scholarly journals Ocular manifestations and CT scan findings in a cat with suspected angioinvasive pulmonary neoplasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
L. Bataller ◽  
R. Tapia-Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Pulmonary Carcinoma ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pulmonary Neoplasia

An eleven-year-old domestic long hair cat was presented with a history of stiffness of the hind limbs, lethargy, depression, partial anorexia and recent anisocoria. Ophthalmological examination revealed chorioretinal necrosis and angioinvasive pulmonary carcinoma was suspected. Computed tomography (CT) findings were consistent with the presumable diagnosis.

scholarly journals Additive value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan for detection of aortic tube graft infection: a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnoosh Larti ◽  
Mohammad Amin Khadembashiri ◽  
Mehrshad Abbasi ◽  
Alborz Sherafati
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pet Ct Scan

Abstract Background Diagnosis of aortic graft infection is challenging, and delayed diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has improved diagnostic accuracy. Case summary A patient with a history of congenital heart disease was admitted due to fever. He had a history of four cardiac surgeries, including the Bentall procedure for endocarditis. Blood cultures were negative. A semi-mobile mass was detected in the distal portion of the aortic tube graft in echocardiography. PET/CT scan was used to confirm tube graft infection and to support proceeding to cardiac surgery. Discussion Using multimodality imaging, including PET/CT scan in combination with echocardiography, can improve diagnostic accuracy for the detection of aortic tube graft infection, infection of prosthetic valves, or intra-cardiac devices, especially in high-risk surgical cases.

Abstract 14676: Landmark-based Functional Computed Tomography Reveals Diminished Left Atrial Appendage Contraction During Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan H Chung ◽  
Gordon Ho ◽  
Andrew Schluchter ◽  
Francisco Contijoch ◽  
Jonathan C Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
History Of

Introduction: The formation of thrombus in the left atrial appendage (LAA) and risk for systemic embolization may result in part from stasis and poor blood volume emptying during atrial fibrillation (AF). Functional 4-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) is a promising technique to measure LAA ejection fraction and blood volume emptying. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the LAA ejection fraction measured by 4DCT is decreased during AF compared to sinus rhythm. Methods: 256-slice 4DCT scans obtained in patients for coronary artery imaging or pre-procedurally for AF, VT or SVT ablation procedures were analyzed retrospectively. In each patient, LAA volumes were measured at multiple phases during one cardiac cycle using segmentation software (ITK-SNAP and Osirix MD). LAA ejection fraction was calculated as the difference between minimum and maximum volumes and was analyzed using Wilcoxon rank sum. Results: Out of 54 patients, 37 patients were in sinus rhythm and 17 patients were in AF. Between NSR vs. AF, mean age was 69.1±12.8 vs 73.2±11.5 years (p=0.13), 28% vs 36% female (p=0.54), LVEF was 58±11% vs 60±9% (p=0.95), and echo-derived left atrial volume index was 29.5±6.1 ml/m2 vs 41.7±12.8 ml/m2 (p=0.06). Patients who were in sinus rhythm during their CT scan had a higher LAA ejection fraction than those who were in AF (58±13% vs. 29±9%, p<0.0001). For patients who were in AF during their CT scan, there was no difference in LAA ejection fraction between patients with a history of paroxysmal AF compared to patients with a history of persistent AF (30±10% vs. 28±10%, p=0.75). Conclusions: Analysis of the LAA volumes using functional cardiac CT is a feasible method to quantify blood volume emptying from the LAA. Patients in AF were observed to have significantly decreased LAA ejection fraction and blood volume emptying compared to patients in sinus rhythm. Further studies are needed to determine whether this technique may improve personalized risk stratification for stroke.

scholarly journals Role of Computed Tomography In Evaluation of Patients With History of Chronic Headache

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Sanju Rawal ◽  
Sadhan Mukhi ◽  
Sandip Subedi ◽  
Surendra Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
History Of

INTRODUCTION: Headache is one of the universal experience and one of the most common symptom in medical practice. It is most frequently suffered illness by human beings. As much as 90 percent of individuals have at least one episode of headache each year and severe headache is reported to occur at least annually in 40 percent of the population. Population based estimates suggest that about 4 percent of adults have daily or near daily headache. Since majority of patients who present with chronic or recurrent headache have no significant intracranial abnormalities to be detected on neuroimaging. The main objective of our study was to obtain socio demographic status of patients presenting with history of chronic headache and to assess the role of CT scan in evaluation of such patients presenting to radiology department from various departments of Universal College of Medical Sciences & Teaching Hospital (UCMSTH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients with complaints of chronic headache and referred to Department of Radiology from August 2013 to April 2014 were included in the study. Total of 193 cases were included. Intravenous contrast medium was given in all 193 cases. Patients were divided into two groups with normal and abnormal CT findings. Results were tabulated and analyzed for the diagnostic yield from imaging in evaluation of patient with history of chronic headache. RESULTS: Out of 193 patients, 182 had normal CT (94.31%) and 11(5.69%) had abnormal CT findings. Contrast enhanced CT scans did not improve lesion detection .Out of 11 abnormal CT findings 3 of them had intracranial space occupying lesion, 3 had calcified granuloma, 2 of them had sinusitis, 1 had hydrocephalus, 1 cerebral atrophy and 1 with persistent cavum septum pellucidum. CONCLUSION: The proportion of intracranial abnormalities detected by CT in patients with history of chronic headache in this study was similar to that of previous studies. This corroborates the evidence that the ability of CT scan in detecting intracranial pathology is low in patient with chronic headache with exclusion of any neurological abnormality.

scholarly journals Prediction of Extrathyroidal Extension Using Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doh Young Lee ◽  
Tack-Kyun Kwon ◽  
Myung-Whun Sung ◽  
Kwang Hyun Kim ◽  
J. Hun Hah
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Extrathyroidal Extension ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Preoperative Prediction ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Thyroid Capsule

Objectives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the value of high-resolution ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) scan for preoperative prediction of the extrathyroidal extension (ETE).Methods. We analyzed the medical records of 377 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with preoperative US and CT scan to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of characteristics imaging features (such as contact and disruption of thyroid capsule) for the presence of ETE in postoperative pathologic examination. We also evaluated the diagnostic power for several combinations of US and CT findings.Results. ETE was present in 174 (46.2%) based on pathologic reports. The frequency of ETE was greater in the patients with greater degrees of tumor contact and disruption of capsule, as revealed by both US and CT scans (positive predictive value of 72.2% and 81.8%, resp.). Considering positive predictive values and AUC of US and CT categories, separately or combined, a combination of US and CT findings was most accurate for predicting ETE (83.0%, 0.744).Conclusions. This study suggests that ETE can be predicted most accurately by a combination of categories based on the findings of US and CT scans.

Cerebral Gliosarcomas: Correlation of Computed Tomographic Findings, Surgical Aspect, Pathological Features, and Prognosis

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Maiuri ◽  
Lucio Stella ◽  
Dino Benvenuti ◽  
Arcangelo Giamundo ◽  
Guido Pettinato
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Prolonged Survival ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Sarcomatous Component ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Ct Finding

Abstract The cases of 5 patients with cerebral gliosarcomas examined by computed tomography are reported and the correlations among the computed tomographic (CT) findings, the surgical and histological aspects, and the prognosis are discussed. In some patients, these tumors appear on CT scan as intracerebral lesions, with large necrotic areas and peripheral contrast enhancement; this CT aspect, similar to that of glioblastomas, corresponds to a diffusely infiltrating growth of the tumor and the prevalence of a gliomatous component. In other patients, the tumor appears on the CT scan as a hyperdense mass with well-defined margins and homogenous contrast enhancement;; this CT finding, which may mimic that of a meningioma, corresponds to a rather well-demarcated surgical aspect and the prevalence of sarcomatous component. In our series, we have also noticed a more prolonged survival in a patient with a CT aspect that suggested a meningioma and prevalence of the sarcomatous component.

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Findings of Pulmonary Mycobacterium simiae Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayeh Baghizadeh ◽  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Poopak Farnia
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Zonal Distribution ◽  
Sputum Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nodular Lesions ◽  
Mycobacterium Simiae

Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary infections can be quite similar to tuberculosis, both clinically and radiologically. However, the treatment protocol is not similar. Mycobacterium simiae is a rare cause of NTM pulmonary infection. Herein, we aimed to evaluate and compare the computed tomography (CT) scan findings of M. simiae infection in lungs. For this reason, thirty-four patients (n=34) with M. simiae lung infection were retrospectively evaluated. Diagnosis was confirmed by American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines and CT scans were reviewed in both lung and mediastinal windows. The average age of patients was 63±14.54 years and 52.9% were male. The majority of patients had cough (91.2%) and sputum production (76.5%). Clinically, 41.2% of patients had previous history of TB (14/34), 38.2% had cardiac diseases (13/34), and 35.3% had diabetes mellitus (12/34). The most common CT findings in our study were nodular lesions (100%) and bronchiectasis (85.29%). Regarding the severity, grade I bronchiectasis was the most prevalent. Other prominent findings were tree-in-bud sign (88.2%), consolidation (52.94%), and lobar fibrosis and volume loss (67.6%). There was no significant zonal distribution of findings. In conclusion, nodular lesions and bronchiectasis are the most frequent features in CT scan of M. simiae pulmonary infection.

scholarly journals Evaluation of chest computed tomography features in COVID-19: a single-center retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-594
Author(s):  
Akshat Sanjay Shukla ◽  
Sanjay Rajendraprasad Shukla ◽  
Feral Ravi Daruwala
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pulmonary Vessel ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Second Wave

Background: Even though Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is a gold standard for confirming COVID-19, it continues to be plagued by a lack of RT-PCR kits and the potential of false-negative results. Hence, during the second wave of COVID-19 in India, Computed Tomography (CT) scan is an emerging diagnostic tool in evaluating the severity of illness in COVID-19 pneumonia. The present study endeavored to assess chest CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia in Indian population. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study conducted in 300 consecutive adults RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients from 1, Jan 2021 to 31, March 2021 at a private radio diagnostic center.  Data regarding baseline demographics, clinical and laboratory characteristics, extent, pattern, and type of abnormal CT findings were noted. Results: The study population (204 males and 108 females) had mean age of 43.18 ± 8.27 years.  Our study's most common clinical presentation was cough (48.1%) and fever (47.1%), respectively. Lung parenchymal abnormalities were found in 294 (94.2%) patients. Abnormal CT findings revealed the involvement of bilateral (45.6%) and multilobar (42.9%) with a predominant peripheral (92.3%) and posterior (80.8%) distribution. According to the type of opacity, Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) was the dominant abnormality found in 270 (91.8%) patients, in which pure GGO (36.7%), GGO with crazy paving pattern (39.8%), and GGO mixed with consolidation (52.0 %) were noted. Peri-lesional or intralesional segmental or subsegmental pulmonary vessel enlargement was found in 192 (65.3 %) patients. Conclusion: During the second wave of COVID-19, a chest CT scan is a modality of choice in diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia and related lung parenchymal changes.

Computed Tomographic Findings Characteristic for Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anniek Vlijm ◽  
Jaap Stoker ◽  
Shandra Bipat ◽  
Anje M. Spijkerboer ◽  
Saffire S.K.S. Phoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Control Study

Background Computed tomography (CT) is often used to confirm the diagnosis of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) but there is no consensus on specific CT abnormalities. To establish CT findings characteristic for EPS, we compared CT findings between EPS patients and long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients without EPS. Methods We included as cases all EPS patients in our center from 1996 to 2008 that underwent a CT scan at the time of diagnosis. Controls were all other long-term PD patients (PD duration ≥ 4 years) without EPS that had a CT scan for different reasons. The CT scans were blindly and independently reviewed by 3 radiologists: 2 abdominal radiologists with PD knowledge (Observers 1 and 2) and 1 radiologist without PD experience (Observer 3). Results We included 15 EPS patients and 16 controls. Observer 1 found 6 CT findings that were significantly more often present in EPS than in controls ( p ≤ 0.05): peritoneal enhancement, thickening, and calcifications; adhesions of bowel loops; signs of obstruction; and fluid loculation/septation. Observer 2 scored almost identically but Observer 3 scored differently. The sensitivity and specificity of a combination of specific CT findings were, respectively, 100% and 94% for Observers 1 and 2, and 79% and 88% for Observer 3. Conclusion CT scans showed characteristic abnormalities that were significantly more often present in EPS patients compared to long-term PD control patients. CT can be used to confirm the diagnosis of EPS when experienced radiologists apply a combination of specific CT findings.

Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury in Head Trauma Patients in Tertiary Hospital of Eastern Region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1352-1357
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Yadav ◽  
Binit Dev ◽  
Sushil Taparia ◽  
Parvez Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Intracranial Lesions ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in patients with head trauma is common cause for emergency visits to hospital affecting all age groups. It is one of important leading cause of death and disability worldwide besides leading to neurological disease burden. Noncontrast enhanced Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is imaging modality of choice for detection of various intracranial lesions. Objectives: This study was done to analyse various imaging findings on MDCT in traumatic head injury patients along with association of CT findings with clinical manifestation and mechanism of injury. Methodology: In this ethically approved prospective study, CT scan was done in 224 consecutive patients with head injury from November 2020 to February 2021. The various imaging findings seen in CT scan were documented in proforma. The data collected was analyzed with appropriate statistical test and statistical significance was calculated. Results: Total of 224 patients with diagnosis of head injury were included in the study. The male to female ratio was 2.86 and most common age group involved was between 20-40years (41.1%). The most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents (57.6%) and most of the patients presented with history of altered sensorium (35.7%). About 47.3% patients showed abnormal findings on CT scan with scalp lesion was most common findings (82%) followed by skull fractures (54.7%) and cerebral contusions (43.4%). Patients with history of RTA had more abnormal CT scan (62%) than fall injury and physical assault. Statistically significant association seen between CT scan findings with Glasgow Coma Scale and RTA (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed well documented role of CT scan in diagnosis of TBI besides detection of spectrum of intracranial lesions in patients with head trauma. Road traffic accident is most common mode of head injury with most of the victims are young middle age active male. 

scholarly journals Clinical predictors of abnormal head computed tomography scan in patients who are conscious after head injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 064-067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ashok Munivenkatappa ◽  
Vasuki Prathyusha ◽  
Dhaval P. Shukla ◽  
Bhagavatula Indira Devi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Abnormal Head ◽  
History Of ◽  
Head Computed Tomography

ABSTRACT Background: Indication of a head computed tomography (CT) scan in a patient who remains conscious after head injury is controversial. We aimed to determine the clinical features that are most likely to be associated with abnormal CT scan in patients with a history of head injury, and who are conscious at the time of presentation to casualty. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observation study of patients presented to casualty with history of head injury, and who were conscious, i.e., Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 15 at the time of evaluation. All patients underwent head CT scan. The CT scan was reported as abnormal if it showed any pathology ascribed to trauma. The following variables were used: age, gender, mode of injury (road traffic accident, fall, assault, and others), duration since injury, and history of transient loss of consciousness, headache, vomiting, ear/nose bleeding, and seizures. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the clinical features that predicted an abnormal CT scan. Results: During the observation period, a total of 1629 patients with head injury were evaluated, out of which 453 were in GCS 15. Abnormal CT scan was present in 195 (43%) patients. Among all the variables, the following were found significantly associated with abnormal CT scan: duration since injury (>12 h) P < 0.001; vomiting odds, ratio (OR) 1.89 (1.23, 2.80), P < 0.001; and presence of any symptom, OR 2.36 (1.52, 3.71), P < 0.001. Conclusion: A patient with GCS 15 presenting after 12 hours of injury with vomiting or combination of symptoms has a significant risk of abnormal head CT scan.

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