Combination of Hydroxychloroquine, Melatonin and Mercaptopurine as possible intervention for prophylaxis and treatment of Novel COVID-19 infection

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyan Vardhan ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Megha Agrawal ◽  
Puneet Dhamija
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Repurposed Drugs

Background: COVID-19 has been declared as a pandemic recently and has caused many deaths worldwide. Till date no effective drug or vaccine is available against SARS-CoV-2. There is an urgent need to find effective alternative preventive and treatment strategies to deal with SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Objective: This communication proposes a new potential drug combination (repurposed) for prophylaxis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Methods and Materials: We performed a brief review of literature on combination of Hydroxychloroquine, Melatonin and Mercaptopurine for prophylaxis and treatment of Novel COVID-19 infection and also assessed their possible mechanism of action against SARS-CoV-2. Observation: Proposed combination seems to be safe and target is unlikely to develop resistance to this combination. Conclusion: This scientific review proposes potential repurposed drugs and their combination targeting SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: This scientific review proposes potential candidate repurposed drugs and potential drug combinations targeting 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2.

Role of Flavonoids in Neurodegenerative Disorders with Special Emphasis on Tangeritin

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 581-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambreen Fatima ◽  
Yasir Hasan Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plant Polyphenols ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Brain

Flavonoids are naturally occurring plant polyphenols found universally in all fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. They have emerged as a promising candidate in the formulation of treatment strategies for various neurodegenerative disorders. The use of flavonoid rich plant extracts and food in dietary supplementation have shown favourable outcomes. The present review describes the types, properties and metabolism of flavonoids. Neuroprotective role of various flavonoids and the possible mechanism of action in the brain against the neurodegeneration have been described in detail with special emphasis on the tangeritin.

Choosing the drug to treat hypertension

1971 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Hypotensive Drugs ◽  
The Many

In most patients with sustained elevation of blood pressure the diagnosis is that of essential hypertension. With the many hypotensive drugs now available, it may be difficult to decide which drug, or drug combination, should be given to a particular patient. The decision is particularly important because treatment is usually life-long and the aim is to find an effective drug regime which suits the patient and produces minimal unwanted effects.

scholarly journals Structure and Functional Role of Bacterial CRISPR System

2011 ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Shashkova ◽  
A. A. Goryaev ◽  
N. I. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Crispr System ◽  
Structural Peculiarities ◽  
Putative Mechanism

Presented is the review of literature data on the recently discovered system of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), which takes part in the defense against penetration of alien genetic information in prokaryotes. CRISPR structural peculiarities and functions, and putative mechanism of action are described. Also presented are data on the availability of this system in particularly dangerous infections agents and on the possibility of its application for molecular typing.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Isolated Ureteral Diaphragmatic Herniation: Case Report and Review of Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nassib Abou Heidar ◽  
Hussein Elsemesmani ◽  
Ahmad Elamine ◽  
Mustafa Natout
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Serial Imaging ◽  
Renal Obstruction ◽  
Ureteral Stenting ◽  
Diaphragmatic Herniation

Diaphragmatic ureteral hernias are rare causes of ipsilateral renal obstruction. Management strategies varies from conservative to ureteral stenting to operative herniorraphy and reduction. We present a case of a 71-year-old man who was found to have an incidental right ureteral diaphragmatic herniation causing an asymptomatic kidney obstruction. He was managed conservatively with no evidence of increased hydronephrosis on serial imaging and no deterioration of biochemical renal function. We review all similar cases published in the literature and discuss the optimal treatment strategies.

scholarly journals The difference between native septic arthritis and prosthetic joint infections: A review of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 230949901986046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Lucas Roerdink ◽  
Henricus Johannus Theodorus Antoniu Huijbregts ◽  
Antoine Willy Tonny van Lieshout ◽  
Martijn Dietvorst ◽  
Babette Corine van der Zwaard
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infections ◽  
The Difference

Current literature occasionally considers septic arthritis in native joints and prosthetic joint infections as equal pathologies. However, significant differences can be identified. The aim of this review of literature is to describe these differences in definitions, pathology, diagnostic workups, treatment strategies, and prognosis.

Update on treatment strategies for anaplastic glioma: a review of literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 977-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Simonetti ◽  
P. Gaviani ◽  
A. Innocenti ◽  
A. Botturi ◽  
E. Lamperti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Anaplastic Glioma ◽  
Review Of Literature

scholarly journals Review: Intracardiac intracellular angiotensin system in diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (5) ◽  
pp. R510-R517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Qian Chen Yong ◽  
Candice M. Thomas ◽  
Kenneth M. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Local System ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Cardiac Pathophysiology ◽  
Different Cell Types

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has mainly been categorized as a circulating and a local tissue RAS. A new component of the local system, known as the intracellular RAS, has recently been described. The intracellular RAS is defined as synthesis and action of ANG II intracellularly. This RAS appears to differ from the circulating and the local RAS, in terms of components and the mechanism of action. These differences may alter treatment strategies that target the RAS in several pathological conditions. Recent work from our laboratory has demonstrated significant upregulation of the cardiac, intracellular RAS in diabetes, which is associated with cardiac dysfunction. Here, we have reviewed evidence supporting an intracellular RAS in different cell types, ANG II's actions in cardiac cells, and its mechanism of action, focusing on the intracellular cardiac RAS in diabetes. We have discussed the significance of an intracellular RAS in cardiac pathophysiology and implications for potential therapies.

scholarly journals Prediction of Effective Drug Combinations by Chemical Interaction, Protein Interaction and Target Enrichment of KEGG Pathways

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Bi-Qing Li ◽  
Ming-Yue Zheng ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Kai-Yan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Drug Combinations ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Target Enrichment ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Key Features

Drug combinatorial therapy could be more effective in treating some complex diseases than single agents due to better efficacy and reduced side effects. Although some drug combinations are being used, their underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Therefore, it is of great interest to deduce a novel drug combination by their molecular mechanisms in a robust and rigorous way. This paper attempts to predict effective drug combinations by a combined consideration of: (1) chemical interaction between drugs, (2) protein interactions between drugs’ targets, and (3) target enrichment of KEGG pathways. A benchmark dataset was constructed, consisting of 121 confirmed effective combinations and 605 random combinations. Each drug combination was represented by 465 features derived from the aforementioned three properties. Some feature selection techniques, including Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance and Incremental Feature Selection, were adopted to extract the key features. Random forest model was built with its performance evaluated by 5-fold cross-validation. As a result, 55 key features providing the best prediction result were selected. These important features may help to gain insights into the mechanisms of drug combinations, and the proposed prediction model could become a useful tool for screening possible drug combinations.

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