scholarly journals Awareness and Knowledge of Oral Diseases Associated with Rheumatic Patients Among Dentists in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1956-1961
Author(s):  
Hamad Nasser Albagieh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Rheumatic diseases are autoimmune and inflammatory conditions that make the immune system attack the body’s joints, muscles, bones, and organs. Oral health is proven to be associated with overall systemic health. Patients with rheumatic diseases present with multiple oral manifestations that might be the first clinical signs and symptoms of a systemic disease. The aim of this study was to assess the awareness and knowledge of dentists of the oral diseases associated with rheumatic patients in Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed aimed at the different specialties and degrees of dentistry. The total number of participants in this study was 235. The majority of participants (68.1%) agreed that there is a relationship between oral health and rheumatic disease, but only 31.1% agreed (or strongly agreed) that they have sufficient information about this association. Additionally, 34.9% agreed that there was enough information about medications that can be used in rheumatic patients and their possible side effects on the oral cavity. Almost half of the participants (46.8%) disagreed that rheumatic disease lecture(s) that have been covered at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, enough to manage rheumatic patients. The majority (64.7%) never attended any form of continuous education lecture(s) or course(s) regarding the management of oral conditions in rheumatic patients. We concluded that most of the participants agreed that there is a relation between oral health and rheumatic diseases. At the same time, they think that they do not have enough information on the association between oral health and rheumatic diseases. This is in addition to information on the medication used in rheumatic patients and their possible side effects in the oral cavity.

scholarly journals The Value of the Oral Medicine Specialty in the Modern Healthcare Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bindakhil ◽  
Scarlet Charmelo-Silva ◽  
Alhanouf A. Bin Dakhil ◽  
Ibrahim A. ALOmair
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
Training And Education

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Oral medicine is a subdiscipline of dentistry that concerns itself with the oral health of patients; it focuses on providing diagnosis and management of oral and maxillofacial diseases, as well as direct dental care for those in medically complex situations. As primary healthcare providers, physicians and dentists are often the first to evaluate patients with orofacial symptoms and make diagnoses related to oral health, whether explicit or manifested through systemic diseases. However, a lack of familiarity with oral medicine among healthcare providers often leads to significant delays in the accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of many oral and maxillofacial disorders. It has been well established that a lack of training and education in oral health among physicians is an impediment to alleviating the situation. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Several studies and scientific reports in the medical community have shown a greater professional interest in oral health and medicine, with numerous recent articles reflecting a clear rise in multiple factors: an increased interest in additional training and a rise in oral diseases. This review focuses on the need for a multidisciplinary approach in modern healthcare systems that implements the oral medicine specialty. It also serves to emphasize the role of oral medicine in medical training and education, while simultaneously discussing the prevalence of oral diseases and awareness of oral health among physicians in Saudi Arabia. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> The prevalence of oral health conditions in Saudi Arabia appears to be high yet is accompanied by a scarcity of oral medicine specialists in this part of the world. Furthermore, numerous studies have revealed that physicians from different specialties in Saudi Arabia lack training in oral health and possess an insufficient awareness of the oral medicine specialty. This paucity of oral medicine specialists in Saudi Arabia presents a key issue as the clinical services and medical education provided by such specialists in healthcare systems can have a profound positive impact on each patient’s quality of life and health outcomes, as well as the standards of physicians’ training.

scholarly journals Correlation between oral health and severity of respiratory coronavirus infection COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
A. V. Mitronin ◽  
N. A. Apresian ◽  
D. A. Ostanina ◽  
E. D. Yurtseva
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To establish the association between the presence of chronic infection in oral cavity and the severity of SARSCoV-2 infection.Materials and methods. The study was conducted among 30 people aged between18 and 22 who had had coronavirus infection from mild to severe cases. The assessment of oral health was carried out with main and additional examination methods, CFE index, PMA index, Greene, Wermillion oral hygiene index.Results. In group 1, the average value of CFE index was 4.2, in the second group – CFE index was twice higher at 7.8. PMA index in patients of group 2 was significantly higher (p> 0.01) and was at the level of 41.5%. In group 1, the PMA index was 13.3%. It was found that 17% of the respondents in the control group and 70% patients in the experimental group had an episodic exacerbation of dental diseases during COVID-19.Conclusions. The data obtained indicates a correlation between oral diseases and the severity of COVID-19. It is necessary to consider that chronic infection in the oral cavity as well as poor oral hygiene can act as a risk of complications of viral infections, in particular, of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of Chilean patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19: data from the Covid-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriela Martínez ◽  
Francisca Valenzuela ◽  
Sebastián Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
List Type ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

AbstractObjectiveThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), has registered more than 234 million confirmed cases and more than 4.7 million deaths throughout the world until October 2, 2021. During the last few months, a significant number of reports of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases have been published. In this study the objective is to report the clinical characteristics of Chilean patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 reported in the “Global Rheumatology Alliance” (GRA) physician registration platform.MethodsChilean patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 were included in the Covid-19 GRA physician-reported registry.Results54 patients were included. The most common primary rheumatic disease was rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with 28 cases (51.9%). 30 patients (55.6%) used corticosteroids, of which 20 (66.7%) used a dose of 10 mg or less. 33 patients (61.1%) only used conventional DMARDs, 4 (7.4%) only biological, and 6 (11.1%) the combination. A total of 35 patients (64.8%) had to be hospitalized. 2 patients (3.7%) died. 26 patients of the 35 hospitalized (74.2%) required some type of ventilatory support, of which 5 (19.2%) required non-invasive and 8 (30.8%) invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).DiscussionMost of included Chilean rheumatic patients were hospitalized, with a low mortality rate but with a high percentage of patients requiring at least non-invasive mechanical ventilation.Key Points-The most common primary rheumatic disease was rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed by lupus (LES)-Most of the included Chilean rheumatic patients were hospitalized, with a high percentage of patients requiring at least non-invasive mechanical ventilation, but with a low mortality rate.-Worsening of arthralgias or activation of the rheumatic disease was not reported.

scholarly journals Clinical and systemic management of myiasis in a patient with advanced Alzheimer's disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e12110313145
Author(s):  
William Phillip Pereira da Silva ◽  
Stéfany Barbosa ◽  
Bruno Coelho Mendes ◽  
Mateus Diego Pavelski ◽  
Anderson Maikon de Souza Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cognitive Limitations

The management of patients with neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease presents a challenge in promoting oral health, which is mainly linked to the motor and cognitive limitations that these individuals have, making them susceptible to the development of a series of oral diseases, such as oral myiasis. The presence of larvae in the oral cavity in patients with Alzheimer's disease seems to be related to poor oral hygiene condition, to the long periods that the patient remains immobile and with the mouth ajar, facilitating the deposition of eggs. Therefore, this study aimed to report a clinical experience of a patient with Alzheimer's disease in an advanced stage and with manifestation of oral myiasis on the oral floor, vestibule bottom and inserted gum. The 81-year-old patient was debilitated, bedridden, unable to perform his activities alone, was taken to the emergency room by his caregiver, who reported having noticed the presence of larvae in the oral cavity. The patient was hospitalized and immediately administered Ivermectin, ceftriaxone and clindamycin. On the second day of hospitalization, he presented a systemic worsening due to bronchoaspiration, requiring immediate removal of the larvae under local anesthesia. Only after significant improvement in the general condition, thorough surgery was performed to debridement of the injured areas and remnants of larvae. After hospital discharge with 2-month follow-up, the patient did not have any complications related to his oral health, demonstrating that periodic follow-up to debilitated patients is an important tool for preventing opportunistic manifestations such as oral myiasis.

Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Overlooked during COVID-19 Pandemic: How are They Doing and how do They Behave?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anass Adnine ◽  
Ilias Soussan ◽  
Khawla Nadiri ◽  
Siriman Coulibaly ◽  
Khadija Berrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Background: People with rheumatic disease may be at higher risk for more severe course with COVID- 19, and the adverse effects of drugs used to treat rheumatic diseases is a major concern. Objective: We conducted this survey to learn about the real impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with rheumatic diseases. Methods: Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire using a telephonic interview conducted by two rheumatologists. Rheumatic disease characteristics, knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19, and impacts of pandemic on rheumatology care and patient’s compliance were assessed. Results: We included 307 patients in the survey, and rheumatoid arthris was the main rheumatic disease. Patients had mostly moderate level of knowledge about COVID-19, and patients with higher level of education were more likely to have better knowledge. Participants respected mainly recommended preventive measures. The pandemic and sanitary containment impacted strongly the rheumatology care. Over quarter of patients noted worsening of their rheumatic disease, two-thirds reported postponed or canceled medical apointments and more than three quarters postponed their laboratory tests. Patients with higher disease activity were more likely to have lack of follow-up. Medication change was noted in more than third of cases. It was mostly stopped, and DMARDs were mainly affected. Patients living in rural area and who had canceled, or postponed their appointments were more likely to change their treatment. Conclusions: Our data are useful to better manage rheumatic patients. Physicians are encouraged to renew contact with their patients to insure medication compliance.

Oral probiotic and its delivery carriers to improve oral health: A review

Microbiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 167 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsuan How ◽  
Siok-Koon Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Probiotic Product ◽  
Adherence Ability ◽  
Probiotic Delivery

In recent years, oral probiotics have been researched on their effectiveness in reducing and preventing oral diseases. Oral probiotics could be introduced into the oral cavity to keep the equilibrium of the microbiome. Hence, the delivery carrier for oral probiotics plays an important factor to ensure a high number of oral probiotics were delivered and released into the oral cavity. This review presents a brief overview of oral microbiota and the role of oral probiotics in reducing oral diseases. Moreover, important aspects of the oral probiotic product such as viability, adherence ability, health effects, safety, and delivery site were discussed. Besides that, the importance of utilizing indigenous oral probiotics was also emphasized. Oral probiotics are commonly found in the market in the form of chewing tablets, lozenges, and capsules. Hence, the oral probiotic carriers currently used in the market and research were reviewed. Furthermore, this review introduces new potential oral probiotic delivery carriers such as oral strip, bucco-adhesive gel, and mouthwash. Their effectiveness in delivering oral probiotics for oral health was also explored.

US assessment of hip joint synovitis in rheumatic diseases: A comparison with MR imaging

2003 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
I. Soini ◽  
A. Kotaniemi ◽  
H. Kautiainen ◽  
M. Kauppi
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Mri Evaluation ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Purpose: To assess the significance of ultrasonography (US) in detecting hip joint synovitis in patients with rheumatic diseases. Material and Methods: Forty patients with rheumatic disease and suspected hip joint synovitis underwent MRI and US of the hip joint. In addition to the throughout MRI evaluation, the anterior collum-capsule distance (CCD) was determined by both MRI and US. Thirteen healthy volunteers were examined with MRI to establish the criteria for normal findings in MRI when classifying hip joints to those with synovitis and those without. MRI was used as a gold standard. Results: Synovitis was found using MRI in 31 hips of 22 patients (9 patients had bilateral synovitis). The intraclass correlation was 0.61 between MRI and US in measuring CCD. In classifying hip joint synovitis with US, the sensitivity of the method was 87% and specificity 42%, when the CCD criterion for synovitis was determined to be ≥7 mm. If the cut-off point was raised to 9 mm, the sensitivity decreased to 61% while specificity increased to 94%. A difference in CCD of ≥1 mm between the hips as an additional criterion for synovitis increased the number of false-positive findings. Conclusion: Measurement of CCD with US proved to be a rather inaccurate method to point out synovitis in rheumatic patients when using MRI as a reference. The main reason for this result was the thickened capsule, which US could not differentiate from a thickened synovium.

scholarly journals POS0049 SARS-COV-2 INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASE: EXPERIENCE OF A TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTER

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 229.1-230
Author(s):  
B. Sözeri ◽  
F. Demir ◽  
S. Kalin ◽  
C. Hasbal Akkuş
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Biologic Dmards ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Clinical Criteria

Background:Patients with rheumatic diseases are considered at risk for serious infections due to their immune-compromised-status set in their primary systemic disease and the usage of immune-modulating therapies. Although various results have been reported on the subject, it is still unknown whether patients with rheumatic disease, many of whom are on immune-suppression, are at higher risk of severe COVID-19.Objectives:We aim to share our clinical SARS-CoV-2 experience in patient with the childhood rheumatic disease during pandemic.Methods:We evaluated 4470 patients at our pediatric-rheumatology clinic during the pandemic, from 11-March to 15-October-2020. Demographic and clinical features, treatments, laboratory results, imaging findings, and clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and/or multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) were review from the medical records. The data of all these patients were compared between groups and presented. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Among 4470 patients, 87 COVID-19 suspected patients were included in the study. Fifty six (64.4%) patients were hospitalized and 31 were followed without hospitalization. The most common rheumatic diseases among them were juvenile idiopathic arthritis and familial Mediterranean fever (35.6% and 34.5%). The primary disease status of these patients were; 78 (89.6%) were in remission, while 9 (10.3%) had active disease at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis. Twenty six of these patients were treated with biologic DMARDs. SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR and/or antibody test) was found positive in 84 patients (96.5%). Also, fifty one (58.6%) patients had an epidemiologic contact to a person with COVID-19. Fifty six of 87 (64.3%) had a fever and 20 (23%) had a fever for five or more days. Gastrointestinal system involvement was in 11 (12.6%), the respiratory system was in 40 (46%) and fatigue was in 57 (65.5%) patients. Cutaneous involvement was seen in 5 patients including maculopapular rash in two, vasculitic rash in two, and chilblain in one patient. 63.2% of patients had increased C-reactive protein (CRP), 40.2% had lymphocytopenia (<1500/mm3) and 26.4 % had elevated D-dimer level. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 84 patients (96.5%). The diagnosis was confirmed by RT-PCR in 74 patients and by antibody test in 10. 18 patients met the clinical criteria and diagnosed with MIS-C. Nine of them had also hypotension and seven patients admitted the intensive care unit because of shock and severe end-organ illness. COVID-19 outbreak also caused exacerbation of systemic disease in 56 children due to a discontinue of medication, postponed drug switch, or viral infection triggered.Conclusion:In conclusion, children with rheumatic disease do not appear to present a higher risk of severe COVID-19. Whether these patients receive biological treatment does not affect the severity of the disease, but it is still not true to say that these drugs are protective. The immunosuppressive treatments can be adjusted in case of infection, otherwise it is not recommended interrupt the treatments. Physicians should be cautious about the hyperinflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 in rheumatic children, which may be severe in this group of patients and may be confused with primary diseases.References:[1]Wahezi DM, Lo MS, TB Rubinstein, Ringold S, Ardoin SP, Downes KJ, et al. American College of Rheumatology Guidance for the Management of Children with Pediatric Rheumatic Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Version 1. Arth & Rheum 2020;doi:10.1002/art.41455.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene procedure on plaque-induced gingivitis among middle-aged adults – An interventional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
V. Menaka ◽  
G. Kavya ◽  
R. Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
Ain Syuhada Azali ◽  
S. Aparna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Folk Remedy

Objectives: Oral health correlates with systemic health, and maintaining oral health is very important because the oral cavity is considered as a reflection of the general well-being of a human body. Daily plaque removal with a toothbrush is an important component of most oral hygiene programs intended to prevent and control two globally leading oral afflictions dental caries and periodontal diseases. Failure to comply and lack of technical skills of the patient has lessened the effectiveness of conventional tooth brushing. Because of this, research efforts have focused on adjuvant therapy along with brushing for reducing and controlling plaque-induced oral diseases. One such measure is oil pulling. Oil pulling has been used extensively as a traditional Indian folk remedy for many years to prevent decay, oral malodor, bleeding gums, dryness of throat, cracked lips, etc. Most of the studies have been done using sesame oil. Since coconut oil also has many health effects such as boosting the immune system and antimicrobial properties, this can also help in fighting against various pathogens of oral cavity that will in turn act as an effective plaque control agent. Hence, with this background, this study is contemplated to evaluate the benefit of oil pulling along with normal brushing techniques in adults under the age group of 35–44 years. Materials and Methods: Forty healthy subjects belonging to both the sexes who presented with plaque-induced gingivitis will be selected for the study and will be divided into control and study groups. The patients will be informed about the nature and purpose of the study. Health education will be provided to all the students. The modified bass technique will be demonstrated to the participants and they are directed to brush twice daily for 3 min. Toothbrush and toothpaste will be provided to all participants. Among them, 20 subjects were instructed to continue their normal oral hygiene procedures along with coconut oil pulling. Data collected were subjected to appropriate statistical tests using SPSS version 20. Results: A highly statistical difference was seen between the two groups and within the groups. Conclusion: The usage of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene gives a promising result.

scholarly journals Differences in the Composition of Cultivable Aerobic and Facultative Anaerobic Oral Microbiota in Cats of Various Age Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
M. Sondorová ◽  
J. Koščová ◽  
J. Kačírová ◽  
M. Maďar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Facultative Anaerobic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Pathogenic Agents ◽  
Micro Organisms

Abstract The feline oral cavity is naturally inhabited by various microorganisms contributing to the maintenance of its oral health. The imbalance of oral microbiota or the presence of pathogenic agents can lead to secondary oral diseases. Various factors such as sex, diet, breed, environment and even age, affect the composition of a healthy oral microbiota during the life of cats. The purpose of this study was to compare the composition of culturable aerobic and facultative anaerobic micro-biota in cats in terms of different age categories. We used conventional cultivation methods in conjunction with microscopic and biochemical methods to isolate and identify the micro organisms found in the oral cavity of cats. The examination of 76 samples confirmed the dominance of the phylum Proteobacteria in almost all groups. Commonly occurring bacteria have been identified, i. e. Streptococcus spp., Neisseria spp. and Pasteurella spp. Although aerobic and facultative anaerobic oral micro biota were examined, differences between age groups were noted. The microbial diversity of the oral microbiota significantly increased with age.

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