Het gezondheidsbeleid in België in handen van corporatieve organisaties

Res Publica ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Guy Peeters

Before the so-called 'bill Moureaux ', the health insurance policy in Belgium was contracted out by the government to the health workers and the health funds. Also in other sectors (hospitals), government contracted out. This subsidiarity has advantages and disadvantages.  Especially because of the unbearable budgetary excesses, this situation started to change since the beginning of the eighties, starting with the hospital sector. In the early nineties, the management of the sickness insurance also went through some radical changes. The budgetary envelope (budget objective) is now mainly established by those who finance the system, e.g. the government and the social partners (employers and workers), who must take their responsibilities. In this new perception, all partners must be made truly accountable.Government must pass on statistic material in order to be able to pursue a well-informed policy. It must also crank up some social debates, namely about the demographic ageing.Health funds and organisations of physicians need a further democratization. The health funds must accomplish at the same time several functions: pressure group, service and consumer defence.

Author(s):  
Risky Kusuma Hartono ◽  
Budi Hidayat ◽  
Pujiyanto Puji

Abstract. The purpose of this research is to analyze the policy implementation of health coverage for TKI. This research uses a qualitative method with in-depth interview. The framework of this research consists of the aspect of the advisable policy, the implementation factors, and the schematic representation of the problem by using SWOT. The result of this research is the health insurance owned by TKI comes from TKI insurance, the membership of JKN, and insurance during their employment abroad. TKI insurance policy is the instruction of Law No. 39 of 2004 which regulates the obligation of the ownership of the social security and or insurance policy for TKI. However, TKI insurance has not been involved with the social aspect because the agency commercializes the coverage of TKI and it is not included a social security. The change of consortium may have decreased the ratio of claim’s values to the annual premium which is attributable to the decreasing complaint cases from TKI. In the implementation, TKI insurance has been assisted by a lot of agencies. However, the bilateral cooperation related to the coordination of health coverage among countries has not been maximized. This research concludes that the coverage of health insurance for TKI is still lower (curative) and the government's attempt to integrate the social security for TKI is important. The researcher suggests the government should comprehensively implement the health coverage for TKI by incorporating the principle of promotion and prevention. Keywords: TKI Insurance, Consortium, Law No. 39 of 2004, SWOT, Bilateral Cooperation


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-673
Author(s):  
Lulu Liu

Objectives: Starting from the tobacco economy, this paper studies the “surge phenomenon” of macro-economy in developing countries. Methods: This paper studies the impact of tobacco industry on Anhui economy by using the relevant theories of industrial economics, econometrics and regulatory economics, combined with the actual situation of tobacco industry. Based on the analysis of the overall development of tobacco industry, this paper empirically analyzes the relationship between tobacco industry and Anhui economic growth. This paper combs the relevant literature of the existing research results of this theory. Combined with the special fact that government investment accounts for a large proportion in China’s current economic construction, this paper redefines the hypothesis of the investor in the theory of principles. On this basis, the expected equilibrium results of enterprise investment decision-making under government led and market led modes are compared and analyzed by using incomplete information static game model. Results: When the output value of tobacco industry increases by 1%, it will drive the GDP to increase by 0.373%. Secondly, by comparing the economic benefits of tobacco with the social costs of tobacco, it is found that with the economic development, the social costs caused by tobacco increase year by year, but the economic benefits are slightly greater than the social costs. The difference between the two is also increasing year by year. Conclusion: In the context of tobacco control, we should fully consider the advantages and disadvantages of developing the tobacco industry. Under the excessive intervention of the government, the manifestation of the surge phenomenon is more intense, and the final consequence of overcapacity is more serious than that under the market-oriented mode..


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 855-867
Author(s):  
Elika Sifra Lidya ◽  
Mitro Subroto

LAPAS or Correctional Institution under the auspices of the Directorate General of Corrections is the final place of the criminal justice system process that fosters and integrates the social of convicts, so that when returning to society they are able to live a normal life. Elderly (according to Law No. 13 of 1998: Elderly) is a person whose age reaches the age of 60 years and above. In its efforts, Correctional Services interpret this understanding by regulating the rights of inmates contained in Law no. 12 of 1995 article 14 paragraph 1.The increasing age and declining body condition of the elderly inmates need special treatment both in health, treatment, and public services. Elderly inmates as much as possible are treated as people usually are, it's just that the place and application are different. This is for the implementation of part of Human Rights (HAM) as a national instrument. This special handling effort involves other stakeholders be it medical or health workers and the government to support the infrastructure needed. The elderly as one of the vulnerable groups become important objects in terms of how decent handlers are so that they feel cared for in their twilight years. Although until now still in the process and stages of refinement of special handling for them. The fact is still not optimal and this study illustrates how well the effort is.


Author(s):  
Cliona Loughnane

In 2011, the Government committed to the introduction of Universal Health Insurance (UHI) ‘with equal access to care for all’ by 2016 (Government of Ireland 2011: 2). This chapter explores how proposals to implement a system in which every member of the population would be expected to take out health insurance – and mooted by politicians as a way to end Ireland’s two-tier health system – exhibited particular characteristics of advanced liberal modes of governing.Specifically, drawing on Rose and Miller’s (1992) conceptualisation of the ‘aspirations’ of advanced liberal government – governing at a distance, the management of risk, engendering individuals to take responsibility through choice, and the fragmentation of the social state into multiple communities – this chapter demonstrates how while a political rhetoric may have stressed the significance of UHI as a basis for promoting solidarity and fairness, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that the policy would have represented a further shift towards the marketization of Irish healthcare.


2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Tuomo Alasoini

This paper presents the aims and main focus areas of the Finnish National Workplace Development Programme. The Government-initiated programme in which also the social partners are involved was launched in 1996, and it will continue until 2003. The author considers that, using wisely, the high legitimacy programme-based workplace development enjoys in Finland today may prove to be an important source of competitive advantage for the country.


2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 4357-4360
Author(s):  
Han Liang Fu ◽  
Xiao Jun Liu

The emission trading market has been established in Shaanxi province for more than three years, but the free flow of the emission permits is still not available because of the market is dominated by the government. In view of this situation, this paper puts forward some countermeasures about developing the emission trading market according to the former research achievements, and devotes to prove the benefits of the emission market for the water pollution treatment. It also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the market-oriented behaviors, combining with the social circumstance in Shaanxi province.


Ijtihad ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firdaus Firdaus

BPJS Health is a mandatory National Health Insurance imposed by the government to all Indonesian citizens to ensure that everyone is able to receive healthcare services. The first objective is to analyze patient protection under the said the Law No. 24 of 2011 on BPJS. The second objective is to identify the challenges of the implementation, management, and monitoring of the BPJS Health Insurance Institution. Findings from the study show that there are advantages and disadvantages in the BPJS Health system, as not all citizens are involved as participants. Further, the health services are unequal in respect of services rendered in different provinces in Indonesia. As a conclusion, the researcher had provided several recommendations from the legal and implementation aspects to strengthen the existing BPJS Health system, so that it can effectively protect all patients.


2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Valdés Dal-Ré

The level of part-time employment in Spain tripled during the period 1984–93. The increased prevalence of part-time work reflected an employment policy during that period and beyond that aimed to establish maximum flexibility in the use of fixed-term contracts, whether fulltime or part-time. Part-time work was, and still is, to some extent, associated with a high degree of employment-related precariousness. This article examines the successive and not always consistent measures which since April 1994 have been adopted by the social partners and the government in order to improve the quality and security of part-time work. It assesses to what extent these measures have achieved their objectives.


2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Kiander ◽  
Pekka Sauramo ◽  
Hannu Tanninen

This article deals with Finnish incomes policy as a special type of political exchange between the social partners and the government. The continuity of this political exchange requires a common ground of values and trust. In the article, these prerequisites are characterized in terms of the concept of social capital. The article also emphasizes the importance of centrally negotiated incomes policy agreements as an important institutional framework within which the Finnish welfare state has evolved. Owing to the traditionally close relationship between centrally negotiated incomes policy agreements and welfare reforms, the end of centrally negotiated incomes policy agreements declared by one social partner – namely, the Confederation of Finnish Industries – is likely to affect not only the manner in which wages are negotiated in the future but also the tradition of political exchange between the social partners and the government. Cet article traite de la politique finlandaise des revenus comme d’un type particulier d’échange politique entre les partenaires sociaux et le gouvernement. La continuité de cet échange politique requiert une base commune de valeurs et de confiance. Dans cet article, ces conditions préalables sont caractérisées en recourant au concept de capital social. L'article souligne également l’importance de la négociation centralisée des accords sur la politique des revenus, en tant que cadre institutionnel important dans lequel se poursuit l’évolution de l’État-providence finlandais. En raison de la relation traditionnellement étroite entre les accords de politique des revenus issus d'une négociation centralisée, d’une part, et les réformes de l’État-providence, d’autre part, la fin de ces accords de politique des revenus issus d’une négociation centralisée, proclamée par un partenaire social – la Confédération des industries finlandaises –, devait affecter non seulement la manière dont les salaires seront négociés dans l’avenir, mais aussi la tradition de l’échange politique entre partenaires sociaux et gouvernement. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der finnischen Lohn- und Gehaltspolitik, die auf einer besonderen Form des politischen Austausches zwischen den Sozialpartnern und der Regierung beruht. Die Konti-nuität dieses politischen Austausches setzt eine Basis gemeinsamer Werte und des Vertrauens voraus, die wir als “Sozialkapital” bezeichnen. Ferner wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die zentral ausgehandelten Abkommen über die Lohn- und Gehaltspolitik einen wichtigen institutionellen Rahmen bilden, in dem sich der finnische Wohlfahrtsstaat entwickelt hat. Traditionell besteht in Finnland eine enge Beziehung zwischen zentral ausgehandelten Lohnabkommen und sozialen Reformen. Die Erklärung eines Sozialpartners – des finnischen Arbeitgeberverbands – keine zentralen Lohnabkommen mehr auszuhandeln, wird somit nicht nur einen Einfluss auf die Lohnverhandlungsmodalitäten haben, sondern auch auf die Tradition des politischen Austausches zwischen den Sozialpartnern und der Regierung.


Res Publica ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Willy Peirens

The unique character of the socio-economic negociations in Belgium has lost much of its glamour and prestige during the last quarter of the 20th century.  While before 1975, there was more or less agreement among the social partners to redistribute welfare to the whole society, after the first oil crisis employers tended to see themselves in competition with other employers, with the trade unions and with the state. Both employers' organisations as trade unions wanted to safeguard their own priorities, respectively the competitiveness of the enterprises and the system of indexation. As a consequence, it became very difficult to reach agreements and hence, there have been no or only very small interprofessional agreements signed since 1975.The role of the government in this period evolved from the role of host for the negociations to that of co-actor and finally to director. When no agreement was possible between the social partners, the govenrment itself took the initiative and both trade unions and employers' organisations tried to lobby the government rather than being partners in negociations. The measures of the government, especially those taken with extra-ordinary powers, were often beneficial for the employers. Despite the emphasis by the trade unions on employment, their efforts beared not much fruit. The first priority of both the government and the employers was the enhancement of the financial and the economic situation of the country. Since the interprofessional agreement of 1999-2000, a new period bas begun. Trade unions and employers' organisations are constrained by what happens in the rest of Europe. Between these constaints, they can negociate and conclude agreements on the basis of freedom and responsibility.The level of negociations shifted in this period from the interprofessional level to the level of the sector or even to the level of the enterprise. Another trend is the creation of an institutional framework for social talks on the Flemish level.The challenges for the future are the installation of a European or even an international world-wide institutional framework for social negociations and the development of themes as permanent education, quality of life and work and the enhancement of the socio-economic democracy.


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