cell function. The molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of COX-2 gene expression are not fully understood. We previously demonstrated that transcription factor Elk-1 significantly upregulated COX-2 gene promoter activity. In this report, we used pancreaticβ-cell line (INS-1) to explore the relationships between Elk-1 and COX-2. We first investigated the effects of Elk-1 on COX-2 transcriptional regulation and expression in INS-1 cells. We thus undertook to study the binding of Elk-1 to its putative binding sites in the COX-2 promoter. We also analysed glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in INS-1 cells that overexpressed Elk-1. Our results demonstrate that Elk-1 efficiently upregulates COX-2 expression at least partly through directly binding to the −82/−69 region of COX-2 promoter. Overexpression of Elk-1 inhibits GSIS in INS-1 cells. These findings will be helpful for better understanding the transcriptional regulation of COX-2 in pancreaticβ-cell. Moreover, Elk-1, the transcriptional regulator of COX-2 expression, will be a potential target for the prevention ofβ-cell dysfunction mediated by PGE2.

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