scholarly journals The Role of the Energy Charter Treaty in Fostering and Promoting Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Naimeh Masumy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
Energy Charter Treaty ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Important Objective

The paper aims to critically analyze whether the Energy Charter Treaty (hereafter “ECT”) can be considered a viable instrument to foster and safeguard the concept of sustainable development, whilst simultaneously promoting foreign investment. First, an overview of the investment protection regime under ECT will be set out, assessing whether or not the ECT ensures that investments are in line with environmentally sound practices. Secondly, this study examines whether references to energy efficiency and environmental concern could signify that this treaty does not only place importance on investment protection, but also considers energy efficiency an equally important objective.  Subsequently, this paper will argue that whilst the ECT can be read as promoting sustainable development, this goal is often not realized when the ECT provisions are applied in reality. Finally, the article will propose some reforms that could be made to the ECT which ensures observing key issue related to energy efficiency and sustainable development.

Problem of energy efficiency in the model of sustainable development in Ukraine: EU experience

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Vasyl Zelenko ◽  
Yaryna Ferenchak ◽  
Nataliya Zelenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Efficient Construction

The paper outlines major preconditions of development of energy efficiency programs and the process of their introduction from the perspective of sustainable development concept. Energy saving measures of European Union are examined, its experience and results, like green books and Thermie programs, etc are analyzed. The paper also specifies relevant activities and responsibilities undertaken by Member States by 2030 and the rates planned to be achieved. The experience of neighboring Poland in energy efficiency promotion is analyzed, as far as the country most closely resembles Ukraine by the initial rates in 1990. We calculated conditional losses of Ukraine in 2017 as the gap between the rates of energy efficiency of Ukraine and Poland (similarity of climate conditions and the state of housing funds allowed us to assume that the comparison will be the most correct regarding Ukraine). The results of calculations make us conclude that the funds are used most efficiently if the money designated, for example, for subsidizing of population are directed at strengthening of energy efficiency (at least up to the level of neighboring country). It will result in saving of about 40 billion. This is the amount defined as Ukrainian capacity in terms of improvement of energy saving and possible results of its realization. The paper determines the stage Ukraine is at in introduction of energy efficiency measures and programs: “warm loans” program; conditions regarding energy saving in Ukraine enshrined in the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement; creation of legal basis, namely the Law of Ukraine “On Energy Efficiency Fund” as of 8 June 2017. The role of newly created Energy Efficiency Fund is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the fact that energy efficient construction is one of international liabilities undertaken by Ukraine. The presence of The Active House Alliance at Ukrainian market is an important achievement in this sphere as it is the non-profit association aiming at creation of housing concept corresponding to the sustainable development principles.

scholarly journals Contradictory Conservation: The Role of Leadership in Shaping Energy Efficiency Culture in Urban Residential Cooperative Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 648
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Board Member ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Strong Energy ◽  
Informal Leaders

In addition to formalized leadership roles within organizations, leadership can also influence members through informal channels. This work argues that multifamily residential buildings can be viewed as organizations and, as such, explores the influence that informal leaders can wield in shaping culture around the motivation for conserving energy. This work draws on qualitative fieldwork conducted in a Brooklyn cooperative building. Findings indicate that the study building benefitted from the leadership of a long-standing board member, which contributed to the implementation of a number of energy efficiency initiatives. Interestingly, this leadership also led to a culture of cost efficiency over environmental concern as the motivating force behind these initiatives. This narrative was well disseminated, with most residents reporting that the building does not have a culture of conservation, despite a strong energy efficiency leaning. Thus, this work posits that leadership can greatly shape perception and culture around energy but can also be leveraged to craft a more environmentally-motivated conservation culture. It also argues that leadership can be complementary to decentralized organizational structures, and that creative mechanisms in residential buildings can capitalize on both, allowing members at all levels of the organization more influence in shaping the building’s culture.

2 The Energy Charter Treaty: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hobér Kaj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
National Treatment ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
Energy Charter Treaty ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
Multilateral Treaty

This chapter provides an overview of the Energy Charter Treaty. Developed on the basis of the European Energy Charter of 1991, the Energy Charter Treaty is a multilateral treaty dealing with inter-governmental co-operation in the energy sector. It covers five broad areas in the energy sector: trade; investment protection; transit; environmental protection and energy efficiency; and settlement of disputes. The trade provisions of the Treaty were designed to import fundamental GATT principles, such as non-discrimination, national treatment, most-favoured-nation treatment, and transparency. The provisions on investment protection are found in Part III of the Treaty. In particular, Article 13 in Part III deals with expropriation, while Article 10 deals with various standards of treatment of foreign investments. The rules for facilitating transit of energy through the participating States are laid down in Article 7. The transit regime is based on freedom of transit and the principle of non-discrimination. Meanwhile, Article 19 of the ECT sets forth a number of ‘best efforts’ obligations of the Contracting Parties with respect to environmental protection and energy efficiency. Lastly, the ECT includes two binding dispute settlement mechanisms: investor-State arbitration for investment disputes (Article 26) and state-to-state arbitration for basically all disputes that may arise under the ECT (Article 27), with the exception for disputes concerning competition (Article 6(7)) and environment (Article 27(2)). The chapter then looks at the Energy Charter Conference, an inter-governmental organization established by the ECT and the governing and decision-making body for the Energy Charter Process.

Promoting Environmental Sustainability Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Miftachul Huda ◽  
Azmil Hashim ◽  
Mohd Aderi Che Noh ◽  
Mohd Hairy Ibrahim ◽  
Budi Rismayadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
University Industry

In the last decade, the emerging needs for social responsibility on environmental concern has been considerably transmitted into the initiative of firm alliance. This chapter attempts to examine the essential points of university-, industry-, and community-based strategic partnership for further collaboration alliance. This chapter focuses on the key role of strategic partnership with cooperating into the concern in driving the procedural stage on sustainable development. The findings reveal that outstanding value of strategic partnership would give insights into empowering sustainable-based institutional arrangements assigned with the wide attempts to contribute the prudent public policy formulation to implement the good service to solve environmental and related issues. The value is that strategic partnership trend incorporated in this context would be the point of view for sustainable development agenda rooted into the way of living processes paradigm together with demonstrating the wide range of sustainable governance.

scholarly journals Role of Energy Efficiency and Conservation Including Demand Side Management for Sustainable Development in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 1210
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Ranjan ◽  
Mukesh Chandra Verma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Energy Efficiency And Conservation

Energy is used to provide cost-effective services meet the objectives of promoting sustainable development. The importance of Energy Efficiency and Conservation (EE and EC) is to conserve depleting energy resources. Energy efficiency in India has been increasing which has led the Government of India through the Energy Conservation Act (ECA) and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) to begin several programs. Demand Side Management (DSM) and Energy Efficiency and Conservation are improving the economic growth of Indian utilities.DSM also aimed at promoting the installation and use of energy efficient equipment that consume less power having good quality of output. Energy efficiency is important for sustainable future. Demand Side Management including Demand Response (DR) Activity is utilized to limit the peak electricity demand. DSM helps grid operators to act as virtual power plants and power the utilities to transmit energy when needed through demand response measures. Demand Response (DR) measures can be adapted for a industrial and commercial facility that includes turning off air conditioning, lighting, pumps, and other non-essential equipment. Demand Response is a Demand Side Management (DSM) method in which the end users of electricity are encouraged to take part in dropping the peak load on the system by altering their normal energy consumption schedule. The basic objective of the Agriculture, Municipal and Industrial Demand Side Management (DSM) programmes are to improve the overall energy efficiency of the SLDC (State Load Dispatch Centre) and Electricity Grids which could lead to substantial savings in the electricity consumption, resulting in cost reduction and savings. The target of energy saving can be achieved by implementing acts and policies which leads to state wise DSM Regulations by Regulatory Commissions to the State Power Utilities. The Role of DSM and Energy Efficiency including conservation can fulfill the dreams projects electricity demand in Smart Cities. The Role of State Electricity Regulatory Commissions and Forum of Regulators are very important to make India’s electricity demand in future.  

scholarly journals NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL KAWASAN WISATA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATANGREEN MARKETING BERBASIS MASYARAKAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Nawangsih Nawangsih
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Green Marketing ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Marketing Activity ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Marketing Approach

The research goal is to knowing about: value of local wisdom preserved in the tourist area as a tourist attraction, application of the approach of green marketing in an effort to preserve the value of local wisdom in the tourist area, attraction other potential supporters developed in the tourist area with green marketing approach and role of POKDARWIS to preserve the tourist areas.This study uses a qualitative  method  using a  phenomenological  approach.  There  is the  approach  with the  special characteristic that happen in this location bamboo forets,using interviews, observation / observation and document research techniques.The research results are expected value of local wisdom is like traditions, customs owned by the community can be preserved. Green marketing approach serves as activity to keeping concept of local wisdom in the tourist area as environmentally sound educational of bamboo it can be exis and then can be iconic this location always  good and useful to enviroinment and society arroun this place. Kelompok Sadar Wisata / POKARWIS give the contribute to bring a succesthe green marketing activity and the activity to be serve of the value local wisdom from the environmental concern

The Role of accounting creativity in Encouraging Foreign Investment and Achieving Sustainable Development : An applied study on a sample of Iraqi banks listed in the Iraq Stock

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-228
Author(s):  
Moj Abbas Jassim ◽  
Amjad Karim Ghadd ◽  
Abbas Hadi Kate
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Creative Accounting ◽  
International Laws

The research aims to identify the role that creative accounting plays in improving the image of the financial statements in a way that helps to attract foreign investment, which leads to increasing capital and achieving sustainable development. For the purpose of achieving this, the research is applied on a sample of Iraqi banks in the money market for the financial years (2013- 2018) by analyzing the amount of accounting innovations and knowing the growth of the invested capital during the same period. Through that, the research objectives have been achieved and the hypothesis tested. The most important finding of the research is that the creative accounting plays an active role in changing the perception of external users on the financial reports submitted by Iraqi banks. In addition, it helps to improve the procedures that the accountant takes by changing the accounting policies in a way that changes the business result and net income in a way that changes the view of investors Outsiders. The most important recommendation is the need to improve the ideal display of financial elements according to the method that encourages foreign investment. This is reflected in achieving sustainable development, as well as providing appropriate financial methods that allow the accountant to amend accounting procedures in line with international laws and standards in a way that attracts external investors.

Alternatives to Capitalism

2020 ◽  
pp. 266-290
Author(s):  
Raquel Antolin-Lopez ◽  
Ana Lopez-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
Collective Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Collective

The seriousness of current social and environmental problems implies that a real transition towards sustainable development is only possible through collaborative actions between actors and organizations. However, most of the research continues to focus on the actions of individual sustainable entrepreneurs with little evidence on business models triggered by collective entrepreneurship. This chapter aims to analyze the role of emerging pro-social collective organizations that aim to offer alternatives to capitalism, that is, an alternative to organizations that only seek to maximize economic revenues at the expense of social and environmental deterioration. Specifically, the chapter analyzes the business models of three sustainable cooperatives in Spain that have initiated a movement that promotes social well-being and environmental concern through collective business models that rely heavily on social media to gain exposure and attract followers to their cause in different strategic sectors. The cooperatives subject of this study are Som Energia, Som Conexió, and Som Mobilitat.

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