Characterization and modeling of friction and wear: an overview

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
F. Al-Bender ◽  
K. De Moerlooze
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Virtual Design ◽  
Generic Models ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dynamics Models

In this age of virtual design, high-performance machines, and precise motion control, the abilityto characterize friction and wear processes and then to model and simulate them, becomes a pertinentissue. This communication gives a condensed overview of the generic characteristics of friction, thereafter,generic models, developed at KULeuven, PMA, are presented and discussed.with Leuven Air Bearings N.V. since Sept. 2010In regard to friction, both sliding and rolling are considered. The characterization concerns (i) therelationship between the friction (traction) force and the state of sliding of the system (displacement,velocity,…), at a given normal load; (ii) the relationship between the coefficient of friction and the normalload.As regards frictional behaviour in function of sliding (rolling) state, the main features are: (i) pre-sliding (prerolling) hysteresis and (ii) gross-sliding (rolling) dynamics. Models are presented that capture those featuresand relate them to the contact characteristics. Comparison with experimental results is also presented forthe main features. Secondly, the dependence of the coefficient of friction on the normal load is identifiedand modelled.Finally, regarding wear simulation, the generic friction model is extended to cater for an asperity populationthat changes during the lifetime of sliding. Based on fatigue considerations, asperities get broken after acertain number of contact cycles, and are replaced by smaller ones. With the aid of this model, we try tocorrelate energy dissipation with wear evolution, and support that by experimental observation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Surface Texture on Lubricated Fretting

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4886
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lenart ◽  
Pawel Pawlus ◽  
Andrzej Dzierwa ◽  
Slawomir Wos ◽  
Rafal Reizer
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Disc Surface ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
42Crmo4 Steel ◽  
Ball Diameter ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Experiments were conducted using an Optimol SRV5 tester in lubricated friction conditions. Steel balls from 100Cr6 material of 60 HRC hardness were placed in contact with 42CrMo4 steel discs of 47 HRC hardness and diversified surface textures. Tests were carried out at a 25–40% relative humidity. The ball diameter was 10 mm, the amplitude of oscillations was set to 0.1 mm, and the frequency was set to 80 Hz. Tests were performed at smaller (45 N) and higher (100 N) normal loads and at smaller (30 °C) and higher (90 °C) temperatures. During each test, the normal load and temperature were kept constant. We found that the disc surface texture had significant effects on the friction and wear under lubricated conditions. When a lower normal load was applied, the coefficient of friction and wear volumes were smaller for bigger disc surface heights. However, for a larger normal load a higher roughness corresponded to a larger coefficient of friction.

scholarly journals Tribological studies of different bioimplant materials for orthopedic application using Taguchi experimental design

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3−4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Solanke ◽  
Vivek Gaval
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Individual Contribution ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Wear Weight Loss ◽  
Taguchi Design Of Experiments ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Material Factor

In this research ball on disc wear tests have been carried out with ASTM G-99 standard at room temperature in simulated body fluid. The tribological property such as the coefficient of friction and wear weight loss was studied by using the Taguchi design of experiments. The design of the experiment was done using L8 orthogonal array to determine the collective contribution of the wear parameters. An analysis of variance demonstrated that the individual contribution of type of material factor was 97.15% and 66.66% for the coefficient of friction and wear weight loss respectively, which is the highest individual contribution as compared to other factors. It was concluded that the coefficient of friction and wear weight loss is mainly influenced by type of material factor. The analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio shows that the optimal coefficient of friction and wear weight loss was obtained with CoCrMo material at an applied normal load of 5 N with a sliding velocity of 0.05 m/s for a track diameter of 30 mm. To check the accuracy of results a confirmation test was carried out which indicates that predicted values are very close to the experimental values and the model is significant to predict the coefficient of friction. The results showed that the coefficient of friction and wear weight loss increases with increasing the applied load and sliding velocity. The microstructure of all substrates materials was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. Wear track study showed that adhesive dominant wear mechanism for all four different substrate materials.

Effect of contact temperature, normal load and dry sliding velocity on the coefficient of friction and wear behavior of nickel based super alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama Krishna S. ◽  
Patta Lokanadham
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Friction And Wear Behavior ◽  
Alloy Material ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Super Alloy

Purpose The purpose of the present paper aims to, study the coefficient of friction and wear behavior of nickel based super alloys used in manufacturing of gas and steam turbine blades. In present paper, parametric study focuses on normal load, dry sliding velocity and contact temperature influence on coefficient of friction and wear of a nickel based super alloy material. Design/methodology/approach Experimental investigation is carried out to know the effect of varying load at constant sliding velocity and varying sliding velocity at constant load on coefficient of friction and wear behavior of nickel based super alloy material. The experiments are carried out on a nickel based super alloy material using pin on disk apparatus by load ranging from 30 N to 90 N and sliding velocity from 1.34 m/s to 2.67 m/s. The contact temperature between pin and disk is measured using K-type thermocouple for all test conditions to know effect of contact temperature on coefficient of friction and wear behavior of nickel based super alloy material. Analytical calculations are carried out to find wear rate and wear coefficient of the test specimen and are compared with experimental results for validation of experimental setup. Regression equations are generated from experimental results to estimate coefficient of friction and wear in the range of test conditions. Findings From the experimental results, it is observed that by increasing the normal load or sliding velocity, the contact temperature between the pin and disk increases, the coefficient of friction decreases and wear increases. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to study the influence of individual parameters like normal load, dry sliding speed and sliding distance on the coefficient of friction and wear of nickel based super alloy material. Originality/value This is the first time to study effect of contact temperature on the coefficient of friction and wear behavior of nickel-based super alloy used for gas and steam turbine blades. Separate regression equations have been developed to determine the coefficient of friction and wear for the entire range of speed of gas turbine blades made of nickel based super alloy. The regression equations are also validated against experimental results.

scholarly journals Antifriction and Antiwear Effect of Lamellar ZrS2 Nanobelts as Lubricant Additives

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Chuang Yu ◽  
Shaogang Zhang ◽  
Songyong Liu ◽  
Xingcai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Lubricant Additives ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Friction And Wear Tests

In this study, the tribological behavior of lamellar ZrS2 nanobelts as lubricant additives was investigated under different concentrations, normal load, velocity, and temperature. The friction and wear tests were performed using a tribometer and with a reciprocating motion. The results indicate that the lamellar ZrS2 nanobelt additives can effectively reduce the coefficient of friction and running-in time during the running-in period. With the addition of ZrS2, the wear volumes decrease significantly. The wear is mostly influenced by the tribological performance throughout the running-in period. The lower the running-in time and coefficient of friction are during the running-in period, the less amount of wear is shown. ZrS2 can significantly increase the load-carrying capacity of oil. The 1.0 wt% concentration of ZrS2 yields the best antifriction effect, antiwear performance, and load-carrying capacity. The ZrS2 additives can increase the working temperature of the oil. The friction-reducing and antiwear mechanisms of lamellar ZrS2 were discussed.

Effect of Micro-Size Cenosphere Content on Friction and Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Vinylester Composites – A Taguchi Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 569-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Chauhan ◽  
Sunil Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Applied Normal Load ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Sliding Distance

In this paper the friction and wear characteristics of vinylester and vinylester composites have been investigated under dry sliding conditions for different applied normal load, sliding speed and sliding distance. The experiments have been carried on a pin on disc arrangement at normal room temperature conditions. The influence of friction and wear parameters like normal load, speed, sliding distance and percentage of filler content on the friction and wear rate has been investigated. In this study, a plan of experiments based on the techniques of Taguchi was performed to acquire data in a controlled way. An orthogonal array L27 (313) and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to investigate the influence of process parameters on the coefficient of friction and sliding wear behaviour of these composites. The Taguchi design of experiment approach eliminates the need for repeated experiments and thus saves time, material and cost. The results showed that with increase in the applied normal load and sliding speed the coefficient of friction and specific wear rate decreases under dry sliding conditions. It is also found that a thin film formed on the counterface seems to be effective in improving the tribological characteristics. The results showed that the inclusion of cenosphere as filler materials in vinylester composites will increase the wear resistance of the composite significantly.

A Comparative Study of Microstructure, Coefficient of Friction and Wear Rate of Alloy Ni-Cr-B-Si-C-W

2021 ◽  
Vol 406 ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Mohamed Nabil Bachirbey ◽  
Mohammed Seyf Eddine Bougoffa ◽  
Chahrazed Benouali ◽  
Tahar Sayah
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Loss Of Mass ◽  
Tribological Parameters

The present work aims at the study of the dry disc pion contact and the complex phenomenon of the wear as well as the sliding friction of our sample elaborated by a hot isotactic compression and the pion. This study consists in determining the coefficient of friction and the influence of the tribological parameters on this phenomenon as well as determining the loss of mass and the wear rate of study sample. In order to enhance the assurance of the validity of the results of tribological study of Ni-Cr-B-Si-C-W alloy in laboratories and compare that to the tribological conditions in reality and industries. This work presents the results of the new approach to compares the wear behavior of the sample between a theoretical study (tribometer)and another in service (a test bench) that reproduces approximately the same conditions as the tribometer (normal load, sliding speed and distance traveled) by measuring the loss of mass and wear rate.

Experimental Investigation of aluminum doping crumb rubber/epoxy composite in reciprocating motion

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Goutam Chandra Karar ◽  
Nipu Modak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Friction Tester ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

The experimental investigation of reciprocating motion between the aluminum doped crumb rubber /epoxy composite and the steel ball has been carried out under Reciprocating Friction Tester, TR-282 to study the wear and coefficient of frictions using different normal loads (0.4Kg, 0.7Kgand1Kg), differentfrequencies (10Hz, 25Hz and 40Hz).The wear is a function of normal load, reciprocating frequency, reciprocating duration and the composition of the material. The percentage of aluminum presents in the composite changesbut the other components remain the same.The four types of composites are fabricated by compression molding process having 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% Al. The effect of different parameters such as normal load, reciprocating frequency and percentage of aluminum has been studied. It is observed that the wear and coefficient of friction is influenced by the parameters. The tendency of wear goes on decreasing with the increase of normal load and it is minimum for a composite having 10%aluminum at a normal load of 0.7Kg and then goes on increasing at higher loads for all types of composite due to the adhesive nature of the composite. The coefficient of friction goes on decreasing with increasing normal loads due to the formation of thin film as an effect of heat generation with normal load.

Stresses Due to Tangential and Normal Loads on an Elastic Solid With Application to Some Contact Stress Problems

1953 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
J. O. Smith ◽  
Chang Keng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Plane Strain ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Elastic Solid ◽  
Real Variable ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shearing Stress ◽  
Tangential Load ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

Abstract The results of two-dimensional approach using real variable method to Hertz’s problem of contact of elastic bodies are presented. Both normal and tangential loads are assumed to be distributed in Hertzian fashion over the area of contact. The magnitude of the intensity of the tangential load is assumed to be linearly proportional to that of the normal load when sliding motion of the body is impending. The stresses in the elastic body due to the application of these loads on its boundary are presented in closed form for both plane-stress and plane-strain cases. A numerical value of f = 1/3 is assumed for the linear proportionality (coefficient of friction) between the tangential and normal loads in order that the distribution of stresses may be illustrated. The significance of the stress distribution, across the contact area and in the body, is also discussed. It is shown that when the combination of loads considered in the paper are applied at the contact area of bodies in contact the maximum shearing stress may be at the surface instead of beneath the surface. For example, for plane strain, if the coefficient of friction is f = 1/3, the maximum shearing stress is at the surface and is 43 per cent larger than the maximum shearing stress, which would be below the surface, that occurs when the normal force acts alone. The effect of range of normal stress and of shearing stress on the plane of maximum shear and on the plane of maximum octahedral shear on failure by progressive fracture (fatigue) is discussed.

Some Tribological Properties of an Ionic Liquid

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nogi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Lubrication Regime ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

Some tribological properties of an ionic liquid were investigated by using a pin-on-disc friction and wear tester. Due to running-in, the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid decreased with time to a very low value of 0.02 which suggests that the lubrication regime was hydrodynamic at the end of the tests. Anti-wear performance of the ionic liquid was substantially comparable to a paraffin-based oil.

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