scholarly journals Geomorfologia estrutural e compartimentação geomorfológica obtidas através de dados aeromagnéticos e SRTM na porção Oeste do Batólito Ipojuca-Atalaia, Província Borborema, Nordeste do Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-92
Author(s):  
Sanmy Silveira Lima ◽  
Adejardo Francisco da Silva Filho ◽  
Ignez de Pinho Guimarães ◽  
Gabriela Menezes Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

O uso e interpretação de dados e imagens obtidos através de sensores remotos permitem importantes aplicações nas geociências. Neste artigo, foram utilizados dados aeromagnéticos e SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) com resolução de 30 metros para, respectivamente, capturar indicadores geológicos e geomorfológicos na porção oeste do Batólito Ipojuca-Atalaia. Técnicas de geoprocessamento foram utilizadas para correlacionar os fatores geológicos e geomorfológicos e como produto final obter a compartimentação geomorfológica da área. Para tanto, aplicou-se as metodologias de extração da hipsometria, grau de declividade, imagem sombreada e drenagem no MDT (modelo digital de terreno) do SRTM, além dos filtros da amplitude do sinal analítico (ASA) e da primeira derivada vertical (DZ) nos dados aeromagnéticos. Como resultado foi possível distinguir nove compartimentos geomorfológicos distintos, enquadrados em cinco categorias de acordo com os processos geológico-geomorfológicos dominantes na região, sendo elas a cimeira estrutural, os planaltos, o pediplano, o pedimento e as planícies. A compartimentação da área auxiliou o entendimento dos processos ocorridos e atuantes na porção oeste do Batólito Ipojuca-Atalaia e como o regime tectônico atua como agente primário na evolução do relevo na região.

scholarly journals A Response of Snow Cover to the Climate in the Northwest Himalaya (NWH) Using Satellite Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Animesh Choudhury ◽  
Avinash Chand Yadav ◽  
Stefania Bonafoni
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Snow Cover Area ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Northwest Himalaya ◽  
The Past ◽  
Average Annual Temperature

The Himalayan region is one of the most crucial mountain systems across the globe, which has significant importance in terms of the largest depository of snow and glaciers for fresh water supply, river runoff, hydropower, rich biodiversity, climate, and many more socioeconomic developments. This region directly or indirectly affects millions of lives and their livelihoods but has been considered one of the most climatically sensitive parts of the world. This study investigates the spatiotemporal variation in maximum extent of snow cover area (SCA) and its response to temperature, precipitation, and elevation over the northwest Himalaya (NWH) during 2000–2019. The analysis uses Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/Terra 8-day composite snow Cover product (MOD10A2), MODIS/Terra/V6 daily land surface temperature product (MOD11A1), Climate Hazards Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) precipitation product, and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM product for the investigation. Modified Mann-Kendall (mMK) test and Spearman’s correlation methods were employed to examine the trends and the interrelationships between SCA and climatic parameters. Results indicate a significant increasing trend in annual mean SCA (663.88 km2/year) between 2000 and 2019. The seasonal and monthly analyses were also carried out for the study region. The Zone-wise analysis showed that the lower Himalaya (184.5 km2/year) and the middle Himalaya (232.1 km2/year) revealed significant increasing mean annual SCA trends. In contrast, the upper Himalaya showed no trend during the study period over the NWH region. Statistically significant negative correlation (−0.81) was observed between annual SCA and temperature, whereas a nonsignificant positive correlation (0.47) existed between annual SCA and precipitation in the past 20 years. It was also noticed that the SCA variability over the past 20 years has mainly been driven by temperature, whereas the influence of precipitation has been limited. A decline in average annual temperature (−0.039 °C/year) and a rise in precipitation (24.56 mm/year) was detected over the region. The results indicate that climate plays a vital role in controlling the SCA over the NWH region. The maximum and minimum snow cover frequency (SCF) was observed during the winter (74.42%) and monsoon (46.01%) season, respectively, while the average SCF was recorded to be 59.11% during the study period. Of the SCA, 54.81% had a SCF above 60% and could be considered as the perennial snow. The elevation-based analysis showed that 84% of the upper Himalaya (UH) experienced perennial snow, while the seasonal snow mostly dominated over the lower Himalaya (LH) and the middle Himalaya (MH).

scholarly journals Compiling a new glacier inventory for southeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau from Landsat and PALSAR data

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (233) ◽  
pp. 579-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINGHONG KE ◽  
XIAOLI DING ◽  
LEI ZHANG ◽  
JUN HU ◽  
C. K. SHUM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Glacier Change ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Glacier Inventory ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Water Classification ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Classification Information

ABSTRACTGlacier change has been recognized as an important climate variable due to its sensitive response to climate change. Although there are a large number of glaciers distributed over the southeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, the region is poorly represented in glacier databases due to seasonal snow cover and frequent cloud cover. Here, we present an improved glacier inventory for this region by combining Landsat observations acquired over 2011–13 (Landsat 8/OLI and Landsat TM/ETM+), coherence images from Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar images and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM. We present a semi-automated scheme for integrating observations from multi-temporal Landsat scenes to mitigate cloud obscuration. Further, the clean-ice observations, together with coherence information, slope constraints, vegetation cover and water classification information extracted from the Landsat scenes, are integrated to determine the debris-covered glacier area. After manual editing, we derive a new glacier inventory containing 6892 glaciers >0.02 km2, covering a total area of 6566 ± 197 km2. This new glacier inventory indicates gross overestimation in glacier area (over 30%) in previously published glacier inventories, and reveals various spatial characteristics of glaciers in the region. Our inventory can be used as a baseline dataset for future studies including glacier change assessment.

scholarly journals Generalización de modelo digital de elevación condicionada por puntos críticos de terreno

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-457
Author(s):  
Carlos Mena Frau ◽  
Leonardo Molina Pino ◽  
Yony Ormazábal Rojas ◽  
Yohana Morales Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

Los Modelos Digitales de Elevación (MDE) son productos geomáticos esenciales en el estudio, manejo y administración del territorio. Su uso, así como la disponibilidad de datos de alta resolución, ha ido en crecimiento sostenido en las últimas décadas, permitiendo diversos y variados análisis cuyos resultados permiten cualificar y cuantificar los características propias del terreno. No obstante la disponibilidad creciente de datos de elevación, existen ocasiones donde estudios del territorio requieren el uso de modelos digitales de terreno con resolución espacial más gruesa que la resolución de los datos disponibles. La evaluación de un método de generalización de MDE que considera la retención de puntos críticos del terreno es abordado en el presente documento. Este método es comparado con otro método que considera solamente una interpolación bilineal aplicada al cambio de resolución del MDE. En la evaluación son utilizados datos del proyecto SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) para una zona de 111 km por 91 km aproximadamente, en la Región del Maule, Chile. Los resultados evidencian que el método de generalización condicionada por puntos críticos presenta mejor desempeño al preservar la posición espacial de los rasgos evaluados dentro de la escala del MDE generalizado.

scholarly journals Geometric dependency of Tibetan lakes on glacial runoff

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 4061-4077 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. H. Phan ◽  
R. C. Lindenbergh ◽  
M. Menenti
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Glacial Runoff ◽  
Lake Catchment ◽  
Accurate Quantification ◽  
Do So

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau is an essential source of water for Southeast Asia. The runoff from its ~34 000 glaciers, which occupy an area of ~50 000 km2, feeds Tibetan lakes and major Asian rivers like the Indus and Brahmaputra. Reported glacial shrinkage likely has an impact on the runoff. Unfortunately, accurate quantification of glacial changes is difficult over the high-relief Tibetan Plateau. However, it has recently been shown that it is possible to directly assess water level changes of a significant number of the ~900 Tibetan lakes with an area over 1 km2. This paper exploits different remote sensing products to create drainage links between Tibetan glaciers, lakes and rivers. The results allow us to differentiate between lakes with and without outlet. In addition, we introduce the notion of geometric dependency of a lake on glacial runoff, defined as the ratio between the total area of glaciers draining into a lake and the total area of the lake catchment. We determined these dependencies for all ~900 sufficiently large Tibetan lakes. To do so, we combined three remote sensing products: the CAREERI glacier mask product, a lake mask product based on the MODIS MOD44W water product and the HydroSHEDS river network product derived from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) elevation data. Using a drainage network analysis, we determined all drainage links between glaciers and lakes. The results show that 25.3% of the total glacier area directly drains into one of 244 Tibetan lakes. The results also give the geometric dependency of each lake on glacial runoff. For example, there are ten lakes with direct glacial runoff from at least 240 km2 of glacier. Three case studies, including one of the well-studied Nam Tso Lake, demonstrate how the geometric dependency of a lake on glacial runoff can be directly linked to hydrological processes.

scholarly journals POTENSI KEJADIAN ROB DI PESISIR PROBOLINGGO SERTA PERBANDINGAN KONDISINYA ANTARA MUSIM BARAT DAN MUSIM TIMUR BERDASARKAN DATA OSEANOGRAFI DAN METEOROLOGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-681
Author(s):  
Asep Sandra Budiman ◽  
Indarto Happy Supriadi
Keyword(s):  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

Rob atau banjir pasang air laut telah menjadi permasalahan serius di beberapa daerah pesisir di Indonesia, khususnya Probolinggo. Kajian mengenai banjir rob di wilayah ini telah dilakukan dengan mengolah dan menganalisa data-data oseanografi dan meteorologi untuk mengkaji seberapa besar potensi kejadian dan perbandingan kondisinya saat musim Barat dan Timur. Data-data yang digunakan adalah data pasang-surut (pasut) dan angin wilayah Probolinggo selama 7 tahun (2004 - 2011) dari Stamet II Perak Surabaya, serta data topografi Probolinggo dari Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Potensi terjadinya banjir rob ditentukan dengan membandingkan tinggi muka air ini dengan topografi daerah kajian. Data meteorologi dianalisa untuk dibandingkan kondisinya saat musim Barat dan Timur. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa banjir rob dapat terjadi di beberapa titik di pesisir Probolinggo saat pasang tinggi khususnya selama periode pasang purnama akibat tinggi muka air yang lebih tinggi (0,73 m) daripada ketinggian topografi daerah kajian (rerata <0.5 m). Kondisi akan lebih buruk selama musim Timur akibat datangnya angin kencang dari arah yang berpotensi dalam kemunculan gelombang tinggi di pesisir.  

scholarly journals A Formação de Dolinas em Áreas Urbanas: o Caso do Bairro de Cruz das Armas em João Pessoa-PB (The Formation of Dolines in Urban Areas: The Case of Cruz das Armas in João Pessoa-PB)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Max Furrier ◽  
Saulo Roberto de Oliveira Vital
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
The State ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The City

Evidências de dolinas são bastante comuns na cidade de João Pessoa-PB, mas ainda pouco estudadas. As dolinas são consideradas depressões fechadas, circulares, associadas a rebaixamento topográfico coadjuvado por fenômenos cársticos de sub-superfície, caracterizando um carste inumado. Assim como as encostas e os vales entalhados, as dolinas também são alvo da intensa ocupação nas cidades por parte da camada social menos favorecida, tendo em vista, serem áreas bastante deprimidas e susceptíveis a enchentes. A partir de então, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo, identificar os principais fatores de predisposição do terreno para criação de relevo do tipo carste, exclusivamente as dolinas e os riscos associados. Para isso, foram levantados dados sobre o embasamento geológico a partir do mapa geológico do Estado da Paraíba, e informações sobre a morfologia do terreno, coletadas a partir do radar SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), além das observações de campo. Como produto, obteve-se os Modelos Digitais do Terreno, por meio dos quais se tornou possível realçar as evidências de subsidência do relevo local, corroborado pelas informações sobre a geologia local, marcada por uma intensa interação dinâmica entre as Formações Barreiras e Gramame (Sub-bacia Sedimentar Alhandra). Concluiu-se que os planos de falha existentes nos calcários da Formação Gramame contribuem de forma conspícua para percolação da água nessa formação perfazendo uma reação química capaz de dissolver o calcário, rebaixando a Formação Barreiras que se encontra sobreposta, dando origem a depressões circulares.Palavras-Chave: Dolinas, Formação Gramame, Formação Barreiras, João Pessoa. The Formation of Dolines in Urban Areas: The Case of Cruz das Armas in João Pessoa-PB ABSTRACTEvidence of dolines are much common in João Pessoa, the capital of the state of Paraíba, but they are still poorly studied. The dolines are considered to be closed and circled depressions, associated to a topographic smoothing assisted by subsurface karstic phenomenons, characterizing an inhumed karst. As well as the slopes and the carved valleys, the dolines are also intensively occupied in the city by people who are less favoured, what represents a serious problem considering that these are depressed areas and susceptible to flooding. The research aims to verify the major factors of the terrain susceptibility to the karst features formation, exclusively the dolines, and the associated risks. In view of this objective, the geological basement data were gathered from the geological map of the State of Paraíba and the terrain morphological information were collected from the SRTM radar (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), besides the observations of the fieldwork developed. As result, the Digital Terrain Models were achieved enabling to present the evidences of the local subsidence features, corroborated by the information about the local geography marked by a intense dynamic interaction between Barreiras and Gramame Formation (Alhandra Sedimentary Sub-Basin). The analysis showed that the failed plans presented in the limestones of the Gramame Formation contribute evidently to the percolation of water on this formation totalizing a chemical reaction able to dissolve the limestone, lowering the superposed Barreiras Formation, what give rise to circular depressions.   Key-Words: Dolines, Gramame Formation, Barreiras Formation, João Pessoa.

Changes in glacier extent and surface elevations in the Depuchangdake region of northwestern Tibet, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Li ◽  
Lide Tian ◽  
Hongbo Wu ◽  
Weicai Wang ◽  
Shuhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Glacier Retreat ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Laser Altimeter ◽  
Total Mass Loss ◽  
Elevation Model

Remote sensing data, including those from Landsat Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (TM/ETM +), the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Digital Elevation Model (SRTM4.1 DEM), and the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (Glas/ICESat), show that from 1991 to 2013 the glacier area in the Depuchangdake region of northwestern Tibet decreased from 409 to 393 km2, an overall loss of 16 km2, or 3.9% of the entire 1991 glacial area. The mean glacier-thinning rate was − 0.40 ± 0.16 m equivalent height of water per year (w.e./yr), equating to a glacier mass balance of − 0.16 ± 0.07 km3 w.e./yr. Total mass loss from 2003 to 2009 was − 1.13 ± 0.46 km3. Glacier retreat likely reflects increases in annual total radiation, annual positive degree days, and maximum temperature, with concurrent increases in precipitation insufficient to replenish glacial mass loss. The rate of glacier retreat in Depuchangdake is less than that for Himalayan glaciers in Indian monsoon-dominated areas, but greater than that for Karakoram glaciers in mid-latitude westerly-dominated areas. Glacier type, climate zone, and climate change all impact on the differing degrees of long-term regional glacial change rate; however, special glacier distribution forms can sometimes lead to exceptional circumstances.

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