Alternative Livelihood” Strategy to Improve Social Resilience of Fisher Households: a Case Study in Nembrala Village of Rote Ndao Regency

Governments, multilateral organisations, and international conservation NGOs increasingly frame nature conservation in terms that emphasise the importance of technically managing and economically valuing nature, and introducing markets for ecosystem services. New mechanisms, such as REDD+, have been incorporated in national-level policy reforms, and have been piloted and implemented in rural project settings across the Global South. By reflecting on my research on REDD+ implementation in two case study villages in Tanzania, the paper argues that the emergence and nature of market-based conservation are multi-faceted, complex, and more profoundly shaped by structural challenges than is commonly acknowledged. The paper identifies three particularly important challenges: the politics surrounding the establishment of community-based forest management; the mismatch between formal governance institutions and actual practices on the ground; and the fickleness of income from carbon sales and alternative livelihood opportunities. I argue that these challenges are not merely teething troubles, but they question fundamental assumptions of market-based conservation, more generally. I end with reference to better ideas for achieving sustainable development.

Download Full-text

Social Resilience in the Labour Market: Learning from Young Adults with Visual Impairments in Oslo and Delhi

Young ◽

10.1177/1103308820977397 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 110330882097739

Author(s):

Gagan Chhabra

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Labour Market ◽

Visual Impairments ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Social Resilience ◽

Gainful Employment ◽

Employment Barriers ◽

Market Learning

Globally, young adults with visual impairments (YAVI) encounter multiple employment barriers. However, many circumscribe the risk of labour market exclusion and secure gainful employment. This article surfaces protective factors that enable some qualified YAVI from Oslo and Delhi to participate in the labour market. It answers what similar individual and structural protective factors enable YAVI to overcome employment barriers in Oslo and Delhi. The article is theoretically couched in the three dimensions of social resilience linked to the individual’s coping, adaptive and transformative capacities, which are mediated by formal institutions, that is, disability organizations and public employment agencies. This comparative article is based on a qualitative case study wherein 29 YAVI were interviewed. It sparks a much-needed cross-national dialogue within youth studies and disability research to view YAVI as resourceful agents and not passive actors.

Download Full-text

Enhancing Social Resilience of the Coastal Fishing Communities: A Case Study of Hilsa (Tenualosa Ilisha H.) Fishery in Bangladesh

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10103501 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 3501 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mohammad Mozumder ◽

Md. Wahab ◽

Simo Sarkki ◽

Petra Schneider ◽

Mohammad Islam

Keyword(s):

Local Level ◽

Small Scale ◽

Social Resilience ◽

Income Loss ◽

Social Ecological ◽

The Social ◽

Alternative Means ◽

Building Community ◽

Distribution Of Power

Social resilience is an essential aspect of sustainability in environmental management, especially in poor resource-dependent communities. To better understand the dynamics of social resilience, we have conducted a primarily qualitative study of communities dependent on hilsa fishing in two coastal villages in southern Bangladesh. This study applies concepts of social-ecological system (SES), social resilience and co-management in outlining our qualitative data and framing its interpretation. Our findings show that while the establishment of hilsa sanctuary areas has enhanced the previously low ecological sustainability of local small-scale fishing, the management of this program has challenged the social resilience of hilsa fishers by creating new inequalities in the distribution of power and privilege, in terms of the ways in which seasonal fishing bans are enforced and compensation for income loss during the ban periods is distributed. Based on our findings, we suggest specific measures for strengthening social resilience at the local level, including building community networks, developing community infrastructures, updating existing rules and regulations, providing alternative means of generating income for fishers during the crisis periods (e.g. natural disasters and fishing ban periods) and more active sharing of responsibility between stakeholders and government for management of the hilsa fishery. These findings are also applicable to understanding the issues beyond rules and regulations that co-management arrangements need to address in order to be successful and to enhancing the function of co-management arrangements in improving social resilience within resource-dependent communities.

Download Full-text

Maize Market Integration: A Case Study of Maize Marketing In Ghana

International Journal of Technology and Management Research ◽

10.47127/ijtmr.v1i4.33 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Francis Srofenyoh

Keyword(s):

Market Integration ◽

Price Transmission ◽

Small Scale ◽

Cape Coast ◽

Agricultural Marketing ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Alternative Livelihood ◽

Long Run ◽

Consumer Markets

Agricultural marketing remains a challenge; this is because a large proportion of the population is engaged in a form of small-scale agricultural production and marketing that is characterised by a multitude of constraints and market imperfections. Paramount among the constraints are limited land availability, poor physical and legal infrastructure, high transaction costs and few available and alternative livelihood support systems. For some of these constraints to be removed, there is the need for information flow. Thus, it is believed that, spatial price transmission or market integration measures, the degree to which markets at geographically separated locations share common long-run price or trade information on a homogenous commodity. Using the co-integration approach, the results of the study using either Techiman or Kumasi as the producer markets of maize, the following markets Bolga, Wa, Ho, Tamale, Mankesim, Koforidua, Accra, Cape Coast and Takoradi/Sekond (as consumer markets) shows that there is a long run price transmission relations with the consumer markets. However, Bolgatanga market is the only exception. It is recommended that the Ministry of Food and Agriculture should intensify collection and dissemination of data on maize prices to both consuming markets and producing markets. This can be enhanced by Government establishing market information centres in these markets where both traders and farmers could go for information on the price trend of the commodity in other market(s).Keywords: Co-integration; Marketing; Market Integration; Non-stationarity; stochastic process.

Download Full-text

Progressive Farming Strategy As A Sustainable Livelihood Strategy For Marginal Land Farmers In Coastal Land Fields (Case Study in Gupit IV Hamlet, Karangsewu Village, Galur Sub District , Kulonprogo District)

Proceedings of the International Conference on Rural Studies in Asia (ICoRSIA 2018) ◽

10.2991/icorsia-18.2019.78 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rahma Hayati

Keyword(s):

Marginal Land ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Livelihood Strategy ◽

Coastal Land

Download Full-text

A Critical Review of Social Resilience Properties and Pathways in Disaster Management

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science ◽

10.1007/s13753-021-00378-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. M. Aslam Saja ◽

Melissa Teo ◽

Ashantha Goonetilleke ◽

Abdul M. Ziyath

Keyword(s):

Disaster Management ◽

Social Systems ◽

Historical Case Study ◽

Social Resilience ◽

Research Gaps ◽

Historical Case ◽

Complex Dimensions ◽

Causal Pathway ◽

Adaptive Resilience

AbstractResilience as a concept is multi-faceted with complex dimensions. In a disaster context, there is lack of consistency in conceptualizing social resilience. This results in ambiguity of its definition, properties, and pathways for assessment. A number of key research gaps exist for critically reviewing social resilience conceptualization, projecting resilience properties in a disaster-development continuum, and delineating a resilience trajectory in a multiple disaster timeline. This review addressed these research gaps by critically reviewing social resilience definitions, properties, and pathways. The review found four variations in social resilience definitions, which recognize the importance of abilities of social systems and processes in disaster phases at different levels. A review of resilience properties and pathways in the disaster resilience literature suggested new resilience properties—“risk-sensitivity” and “regenerative” in the timeline of two consecutive disasters. This review highlights a causal pathway for social resilience to better understand the resilience status in a multi-shock scenario by depicting inherent and adaptive resilience for consecutive disaster scenarios and a historical case study for a resilience trajectory in a multiple disaster timeline. The review findings will assist disaster management policymakers and practitioners to formulate appropriate resilience enhancement strategies within a holistic framework in a multi-disaster timeline.

Download Full-text

A framework for earthquake resilience at neighborhood level

International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment ◽

10.1108/ijdrbe-12-2019-0082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 557-575

Author(s):

Fereshteh Aslani ◽

Kambod Amini Hosseini ◽

Alireza Fallahi

Keyword(s):

Social Resilience ◽

Urban Neighborhood ◽

Community Based ◽

Content Type ◽

Earthquake Resilience ◽

Hierarchy Process ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Neighborhood Level ◽

New Framework

Purpose Despite long decades of research studies in the field of urban neighborhood resilience, there are still some unknown dimensions. In this regard, the study aims to develop a new framework for assessment of physical and social resilience at neighborhood level against earthquake. Design/methodology/approach Accordingly, first all indicators affecting earthquake resilience at neighborhood level have been determined. Subsequently, they have been weighted and prioritized, using analytical hierarchy process technique. One of the neighborhoods of Tehran city in Iran was selected for the case study. Then, four criteria of “robustness,” “redundancy,” “rapidity” and “resourcefulness” were considered as the basis for assessing neighborhood resilience. Findings It is shown that besides four well-known criteria, four other criteria including “adaptability,” “regularity,” “density” and “efficiency” should also be considered to assess earthquake resilience at neighborhood level. Therefore, a new framework is developed and formulated at this level. Paying attention to all eight criteria, the appropriate interventions to improve resiliency can be addressed. Practical implications This study proposes several practical approaches toward the more resilient neighborhoods against earthquakes. By considering the complexity and dynamic characteristics of earthquake resilience, it recommends the implementation of all resilience phases at every neighborhood to increase resilience. Originality/value This study proposes a framework in which in addition to physical and tangible indicators of resilience, non-physical and intangible ones are presented. Also, it is shown that besides well-known criteria, other criteria should also be considered using practical and community-based approaches.

Download Full-text