Collocational choices in the discourse activities of select paramilitary formations in Nigeria

This paper investigated the collocational choices used among three Nigerian paramilitary formations in their official discourse activities with a view to ascertaining the contextual meanings of the lexical choices. Data for the study were collected by means of participant observation and key informant interview (KII) of randomly selected segments of members in the office environment, patrol duties and muster parades. The findings showed that personnel of the formations used peculiar collocational choices in their formal discourse engagements with a high level of competence that enhanced in-group mutual intelligibility and solidarity. Categorically, the collocational choices occurred in eight different combinations: noun-noun, adjective-noun, verb-noun, adverb-adjective, adverb-verb, adverb-noun, noun-adjective and verb-adverb lexically compatible to advance institutionally modelled meanings. The lexical collocations are prominently two content words in the open class system consciously devised to communicate professional orientation for the discharge of their security and safety-related statutory duties.

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Labour Emigration From Ethiopia

International Journal of Public Sociology and Sociotherapy ◽

10.4018/ijpss.2021070103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 33-50

Author(s):

Ebabu Chekole Mengistu

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Key Informant ◽

The World ◽

High Level ◽

Key Informant Interview

In recent years, the magnitude and complexity of movements have brought increased attention to the phenomenon of emigration which affects nearly all countries in the world. In developing countries, labour emigration is extremely complex. The main objective of the study is to explore the trends, causes, and challenges of labour emigration from Ethiopia. In-depth interview, key informant interview, observation, and document analysis were used as methods of data collection. Content and document analysis techniques were used to analyze the data. The results of the study show that there is a high level of labour emigration from Ethiopia. Labour emigration from Ethiopia is mostly associated with economic factors such as unemployment, underemployment, and the search for better life in the destination countries. The institutional structure and inter-institutional collaboration in relation to labour emigration are informed by a fragmented framework. As a result, Ethiopian migrant workers are highly vulnerable to human rights violations.

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In a War with the Virus: Science, People and Politics

Interações Sociedade e as novas modernidades ◽

10.31211/interacoes.n40.2021.e1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 130-148

Author(s):

Deepak Gupta

Keyword(s):

Political Communication ◽

Age Groups ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Marketing Strategies ◽

Health Concern ◽

Key Informant ◽

The World ◽

Repurposed Drugs ◽

High Level ◽

Key Informant Interview

The world, attacked by a malicious virus in the last quarter of the year 2019 termed it as SARS-CoV-2 (WHO) and manifestation of the ‘disease’ caused due to this virus was dubbed as COVID-19. Transmitting through respiratory-tract, it has already impacted millions of people, with a high mortality in vulnerable age groups. It is reckoned that the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic is a major public health concern with equally dire health consequences with critical environmental and economic impacts. Scientific community developed multiple vaccines and repurposed drugs for the COVID-19; however, the vaccination against this pathogen still throws a huge challenge of low uptake across the world. There are two dimensions to COVID-19 vaccination programme, i.e. ensuring equitable access and the positive behaviour change marketing strategies. People acknowledge that this pandemic is primarily a ‘behavioural practices’ issue, including at community levels. The outrage of the ‘infodemic’ (spread of misinformation) is gaining currency especially through social media and digital space. The technical area of health communication has assumed a high-level of tilted ‘political communication’ in many countries. It is, therefore, time to witness more of science in politics than politics in science. The article includes a key informant interview with a former WHO expert.

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Kulpuja: A Ritual and Behavior of Magar

Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology ◽

10.3126/dsaj.v5i0.6366 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 235-246

Author(s):

Prakash Prasad Sapkota

Keyword(s):

Unique Feature ◽

Participant Observation ◽

Group Discussion ◽

The Body ◽

Generation Gap ◽

Primary Data ◽

Human Beings ◽

Key Informant ◽

And Behavior ◽

Key Informant Interview

Human beings take themselves superior for having the capacity of development of culture to their environment for survival. From the beginning of civilization, people prepared, accumulated the knowledge and preserved it as a form of culture. Culture is the body of thought and knowledge both theoretical and practical, which only man can possess. It is the sum total of achievements which develops traits by traits. Among them kulpuja ritual is one of the central traits. In this paper, I explore why rituals like kulpuja are celebrated and what relation they have with the behavior of the indigenous people—the Magars of Langaun of Baglung district, western Nepal. The research was carried out by using descriptive and explanatory research design. Participant observation, group discussion and key informant interview were carried out to collect the primary data. The Magars are rich in their ritual activities; among them kulpuja is the most important one. Like other castes and many ethnic groups of the world, the Magars of Langaun also sacrifice and offer chicken and black pig’s heart for their ancestral god. They believe on supreme power which is able for the termination of the evil eyes as well as other obstacles and illness by the happiness of their ancestral god. The offering of a live heart is a unique feature which is carried out emotionally. The rate of generation gap is clearly seen between the members of Magars. The elders are worried about the increasing rate of dependency in their offspring and feel how the children are able to survive within their environment. The importance of this ritual bind among the members of the community is deteriorating continuously in the name of modernization in younger members of the community.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v5i0.6366 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 5, 2011: 235-46

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ETHIOPIA: TOMO – INDIGENOUS CONFLICT RESOLUTION MECHANISM OF THE BENC COMMUNITY

Conflict Studies Quarterly ◽

10.24193/csq.36.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 83-94

Author(s):

Tagel WONDIMU

Keyword(s):

Conflict Resolution ◽

Participant Observation ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Data Sources ◽

Future Generations ◽

Court System ◽

Her Family ◽

Key Informant ◽

Key Informant Interview

Tomo indigenous conflict resolution approach is practiced by the Benč ethnic group and their neighboring communities within the southwestern fringe of Ethiopia. As an indigenous apparatus, the Tomo approach exhibits spirituality through blessing and cursing which are directed against the accused based on complying or contravening the very indigenous dispute management rules and regulations. The objective of this study was exploring the custom through which the studied community deals with conflict by using the indigenous Tomo approach. In pursuit of this objective, the researcher utilized a qualitative approach, particularly phenomenology. In terms of data collection tools, the researcher used key-informant interview with selected Benč ritual leaders, non-participant observation on Tomo adjudication sessions and critical document analysis. Built up on such data sources, the findings of the study discovered five inferences. First, regardless of the fact that Tomo is an indigenous approach owed by Benč communities, none of the Benč neighboring communities make use ofit. Secondly, the majority of cases seen by Tomo institution are issues that deify credible eyewitness and are cumbersome for verification and/or falsification within the mainstream court system. Thirdly, unlike the habitual Tomo practice within the Benč community, contemporary Tomo exhibits two conflicting formality and informality characteristics. Due to its semi-formal nature, contemporary Tomo ritual leaders notify charges against the presumed wrongdoer by sending an invitation letter for the accused to attend the charges against him/her, comparable with formal courts. Contrary to this formality, contemporary Tomo is also characterized by informality due to the fact that verdicts given against the perpetrator are passed through ritual cursing just like the habitual Tomo. Furthermore, identical with the habitual Tomo practice, cursing within contemporary Tomo goes the presumed wrongdoer including his/her family up to some future generations along with those who feast and bury the presumed wrongdoer. Overall, contemporary Tomo has terrifying delinquency deterring outcome along with the accustomed indigenous conflict resolution mechanism features. Keywords: conflict, conflict resolution, indigenous conflict resolution, Tomo.

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Equitable Access of Naloxone Programs in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.336 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

L Martignetti ◽

W Sun

Keyword(s):

Service Providers ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Equitable Access ◽

Descriptive Phenomenology ◽

Environmental Scan ◽

Key Informant ◽

Timely Access ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

New Policies ◽

Key Informant Interview

Abstract Background In 2019 there were over 1500 opioid-related deaths in the province of Ontario, Canada. While the opioid crisis is affecting many socioeconomic groups and communities across Canada not all are being affected equally despite the presence of naloxone distribution programs in Ontario. This qualitative exploratory study seeks to understand facilitators and barriers that influence equitable access of naloxone programs in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. Methods An environmental scan will be conducted to examine the availability and distribution of naloxone across community pharmacies and organizations in Durham Region. A qualitative descriptive phenomenology will be the methodological approach where key informant interviews will explore experiences of users and providers of naloxone programs. Key informants will include service providers and clients of both Ontario Naloxone Program and Ontario Naloxone Program for Pharmacies in Durham Region. The harm reduction framework will be used to guide data analysis where thematic analysis will be conducted to generate overarching themes about the phenomenon. Results The environmental scan will result in the creation of a map outlining availability and distribution of naloxone programs to examine possible gaps that exist in Durham Region. It is expected that key informant interview findings will help understand where inequity exists in accessing Ontario's naloxone programs in Durham Region by highlighting its barriers and facilitators. Conclusions Findings generated will be used for larger scale studies in the future examining equitable access of naloxone distribution programs in Canada. This study will have implications to provide recommendations to policymakers for developing new policies to facilitate timely access of naloxone to mitigate risk of opioid-related harms. Key messages This research will help to better understand the inequities that exist in Ontario's naloxone distribution programs. This research will help to inform recommendations to improve policies surrounding Ontario's naloxone distribution programs.

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Determinants of Patient and Surrogate Experiences With Acute Care Research Consent: A Key Informant Interview Study

Journal of the American Heart Association ◽

10.1161/jaha.119.012599 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (22) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Victoria M. Scicluna ◽

Sara F. Goldkind ◽

Andrea R. Mitchell ◽

Rebecca D. Pentz ◽

Candace D. Speight ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Care ◽

Interview Study ◽

Care Research ◽

Key Informant ◽

Key Informant Interview

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INFLUENTIAL MARKETING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY THE CEMENT INDUSTRIES

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i10.2019.382 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 155-173

Author(s):

Anjay Mishra

Keyword(s):

Group Discussion ◽

Marketing Strategies ◽

Fiscal Year ◽

Depth Information ◽

Credit Period ◽

Key Informant ◽

Mind State ◽

Awareness Tool ◽

Under Construction ◽

Key Informant Interview

The study is focused to encounter the marketing strategies adopted by cement industries and suppliers. The study is conducted at Madhyapur Thimi Municipality among different level of consumer i.e house owner, supplier, contractor/mason and consultant/engineer. Out of 871 permitted under construction building of fiscal year 2016/17, 89 end consumers and 30 suppliers were selected for questionnaire survey with two different set of questionnaire. Key informant interview was conducted for in depth information while focus group discussion was done to understand influencing strategies. Bonus coupon and credit period was found to be brand promotional tools among 36.67% and 23.33% of the suppliers respectively whereas 50% of the end consumers get attracted through credit period. Credit period is the most influential marketing strategy while advertisement being the brand awareness tool to the consumer to set their brand in ‘Top of Mind’ state.

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Fishing Crafts and Gears in Buug, Dumanquillas Bay, Philippines

Journal of Environmental Science Studies ◽

10.20849/jess.v4i1.927 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Bryan L. Bitantos ◽

Lovena Grace Amor T. Dela Cruz ◽

Jay Pril M. Natuil ◽

Wellmor John R. Sabado

Keyword(s):

Economic Status ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Marine Resources ◽

Socio Economic Status ◽

Illegal Fishing ◽

Coastal Marine ◽

Key Informant ◽

Fish Catch ◽

Key Informant Interview ◽

Fishing Practices

Dumanquillas Bay is a body of saltwater and the major source of food located in the Southern Mindanao. It has been observed that marine resources and fish catch in the area are declining. This study assumed that fishing practices affect the decline of marine and fish catch in the bay. A study on the documentation of fishing practices in the area is reported here. Key informant interview (KII), focus group discussion, direct observation and document archival were used. Twenty-three (23) fishing practices were observed in the area. Based on R.A. 10654 or the Philippine Fisheries Code, five (5) fishing practices were identified in the bay which are illegal. These are “pahulbot sa lalum”, “pahulbot sa mabaw”, “panubli”, “panguryente” and “troll” that destroys sea grasses, coral reefs and the sea beds. The illegal fishing practices identified poses a threat to the marine resources. It implies weak implementation of fishing policies among the LGU’s and other concerned government institutions and NGA’s. Capacity building, CEPA campaign and committed implementation of the Philippine Fisheries Code (R.A. 10654) should be implemented by the PAMB and stakeholders in the community to manage the remaining coastal marine resources thereby uplifting the socio-economic status of the coastal community and achieve sustainability.

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