The latest research on coconut oil and human health

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Rebecca Guenard ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Human Adults

A meta-analysis of clinical trials comparing the effects of coconut oil consumption with other fats focused only on controlled clinical trials performed on human adults with a duration exceeding two weeks (long enough to let blood lipid concentrations stabilize).coconut oil consumption significantly increased total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol concentrations compared with non-tropical vegetable oils and significantly increased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations compared with palm oil.

Effects of diacerein intake on cardiometabolic profiles in type 2 diabetics: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Nowrouzi-Sohrabi ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Mohammad Jalali ◽  
Navid Jamali ◽  
Shahla Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

Introduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was undertaken to evaluate the effect of diacerein intake on cardiometabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 31 July 2019. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I2 ) statistic. Data were pooled using random-effect models and weighted mean difference (WMD). Results: From 1,733 citations, seven clinical trials were eligible for inclusion and meta-analysis. A significant reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD -0.73; 95%CI -1.25 to -0.21; P= 0.006; I2 = 72.2%) and body mass index (BMI) (WMD -0.55; 95%CI -1.03 to -0.07; P= 0.026; I2 = 9.5%) were identified. However, no significant effect of diacerein intake was identified on fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD - 9.00; 95%CI -22.57 to 4.57; P= 0.194; I2 = 60.5%), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD 0.39; 95%CI 0.95 to 1.73; P= 0.569; I2 = 2.2%), body weight (WMD -0.54; 95%CI -1.10 to 0.02; P= 0.059), triglycerides (WMD -0.56; 95%CI -24.16 to 23.03; P= 0.963; I2 = 0.0%), total-cholesterol (WMD -0.21; 95%CI -12.19 to 11.78; P= 0.973; I2 = 0.0%), HDL-cholesterol (WMD -0.96; 95%CI -2.85 to 0.93; P= 0.321; I2 = 0.0%), and LDL-cholesterol levels (WMD -0.09; 95%CI -8.43 to 8.25; P= 0.983; I2 = 37.8%). Conclusion: Diacerein intake may reduce HbA1c and BMI; however, no evidence of effect was observed for FBS, HOMA-IR, body weight, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol.

Abstract P065: Effects of Palm Oil Consumption on Blood Lipids: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Sun ◽  
Nithya Neelakantan ◽  
Yi Wu ◽  
Rob M van Dam
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: Palm oil is among the most commonly consumed cooking oils worldwide and, in contrast to most other vegetable oils, contains a high amount of saturated fatty acids. It has been suggested that palm oil has unique characteristics resulting in less detrimental effects on blood lipids than expected from its fat content. We therefore evaluated the effect of palm oil consumption on blood lipid concentrations as compared with vegetable oils high in natural unsaturated fatty acids, partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (rich in trans -fat), or animal fats. Methods: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases up to 31 October 2012 for trials of at least 2 weeks that compared the effects of palm oil consumption with at least one of the aforementioned comparison oils. Data on effects on total, LDL and HDL cholesterols and triglycerides were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Results: A total of 25 studies were identified comparing palm oil with natural highly unsaturated vegetable oils. Palm oil significantly increased total cholesterol by 0.32 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.19, 0.44; I 2 =85.9%), increased LDL cholesterol by 0.20 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.09, 0.32; I 2 =82.9%), and increased HDL cholesterol by 0.02 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.01, 0.04; I 2 =56%) as compared with control oils. The considerable amount of heterogeneity in study results were partly explained by the type of control oil used, funding source, geographical location, and level of intake of test oil. Statistical tests suggested that this meta-analysis might be subject to publication bias. Eight studies were identified comparing palm oil with partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. When compared to trans -fat rich oils, palm oil significantly increased HDL cholesterol by 0.07 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.09; I 2 =19.2%). However, palm oil did not significantly change total cholesterol (0.15 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.33), LDL cholesterol (0.11 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.27), or triglycerides (-0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.12, 0.07). Geographical location, method of preparation of test oils, and level of intake of trans -fat in control intervention were contributors to the heterogeneity in the study results. The pooled results from the 2 studies on comparison between palm oil and animal fats did not show a significant difference between the two dietary groups for total cholesterol (0.00 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.08, 0.08), LDL cholesterol (-0.01 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.08, 0.07), HDL cholesterol (0.00 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.04), or triglycerides (0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.15, 0.17). Conclusions: Palm oil consumption results in higher LDL cholesterol levels than other natural unsaturated vegetable oils. However, palm oil may be preferable to trans -fat rich oils based on its effect on HDL cholesterol. More studies are needed to evaluate the effects of palm oil consumption on incidence of coronary heart diseases.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of the health effects of using the glycaemic index in meal-planning

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maretha Opperman ◽  
Christina S. Venter ◽  
Welma Oosthuizen ◽  
Rachel L. Thompson ◽  
Hester H. Vorster
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism

Diabetes mellitus and CVD are some of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Accumulating data indicate that a diet characterised by low-glycaemic index (GI) foods may improve the management of diabetes or lipid profiles. The objective of the present meta-analysis was to critically analyse the scientific evidence that low-GI diets have beneficial effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism compared with high-GI diets. We searched for randomised controlled trials with a crossover or parallel design published in English between 1981 and 2003, investigating the effect of low-GI v. high-GI diets on markers for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Unstandardised differences in mean values were examined using the random effects model. The main outcomes were fructosamine, glycated Hb (HbA1c), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol. Literature searches identified sixteen studies that met the strict inclusion criteria. Low-GI diets significantly reduced fructosamine by –0·1 (95 % CI –0·20, 0·00) mmol/l (P=0·05), HbA1c by 0·27 (95 % CI –0·5, –0·03) % (P=0·03), total cholesterol by –0·33 (95 % CI –0·47, –0·18) mmol/l (P>0·0001) and tended to reduce LDL-cholesterol in type 2 diabetic subjects by –0·15 (95 % CI –0·31, –0·00) mmol/l (P=0·06) compared with high-GI diets. No changes were observed in HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations. No substantial heterogeneity was detected, suggesting that the effects of low-GI diets in these studies were uniform. Results of the present meta-analysis support the use of the GI as a scientifically based tool to enable selection of carbohydrate-containing foods to reduce total cholesterol and to improve overall metabolic control of diabetes.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding goat meat containing low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acid on blood lipid status of white rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1966-1970
Author(s):  
Widiyanto Widiyanto ◽  
Mulyono Mulyono ◽  
Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽  
Eko Pangestu ◽  
Marry Christiyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Low Cholesterol

Background and Aim: Healthy goat meat is an essential aspect in increasing consumer acceptance for this livestock product. The research aimed to examine the effect of goat meat containing low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acid on the performance and blood lipid status of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Materials and Methods: Thirty 2-month-old male white rats (R. norvegicus) weighing 195-230 g were randomly divided into three groups, with each group consisting of 10 rats. Group I was treated with a control feed (T0; BR I concentrate). Group II (T1) was treated with a mixed feed containing 50% control feed and 50% goat meat. Group III (T2) was treated with a mixed feed comprising 50% control feed and 50% goat meat with low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acids. Each treatment was given ad libitum for 30 days. The variables measured were dry matter and organic matter consumption, daily body weight gain, feed conversion, triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and atherogenic index (AI). The data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. Results: The total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol levels at T0, T1, and T2 were as follows: 99.97, 35.97, and 50.43 mg/dL (total cholesterol); 108.35, 33.92, and 58.17 mg/dL (HDL cholesterol); and 101.43, 38.09, and 48.65 mg/dL (LDL cholesterol). The highest HDL and the lowest LDL cholesterol levels (p<0.05) were observed in the T2 treatment group, which had the lowest AI (1.69 vs. 1.77 and 2.19). Conclusion: The consumption of goat with low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acids reduces the total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, raises the HDL cholesterol levels, and decreases the AI.

Abstract MP66: Cheese Consumption and Blood Lipids; a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette de Goede ◽  
Johanna M Geleijnse ◽  
Eric L Ding ◽  
Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

Aims: Cheese may have a different effect on lipids and lipoproteins than expected from the saturated fat content. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the effect of cheese consumption on blood lipids and lipoproteins in healthy populations. Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cababstracts, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Clinicaltrials.gov was performed to identify RCTs of cheese supplementation in human adults with total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides as a primary or secondary outcome (published until September 2013). A quantitative meta-analysis was performed if more than four RCTs with a comparable control treatment were available. Within person-differences of lipids with corresponding standard errors caused by the cheese compared to the control treatment were pooled (random effects model, STATA 11.0). Results: We identified 15 RCTs, published between 1978 and 2012. We pooled four RCTs comparing the effect of cheese intake to butter with a similar fat content on plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. The amount of cheese used in these trials was rather large, ranging between 120 and 205 g/d. This is approximately equivalent to 3 to 5 cheese servings per day. Intake of cheese (weighted mean difference: 142.6 g/d) reduced total cholesterol significantly by -0.27 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.36 to -0.18), LDL-C by -0.21 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.29 to -0.13), and HDL-C by -0.05 (95% CI: -0.08 to -0.02) compared to butter. The pooled effect on triglycerides was 0.004 (95% CI: -0.058 to 0.065). No heterogeneity was observed (all I 2 =0%). Cheese was also compared with tofu (n=4 RCTs), fat-modified cheese (n=3), CLA-rich cheese (n=3), milk (n=2), fish (n=1), egg white (n=1). Trials that compared cheese with tofu or fat-modified cheese suggest that differential effects of the products can mainly be attributed to the differences in fatty acid content of the diets. Comparisons with CLA-rich cheese were of limited value because those studied the effects of CLA (and not cheese). Too few trials with milk, egg white, and fish were available to draw conclusions. Conclusions: Based on a limited number of trials, cheese appears less hypercholesterolemic than butter with a similar fat content. Differences in plasma lipids based on cheese compared with tofu and fat-modified products are likely to be caused by the different fat content of the total diets.

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 890-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T Dibaba
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Lipid Profiles

Abstract Context Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent across the world. The existing evidence suggests vitamin D may have beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles and thus cardiovascular health. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles. Data Source Original randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles and published before July 2018 were identified by searching online databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, using a combination of relevant keywords. Data Extraction Data on study characteristics, effect size, measure of variation, type of vitamin D supplementation, and duration of follow-up were extracted by the author. Data Analysis PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Random effects (DerSimonian and Laird [D-V)] models were used to pool standardized mean differences in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides between the active and the placebo arms of RCT studies. Between-study heterogeneities were assessed using Cochrane Q and I2, and publication bias was assessed using Begg’s test, Egger’s test, and funnel plot. Results A total of 41 RCTs comprising 3434 participants (n = 1699 in the vitamin D supplementation arm and n = 1735 in the placebo arm) were identified and included in the meta-analysis. Approximately 63.4% of study participants were women, with 14 studies conducted entirely among women. Approximately 24% of the trials had follow-up duration >6 months, whereas the remaining 76% had follow-up duration of <6 months. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for comparing the change from baseline to follow-up between the vitamin D supplementation arm and the placebo (control) arm were as follows: total cholesterol = –0.17 (–0.28 to –0.06); LDL cholesterol = –0.12 (–0.23 to –0.01); triglycerides = –0.12 (–0.25 to 0.01); and HDL cholesterol = –0.19 (–0.44 to 0.06). After removing a trial that was an outlier based on the magnitude of the effect size, the SMD for triglycerides was –0.15 (–0.24 to –0.06) and that for HDL cholesterol was –0.10 (–0.28 to 0.09). The improvements in total cholesterol and triglycerides were more pronounced in participants with baseline vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation appeared to have a beneficial effect on reducing serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels but not HDL cholesterol levels. Vitamin D supplementation may be useful in hypercholesterolemia patients with vitamin D insufficiency who are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Effects of Aerobic Dancing on Homocysteine and Blood Lipid Status

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Shin Lin TSAI ◽  
Pu Hsi TSAI ◽  
Chou Chun HUANG ◽  
Tswen Kei TANG ◽  
Wein Shiang TSAI
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise ◽  
Status Level

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. Aerobic exercise can improve blood lipid status, homocysteine help for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on homocysteine and blood lipid status level. Eleven female students serve as the experiment subjects. They will do two hours of aerobic dancing without rest. They can drink water whenever they want. The intensity of exercise is between 55%~70% HRmax. Blood of the subjects will be drawn from the vein at pre-exercise, after exercise. Then the concentration of homocysteine, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol will be measured. The results showed that: After Aerobic dancing, homocysteine and triacylglycerol were significant higher (p<.05) than per exercise. LDL-cholesterol in the post Aerobic dancing was significant lower (p<.05) than pre exercise. There were no significant differences in HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol between pre-exercise and post­exercise. The results indicated that moderate-intensity aerobic dancing can improve blood lipid status. 有氧運動可以預防心血管疾病，而同半胱胺酸都與心血管疾病有關，因此本研究的目的在探討單次有氧舞蹈前後對同半胱胺酸及血脂狀態的影響。本研究以十一位女性大學生為受試者，從事連續二小時的有氧舞蹈，運動期間並不休息，可自由飲水，並將運動強度控制在55%~70%最大心跳率。在運動前後測量血漿中同半胱胺酸、總膽固醇、三酸甘油酯、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇及高密度脂蛋白膽固醇。結果發現：有氧舞蹈後同半胱胺酸及三酸甘油脂顯著增加，低密度脂蛋白膽固醇運動後顯著降低，其他則沒有改變。顯示中等強度的有氧舞蹈可以改善血脂狀況。

The Effect of Palm Oil on Health Outcomes: A Protocol for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Controlled Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahab-aldin Akbarian ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadi ◽  
Sara Beigrezaei
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: It is suggested that palm oil consumption might increase chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease. Previous studies that investigated the effect of palm oil intake on anthropometric measures, blood glucose control, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers have led to inconsistent results. This is while no systematic review and meta-analysis has been performed to summarize the data in this regard. Objectives: The present study describes a protocol for a range of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to examine the effect of palm oil intake on body weight and fat, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, liver enzymes, blood pressure, and blood glucose control indices. Methods: ISI web of science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar will be searched using medical subject heading (MeSH) and non-MeSH keywords. Controlled clinical trials will be selected based on predefined eligibility criteria. The intra-study risk of bias will be checked by using the Cochrane collaboration tool. Mean difference (MD) (the difference between mean change values in the intervention group/period and control group/period) and its corresponding standard deviation will be calculated to be used as effect size. A random-effects meta-analysis will be performed to pool the results. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression will be conducted to explore the possible sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted by removing the studies one-by-one from the overall analyses. Publication bias will be assessed by inspecting funnel plots and asymmetry tests. Conclusion: The results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses might provide helpful data about the effects of palm oil consumption on different aspects of health among adults. The evidence provided by the results of systematic reviews can be useful for dietitians, clinicians, public health policy-makers, and the public.

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