scholarly journals ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AND GENOTOXIC POTENTIAL FROM EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS OF RICHARDIA BRASILIENSIS GOMES (RUBIACEAE) BY THE ALLIUM CEPA L. TEST SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-431
Author(s):  
Rafaela C. Dornelles ◽  
Gabriela C. Leal ◽  
Ana Carla S. Decian ◽  
Daniele D. dos Santos ◽  
Gabriel A. Radiske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Test System ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Investigation of cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of Malpighia glabra L. (barbados cherry) fruit pulp and vitamin C on plant and animal test systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisângela Düsman ◽  
Márcia Flores da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Alessandra Paim Berti ◽  
Rosinete Gonçalves Mariucci ◽  
Mário Sérgio Mantovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Test System ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Fruits are important sources of nutrients in human diet, and Barbados Cherry (Malpighia glabra L.) is of particular interest due to its high content of antioxidants. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables protect individuals against diseases and cancer, but excessive intake of vitamins may act as pro-oxidant and generate changes in DNA. To evaluate the effect of different in natura (BAN) and frozen (BAF) Barbados Cherry pulp concentrations and synthetic vitamin C in liquid form (VC) on the chromosome level and the cell cycle division, root meristeme cells of Allium cepa L. and bone marrow cells of Wistar rats Rattus norvegicus, were used as test system. In Allium cepa L., BAN, at the highest concentration (0.4 mg.mL-1) and BAF, at the lowest concentration (0.2 mg.mL-1), inhibited cell division, and there was recovery of cell division after the recovery period in water only for BAN. In the Wistar rats, all treatments with Barbados Cherry, either acute or subchronic, were not cytotoxic or mutagenic; only the highest concentration of VC increased significantly the rate of chromosomal abnormalities. The data obtained are important to reinforce the use of Barbados Cherry fruit in the diet.

scholarly journals Antiproliferative action of aqueous extracts of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. (Fabaceae) on the cell cycle of Allium cepa L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1147-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOURRAN P. LACERDA ◽  
GEIZ MALAQUIAS ◽  
ANA PAULA PERON
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Test System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Antiproliferative Action ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Meristematic Root ◽  
Number Of Cells

In this study we evaluated the action of crude aqueous extracts obtained from rhytidome of Hymenaea stigonocarpa (jatobá-do-cerrado) on Allium cepa meristematic root cells in three concentrations: 0.082, 0.164, 0.328g/mL, at exposure times of 24 and 48 h. The slides were prepared by the crushing technique, and cells analyzed throughout the cell cycle, totaling 5000 for each control group and concentration. It was found that all three concentrations, including the lowest which is considered ideal for use, in all exposure times, had significant antiproliferative action on the cell cycle of this test system. For cells under division, we observed a high number of cells in prophase. Therefore, under the conditions studied H. stigonocarpa indicated to be cytotoxic.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of water from the River Paraíba do Sul, in Brazil, with the Allium cepa L. test

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Barbério ◽  
L. Barros ◽  
JC. Voltolini ◽  
MLS. Mello
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Water Treatments

This work investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of water from the River Paraíba do Sul (Brazil) using Allium cepa roots. An anatomo-morphological parameter (root length), mitotic indices, and frequency of micronuclei were analysed. Eight bulbs were chosen at random for treatment for 24 to 120 hours with the River water collected in the years of 2005 and 2006 from sites in the cities of Tremembé and Aparecida (São Paulo state, Brazil). Daily measurements of the length of the roots grown from each bulb were carried out throughout the experiment. Mitotic index (MI) and frequency of micronuclei (MN) were determined for 2000 cells per root, using 3-5 root tips from other bulbs (7-10). Only in the roots treated with samples of the River water collected in 2005 in Tremembé city was there a decrease in the root length growth compared to the respective control. However, a reduction in MI values was verified for both sites analysed for that year. Considering the data involving root length growth and especially MI values, a cytotoxic potential is suggested for the water of the River Paraíba do Sul at Tremembé and Aparecida, in the year of 2005. On the other hand, since in this year the MN frequency was not affected with the river water treatments, genotoxicity is not assumed for the river water sampled at the aforementioned places.

scholarly journals CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF THE CRUDE SAPONINS OF Yucca elephantipesL. LEAVESONTHE Allium cepa L. ROOT TIPS MITOSIS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 542-549
Author(s):  
Mohammed & Najem
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Test System ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Phase Index ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Plant Test

 This study was aimed to investigate cytogenetic effects of the crude saponinsof Yucca elephantipes leaves on mitosis. The root tips of Allium cepa L. were used as plant test system in vivo. Root tips of A. cepa were tested for four hours with four concentrations of the crude saponins (0.00, 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/ml). This study were included some cytogenetic diagnosis included mitotic index, phase index, and chromosomal aberration. Results showed that saponins reduced the mitotic index (MI) to less than 50%, specifically when treated with 12.5,25 or 50 mg/ ml mitotic index reached 25.48, 17.98, 18.81% respectively, this reduction was considered toxic and sub lethal. Saponins arrested chromosomes at metaphase (c-metaphase) up to 100% at 6.25 mg/ml and chromosomal aberrations including micronuclei and nuclear lesion (chromatin lesion) in prophase and interphase at the concentrations 25 and 50 mg/l recorded 1.30-8.30%.

scholarly journals Chromatographic analysis, antiproliferative effect and genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of Citrus sinensis (L.) osbeck on the Allium cepa L. test system

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1213-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Tedesco ◽  
Andrielle Wouters Kuhn ◽  
Aline Augusti Boligon ◽  
Haywood Dail Laughinghouse IV ◽  
Margareth Linde Athayde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Test System ◽  
Antiproliferative Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Assessment of the genotoxicity of water and soil in the places of storage of reserves of old pesticides by Allium-test

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Oksana Cherednichenko ◽  
Serikbay Nuraliev ◽  
Bakytzhan Bekmanov ◽  
Anastassiya Pilugina ◽  
Leila Dzhansugurova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Test System ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Allium Test ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Almost All

Pesticides and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a serious environmental problem for almost all countries of the world. The toxic and mutagenic activity of samples of natural water and water extracts of soils collected near the storage sites of old and prohibited pesticides located in the villages of Kyzylkairat, Amangeldy, Beskainar, Belbulak, Enbekshi. Territories of comparison Basshi village (Altyn Emel National Park) and near farmland, where pesticides were used in the past (Taukaraturk village, Almaty region) was investigated. Allium cepa L. was used as a biological test system. The mitotic activity and the frequency of disturbances at different stages of mitosis in onion root meristem were evaluated. Chemical analysis showed that in all soil samples the total content of 24 POPsPesticides exceeds the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). It was established that the level of mitotic activity of Allium cepa cells in all samples was slightly reduced compared with the control. In soil samples, the frequency of micronuclei in interphase cells (0.22-3.25%) is higher than in water samples (0.36-0.99%) (control 0.41%). The revealed increased level of cytogenetic disorders correlates with the total content of organochlorine pesticides.

scholarly journals Action of Aqueous Extracts of Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves on Meristematic Root Cells of Allium cepa L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1131-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERASMOVLANE S.B. NEVES ◽  
PAULO MICHEL PINHEIRO FERREIRA ◽  
LEONARDO H.G.M. LIMA ◽  
ANA PAULA PERON
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Test System ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Meristematic Root

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extracts of dried Phyllanthus niruri L. (stonebreaker) leaves on Allium cepa L. root meristem cells at four concentrations, 0.02 (usual concentration), 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08mg/mL and exposure times of 24 and 48 hours. For each concentration we used a group of five onion bulbs that were first embedded in distilled water and then transferred to their respective concentrations. The radicles were collected and fixed in acetic acid (3:1) for 24 hours. The slides were prepared by the crushing technique and stained with 2% acetic orcein. Cells were analyzed throughout the cell cycle, totaling 5000 for each control and exposure time. The calculated mitotic indices were subjected to the Chi-squared statistical analysis (p<0.05). From the results obtained it was observed that all four concentrations tested had significant antiproliferative effect on the cell cycle of this test system. We also found the presence of cellular aberrations such as colchicined metaphases, anaphasic and telophasic bridges, and micronuclei in the two exposure times for all concentrations evaluated. Therefore, under the conditions studied the concentrations of aqueous extracts of leaves of P. niruri showed to be cytotoxic and genotoxic.

scholarly journals ГЕНОТОКСИЧЕСКИЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ ДОННЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ РЕКИ ЧУМЫШ В КЛЕТКАХ КОРНЕВОЙ МЕРИСТЕМЫ ALLIUM CEPA L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-358
Author(s):  
L. P. Khlebova ◽  
N. N. Chernysheva ◽  
O. V. Bychkova ◽  
A. P. Kraynov
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Test System ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Apical Root Meristem

<p><em> </em></p><p>Cytogenetic effects of bottom sediments from Chumysh river near Talmenka (Russia, Altai Territory) were studied. It was found that the aqueous extracts of bottom sediments induced a strong cytotoxic effect reducing 1.7 times the mitotic activity in the apical root meristem in <em>Allium cepa </em>test system. The level of pathological mitoses (14.01%) was significantly higher than the background value (0.86%) and indicated the presence of factors with a total mutagenic activity in the bottom sediments of the river. This level is classified as high one. The different types of unequal chromosome segregation were the main violations during cell divisions. Dominance in the spectrum of anomalies metaphase spindle pathologies gave reason to believe about the chemical contamination of bottom sediments from Chumysh river. Stress factors of the sediments activate adaptive mechanisms of cells in test system to preserve their viability and reliability of the transmission of genetic information to future cell generations. The adaptive mechanisms are micronucleus and polyploidy cell formations.<em></em></p>

scholarly journals Phytotoxic effects of CdTe quantum dots on root meristems of Allium cepa L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. e890
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Smirnov ◽  
Mariia Kovalenko ◽  
Leila-Аnastasiia Karpets ◽  
Volodymyr Dzhagan ◽  
Olga Kapush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Test System ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Cytostatic Agents ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots

The effect of solutions of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QD) as powerful cytotoxic effectors was investigated using a standard Allium cepa L. test system. The diameters of synthesized CdTe QD derived from the optical data varied within 3 – 4 nm. Toxicity of experimental solutions of CdTe QD at the organism level were evaluated by measuring biomass growth of onion roots and cytotoxic influence was estimated based on proliferative activity of root meristem cells. All of CdTe QD experimental solutions in concentration 10 µM significantly inhibited the growth of Allium cepa L. roots, proliferative activity, and total dehydrogenase activity. Relation between the QDs size and their phytotoxicity was not found. However, the highest inhibiting impact was for QDs solution with a nanocrystals size of 3.5 nm. Their ability to penetrate into cells and interact with their intracellular components may cause inhibiting mitosis without fixed clastogenic and aneugenic effects. Solutions of CdTe QD at a given concentration can be considered as potent cytostatic agents for plant cells with antimitotic properties.

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