scholarly journals The importance of energy efficient in wireless sensor networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Ellon Mask ◽  
Surgey Brown ◽  
Wood Lucky ◽  
Lorry Peter
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Mobile Data ◽  
Mobile Data Collectors

Mobile Node-based routing is an efficient routing technique compared to traditional approaches. Due to this FERP majorly data isolation is provided for sensor nodes, and the network is more energy efficient. The Mobile data collector collects data from only Family heads and forwards to the cluster head. The Node level energy saving scheme is proposed in this work. The performance of this routing protocol is assessed based on Energy consumption, Throughput, Lifetime, Packet Delivery Ratio, Energy efficiency. Most of the Energy is saved due to the introducing of mobile nodes for data collection. Apart from this, we are reducing the load for mobile data collectors also. In general, mobile data collectors have high energy resources. But it is not possible in all terrains. This FERP gives better results in military and plateaus, and irregular terrains where multihop communication is complex. This work is further enhanced by Trust node based routing to improve the lifetime of the network.

scholarly journals Designing an Energy Efficient Clustering in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
Lakshmi M ◽  
Prashanth C R
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Optimum Energy ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering ◽  
Secured Data

Designing an energy-efficient scheme in a Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (HWSN) is a critical issue that degrades the network performance. Recharging and providing security to the sensor devices is very difficult in an unattended environment once the energy is drained off. A Clustering scheme is an important and suitable approach to increase energy efficiency and transmitting secured data which in turn enhances the performance in the network. The proposed algorithm Energy Efficient Clustering (EEC) works for optimum energy utilization in sensor nodes. The algorithm is proposed by combining the rotation-based clustering and energy-saving mechanism for avoiding the node failure and prolonging the network lifetime. This shows MAC layer scheduling is based on optimum energy utilization depending on the residual energy. In the proposed work, a densely populated network is partitioned into clusters and all the cluster heads are formed at a time and selected on rotation based on considering the highest energy of the sensor nodes. Other cluster members are accommodated in a cluster based on Basic Cost Maximum flow (BCMF) to allow the cluster head for transmitting the secured data. Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA), a contention window based protocol is used at the MAC layer for collision detection and to provide channel access prioritization to HWSN of different traffic classes with reduction in End to End delay, energy consumption, and improved throughput and Packet delivery ratio(PDR) and allowing the cluster head for transmission without depleting the energy. Simulation parameters of the proposed system such as Throughput, Energy, and Packet Delivery Ratio are obtained and compared with the existing system.

scholarly journals REGION BASED CLUSTERING FOR DATA COLLECTION IN WSN

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 6913-6919
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Improved Performance

The lower cost and easier installation of the WSNs than the wired counterpart pushes industry and academia to pay more attention to this promising technology. Large scale networks of small energy-constrained sensor nodes require techniques and protocols which are scalable, robust, and energy-efficient. The most efficient approach provided by clustering the nodes is hierarchy. The one node will send the data to another node and the another node will send to its neightbouring node. In smart cities, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) act as a type of core infrastructure that collects data from the city to implement smart services. Our thesis work included the region based clustering, cluster head selection and energy efficient communication using static base station and movable mobile nodes. Since it was earlier proposed that clustering improves the network lifetime. We modified the region based clustering by dividing the network area into n regions with cluster head chosen for each region and proposed a new method for cluster head selection having less computational complexity. It was also found that the modified approach has improved performance to that of the other clustering approaches. We have used the mobile nodes for each section with controlled trajectory path as a reference to compare the performance of each of the clustering methods.

scholarly journals EEM-MAC: Enhanced Energy Efficient Mobility aware MAC protocol for Mobile Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diniesh VC ◽  
Murugesan G
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Channel Access ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Control Packet ◽  
Average Power Consumption

Abstract Mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSNs) have become a foremost solution in many emerging applications both in industry and academia. Moreover, considering the mobile node in WSN is a challenging task to designing efficient communication protocols, specifically at a medium access control (MAC) layer. Most of the existing protocols consider only for static and slow mobility. To meet with future MIoT applications, in this paper we propose Enhanced Energy Efficient Mobility aware MAC (EMM-MAC) protocol. Our EMM-MAC protocol consists of 3 contributions i) static synchronization and mobility handling phase to support both environments, ii) By using queue length-based channel access priority for static nodes, and iii) the combined highest signal strength and node status-based channel access priority for mobile nodes without any control packet overhead. The simulation results verify that EMM-MAC yields a notable improvement in the average power consumption, packet latency, and packet delivery ratio performances against the well-known mobility-aware MAC protocols under different mobility models and environments.

An Energy-Efficient Model for Opportunistic Data Collection in IoV-Enabled SC Waste Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Gerald K. Ijemaru ◽  
Ericmoore T. Ngharamike ◽  
Emmanuel U. Oleka ◽  
Augustine O. Nwajana
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Access Point ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Mobile Data Collectors ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Recent advancements in technological research have seen the use of mobile data collectors (MDCs) or data MULEs for wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. In the context of smart city (SC) waste management scenarios, vehicular networks or the internet of Vehicles (IoV) can be exploited as MDCs or data MULEs for data collection and transmission purposes from the sparsely distributed smart sensors that are attached to the smart bins to an access point or sink node and further deployed for waste management operations. A major challenge with the traditional methods of data collection using static sink nodes is the high energy consumption of the sensor-nodes. The use of MDCs has been well studied and shown to be energy efficient. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this scheme has not been exploited for waste management operations in a SC. Compared to the centralized schemes, the data MULE scheme presents several advantages for data collection in WSN applications. This chapter proposes an energy-efficient model for opportunistic data collection in IoV-enabled SC waste management operations.

scholarly journals Network coding based energy efficient LEACH protocol for WSN

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Tamilselvan Tamilselvan ◽  
K. Gandhimathi
Keyword(s):  
Network Coding ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Leach Protocol

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of low cost tiny sensor nodes with limited energy resource, so it is a tedious task to develop energy efficient routing schemes that enhances the network lifetime. In WSN, clustering is used to improve the efficiency of finite energy resource. LEACH protocol is one of the widely used clustering techniques in WSN. So, in this paper, an energy efficient LEACH protocol is designed with network coding for WSN. Initially, the clusters are formed with the LEACH protocol, where it uses the residual energy metric and drain rate to select the cluster heads.  Since network coding is an optimal technique to enhance the network performance by minimizing the number of transmissions, it is incorporated into the LEACH Protocol, where it has been applied at the cluster head levels. Furthermore, the next level of network coding is processed at a node by selecting any of the nodes as a master node. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better than the EE-LEACH and LEACH protocol in terms of network lifetime, packet delivery ratio.

The Research of Data Gathering Protocol for Mobile Sensor Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 621-624
Author(s):  
Xin Lian Zhou ◽  
Jian Bo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
Sink Node ◽  
Mobile Sensor ◽  
The Impact

This paper first proposed an energy-efficient distributed clustering technology for mobile sensor nodes and sink node mobility, select the higher residual energy and the nearest node from fixed nodes as cluster heads responsible for collecting sensed data, and all the fixed nodes form routing backbone to forward data, both can save energy and avoid cluster head away. Then, proposed a cross-layer scheduling mechanism to avoid the impact of mobile node and meet expectations cluster coverage. With energy-efficient clustering technology, efficient network topology control technology and mobile sink node, the data collection algorithm MSDBG, not only has considered mobility of nodes and energy saving, but also has achieved prolonging network lifetime.

scholarly journals FOC-MOP – Fuzzy Optimal Clustering based Multi-Objective Parameter Route Selection for Energy Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pogula Sreed ◽  
S. Venkateswarlu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Node Degree ◽  
Emperor Penguin ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Ch Selection

Abstract Recently, the research area interest towards the development of wireless sensor network (WSN) has increased. However, WSNs have one of significant issues as improving an energy-efficient routing protocol. A WSN has a crucial problem of energy consumption that effects the network lifetime as sensor nodes have a limitation of power. To overcome these limitations, it’s required to improve energy-efficient communication protocols for WSNs. Different types of techniques have considered by various research communities for providing energy-efficient solutions for WSNs. The energy consumption reduces using the clustering as an efficient data collection method and the collected data forward to a cluster-head which belong to the nodes in clustered networks. The information transmits to BS (base station) either in an uncompressed or compressed manner after collecting all data by a cluster-head from all member nodes. Based on other cluster-heads, the data transmit in a multi-hop network. Due to the heavy inter-cluster relay, earlier death happens to the cluster-heads (CHs) that locates very closely to the sink. Therefore, a fuzzy optimal CH selection algorithm has proposed to select the optimal CHs to improve the lifetime. Based on different parameters like cluster load, communication cost, neighbour density, node degree, inter and intra cluster distance, and node energy, the proposed algorithm of CH selection chooses the CHs. To determine an optimal route for transmitting the data from CH to sink, the modified Emperor Penguin Optimization (EPO) uses after selecting the CH. The proposed technique implements and compares with other earlier methods in terms of packet delivery ratio, lifetime, energy consumption, end to end delay and throughput. The proposed approach shows best performance than the other methods based on the simulation results.

scholarly journals HETRP: High Energy Efficient Trustable Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1034-1042
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Head Node ◽  
Predetermined Level

Wireless sensor network environment based on limited resources technology. Energy is one of the most significant resources in such systems, so ideal utilization of energy is essential. A high energy efficient with trustable routingprotocol for Wireless_Sensor_Networks covered under this_paper. The protocol is trustworthy as far as data conveyance at the Base_Station. We assumed about portability in sensor nodes and in the base station. The proposed protocol depends on the cluster and hierarchical routing protocols. All clusters comprises of unique cluster-head-node and two-deputy-clusterhead-nodes, and several normal sensor-nodes. The cluster-head panel model introduced to optimize the re-clustering time and energy prerequisites. As consider the protocol trustworthiness, it lays finest exertion to guarantee a predetermined level of performance at the base-station. Contingent upon the network topology, transmit data from cluster head node to base station that done either by direct or indirect i.e. multi-hop way. Also, substitute ways are utilized for data transmission between a cluster head node and the base station. Thorough NS2 simulation-results delineate energy-efficiency, throughput, and delayed-lifetime of sensor-nodes affected by the proposedprotocol.

Distributed Entropy Energy-Efficient Clustering algorithm for cluster head selection (DEEEC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 8139-8147
Author(s):  
Ranganathan Arun ◽  
Rangaswamy Balamurugan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Ch Selection

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) the energy of Sensor nodes is not certainly sufficient. In order to optimize the endurance of WSN, it is essential to minimize the utilization of energy. Head of group or Cluster Head (CH) is an eminent method to develop the endurance of WSN that aggregates the WSN with higher energy. CH for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication becomes dependent. For complete, in WSN, the Energy level of CH extends its life of cluster. While evolving cluster algorithms, the complicated job is to identify the energy utilization amount of heterogeneous WSNs. Based on Chaotic Firefly Algorithm CH (CFACH) selection, the formulated work is named “Novel Distributed Entropy Energy-Efficient Clustering Algorithm”, in short, DEEEC for HWSNs. The formulated DEEEC Algorithm, which is a CH, has two main stages. In the first stage, the identification of temporary CHs along with its entropy value is found using the correlative measure of residual and original energy. Along with this, in the clustering algorithm, the rotating epoch and its entropy value must be predicted automatically by its sensor nodes. In the second stage, if any member in the cluster having larger residual energy, shall modify the temporary CHs in the direction of the deciding set. The target of the nodes with large energy has the probability to be CHs which is determined by the above two stages meant for CH selection. The MATLAB is required to simulate the DEEEC Algorithm. The simulated results of the formulated DEEEC Algorithm produce good results with respect to the energy and increased lifetime when it is correlated with the current traditional clustering protocols being used in the Heterogeneous WSNs.

Enhanced Adaptive Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (EADEEC) for Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar Poluru ◽  
M. Praveen Kumar Reddy ◽  
Syed Muzamil Basha ◽  
Rizwan Patan ◽  
Suresh Kallam
Keyword(s):  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Stability Period ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering

Background:Recently Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a composed of a full number of arbitrarily dispensed energy-constrained sensor nodes. The sensor nodes help in sensing the data and then it will transmit it to sink. The Base station will produce a significant amount of energy while accessing the sensing data and transmitting data. High energy is required to move towards base station when sensing and transmitting data. WSN possesses significant challenges like saving energy and extending network lifetime. In WSN the most research goals in routing protocols such as robustness, energy efficiency, high reliability, network lifetime, fault tolerance, deployment of nodes and latency. Most of the routing protocols are based upon clustering has been proposed using heterogeneity. For optimizing energy consumption in WSN, a vital technique referred to as clustering.Methods:To improve the lifetime of network and stability we have proposed an Enhanced Adaptive Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (EADEEC).Results:In simulation results describes the protocol performs better regarding network lifetime and packet delivery capacity compared to EEDEC and DEEC algorithm. Stability period and network lifetime are improved in EADEEC compare to DEEC and EDEEC.Conclusion:The EADEEC is overall Lifetime of a cluster is improved to perform the network operation: Data transfer, Node Lifetime and stability period of the cluster. EADEEC protocol evidently tells that it improved the throughput, extended the lifetime of network, longevity, and stability compared with DEEC and EDEEC.

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