THE PROBLEM OF ECOLOGICAL RISK ZONES IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF THE CRIMEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Natalya Vetrova ◽  
Tatyana Ivanenko ◽  
Anastasiya Gaisarova ◽  
Emran Mennanov
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Ensuring environmentally safe conditions for the use and development of coastal areas, which usually have a high level of urbanization, is an important engineering and socio-economic task, since it requires tak-ing into account environmental factors of natural and man-made environments when optimizing planning solutions for development and organization of activities. The work is devoted to the study and identification of areas of environmental risk in the current resort and recreational, residential and industrial areas, com-plex environmental conditions and prospects for the development of coastal areas of the Crimea (for exam-ple, recreational complexes of the southern coast of Crimea). When conducting research of problem areas, the structure of the drainage system, with an emphasis on stormwater, areas of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the impact of highways, has been studied in detail. Conducted researches allowed to establish for all in-vestigated water objects changes of water quality due to the flow of non-canalized domestic sewage, the storm sewers, sewage waters of individual small private enterprises, the unorganized surface drain during rains, a high recreational load on separate beaches. The highest level of pollution, including microbiological, coastal marine waters are observed when they are to several sources of pollution at the same time. Considered possi-ble measures to reduce or overcome negative processes in the environment. In order to improve the ecologi-cal condition and recreational value of coastal beaches, it is necessary to redistribute the flow of residents throughout the coastal zone, to solve the problems of water supply, sanitation of territories for the placement of solid waste and other waste, and to take preventive and technical measures for the protection of coastal recreational zones. The research results can be used in the development of projects for the reconstruction of the territory of coastal settlements of the southern coast of Crimea while ensuring environmental safety.

Vulnerability of coastal areas to increased aquifer saturation due to climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Gauvain ◽  
Ronan Abhervé ◽  
Jean-Raynald de Dreuzy ◽  
Luc Aquilina ◽  
Frédéric Gresselin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact

<p>Like in other relatively flat coastal areas, flooding by aquifer overflow is a recurring problem on the western coast of Normandy (France). Threats are expected to be enhanced by the rise of the sea level and to have critical consequences on the future development and management of the territory. The delineation of the increased saturation areas is a required step to assess the impact of climate change locally. Preliminary models showed that vulnerability does not result only from the sea side but also from the continental side through the modifications of the hydrological regime.</p><p>We investigate the processes controlling these coastal flooding phenomena by using hydrogeological models calibrated at large scale with an innovative method reproducing the hydrographic network. Reference study sites selected for their proven sensitivity to flooding have been used to validate the methodology and determine the influence of the different geomorphological configurations frequently encountered along the coastal line.</p><p>Hydrogeological models show that the rise of the sea level induces an irregular increase in coastal aquifer saturations extending up to several kilometers inland. Back-littoral channels traditionally used as a large-scale drainage system against high tides limits the propagation of aquifer saturation upstream, provided that channels are not dominantly under maritime influence. High seepage fed by increased recharge occurring in climatic extremes may extend the vulnerable areas and further limit the effectiveness of the drainage system. Local configurations are investigated to categorize the influence of the local geological and geomorphological structures and upscale it at the regional scale.</p>

scholarly journals Storm emissions of macrophytes at the cape Martyan (Southern coast of Crimea, Black Sea)

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
T. V. Belich ◽  
S. A. Sadogurskaya ◽  
S. Ye. Sadogursky
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Waves

Information about the peculiarities of the formation of storm emissions of macrophyte on the coast, at cape Martyan (the Southern coast of the Crimea) is presented. The studies were conducted from June 2019 to August 2020. Storm emissions on this part of the coast are formed with winds from the eastern (including north-eastern and south - eastern), southern and south-western directions and the corresponding direction of the waves. With north and west winds, the accumulated algae are carried back to the sea. Along the leveled coastal areas, storm emissions are distributed fairly evenly, without forming abundant accumulations. Stable zones accumulation of emissions are formed near the block heap, as well as at the bases of hydraulic structures. During one storm, cast ashore 40 kg to 7784 kg of phytomass. In total, 33061 kg of storm emissions were received on the shore during the year, which is about one percent of the annual production and a little more than two percent of the bottom vegetation reserves of the adjacent water area. The volume of storm emissions depends on the intensity of wave activity, the direction and strength of winds, on the morphology of the coast, as well as on seasonal phenomena in the life cycle of macrophytes.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Suburban Ecosystems of Industrial Centres and Ways of their Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Nikolay Vladimirovich Onistratenko ◽  
Elena Anatolievna Ivantsova ◽  
Andrey Alexandrovich Denysov ◽  
Denys Anatolyevich Solodovnikov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTechnogenic contamination of ecosystems is one of the main dangers of our time. In order to reduce the harmful effects of this contamination and to provide cost-effective and environmentally safe food production methods, we are forced to look for ways of reliable analysis of the environmental situation, the selection systems of animal husbandry and regulations for the degree of impact of pollutants on the elements of the agroecosystem. This article presents the results of studies aimed at assessing the plight of the environment of a large industrial centre, and its anthropogenic impacts on every element of the suburban ecosystems. It presents data on maintenance and migration of anthropogenous pollutants in the trophic chains of pasturable ecosystems of the suburb of Volgograd. The authors have listed the industrial enterprises as the key sources of pollution. The features of the distribution of xenobiotics in the tissues and organs of calves and heifers of different breeds were analysed in the study. Conclusions were drawn on the accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in cattle, and the impact of this factor on the quality of production. A comparative assessment of the resistance of different breeds of cows to the action of toxicants in the environment of the Lower Volga region was carried out. Ways to decrease the impact of pollutants on the cattle organism have also been suggested. The article pays attention to the environmental pollution of the industrial centre, the influence of these processes on all elements of an ecosystem including humans, and offers ways to minimize the damage.

scholarly journals The Impact of Consumption Patterns on the Generation of Municipal Solid Waste in China: Evidences from Provincial Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Liu ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
Msw Management ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is the derivative of urban development and it is harmful to the environment and residents’ health. But with sustainable MSW management, MSW can be applied as an important renewable energy. In order to achieve sustainable MSW management, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of MSW generation. Consumption patterns differ in various regions of China, which make the influencing factors of MSW have unique characteristics. To explore the factors influencing MSW generation in China, this study builds a global model based on the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces. Considering regional heterogeneity, provinces are clustered into three groups according to economic and consumption indicators. Each group has its own local model of MSW generation. The results show that household expenditure on housing and the tertiary industry proportion show opposite impacting directions in high-level and low-level provinces. Finally, with the combination of the grey model (1,1) (GM(1,1)) and multiple linear regression (MLR), we find that developing provinces will generate more MSW than developed regions. According to this, different provinces should control MSW by optimizing consumption pattern and efficient fiscal expenditure, and developing provinces should pay attention to MSW management and learn from the experience of developed provinces.

Environmental Impact Assessment of Odours from Solid Waste Landfills Located in Highly Urbanized Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1749-1751
Author(s):  
Andrei Vasile ◽  
Valeriu Danciulescu ◽  
Tanase Gheorghita ◽  
Lidia Kim ◽  
Violeta Dediu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Odour Concentration ◽  
High Level ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Olfactometry

Urbanization and the rise in the standard of living generated both a higher quantity of waste and the expansion of cities with the incorporation of solid waste landfills located originally outside. In many cities across Romania, landfills are placed very close to settlements, and in some cases even inside cities. Beside landfill activities, other companies that deal with waste sorting, recycling and treatment operates nearby. All these activities generate odorous compounds that create odour nuisance. The current study was conducted in order to evaluate the impact of a landfill located in a highly urbanized area using dynamic olfactometry with the main objective to assess the level of odour concentration and the impact on the population. Samples were taken around the landfill always from a point opposite to the wind direction. Also, in parallel with odour sampling it was determined the concentration of two main chemical specific compounds, NH3 and H2S, in order to verify the compliance with environmental legislation, and the level of VOC to establish a correlation with the odour level. Measurement results indicate a high level of odour concentration in most of the samples, a good correlation with VOC and frequent exceeded values for the specific chemical compounds. Annoyance level was also high and it was evaluated using FIDOL factors, which are Frequency, Intensity, Duration, Offensiveness and Location.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of bioinsecticides against the caterpillars of Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) on the Southern Coast of the Crimea

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Plugatar ◽  
A. K. Sharmagy ◽  
V. A. Shishkin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Biological Effectiveness

Boxwood moth Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) is a serious threat to plants of the genus Buxus in all agroclimatic regions of the Crimea. The use of bioinsecticides is one of the environmentally safe and effective methods of reducing the number of phytophages. The use of preparations of Lepidocidae Bitoxibacillin in three standards of application provided high biological effectiveness against boxwood moths caterpillars of all ages. For older caterpillars on the fifth day, the biological effectiveness of Lepidocidae Bitoxibacillin in all standards of use was 100%. Fitoverm proved to be more effective against young and middle-aged caterpillars. On the fifth day after treatment with Fitoverm, biological efficiency for young caterpillars was 98,8%, and for middle-aged caterpillars - from 94,4 to 96,8%.

scholarly journals Coastal Inundation Adaptive Strategy in Semarang Coastal Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
Ifan Ridlo Suhelmi ◽  
Hariyanto Triwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
River Flooding ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Capacity Index ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spatial Plan

Semarang Coastal has a high level of vulnerability to inundation, river flooding and tidal flooding. To solve the problems, a region has an adaptive capacity to the phenomena encountered. The aims of study to map the level of vulnerability and adaptive capacity of the region in facing the phenomenon and provide an alternative strategy in facing the impact of inundation in coastal areas. Based on capacity index and vulnerability index in 2015, most urban villages are located in quadrant 3 (58 villages), in quadrant 1 (36 villages) and quadrant 4 (5 villages). the results showed that most of villages located at coastal areas had a high vulnerability with low adaptive capacity. Considering spatial planning (RTRW) for 2030, population density changes, Semarang City Facility health facilities Plan in 2030, and the open areas as defined in the Semarang 2011-2030 spatial plan (RTRW) a major shift towards the quadrant 2 was observed, suggesting an increased capacity to encountered inundation susceptibility.

ПРАГМАТИЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ НАТИВНОЇ РЕКЛАМИ: ФОРМИ, ТРЕНДИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ НАТИВНОГО КОНТЕНТУ В СОЦІАЛЬНІЙ МЕРЕЖІ FACEBOOK ЩОДО БРЕНДА ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ ЗНУ)

2020 ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
V. Kovpak ◽  
N. Trotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
The Social ◽  
National University ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

<div><p><em>The article analyzes the peculiarities of the format of native advertising in the media space, its pragmatic potential (in particular, on the example of native content in the social network Facebook by the brand of the journalism department of ZNU), highlights the types and trends of native advertising. The following research methods were used to achieve the purpose of intelligence: descriptive (content content, including various examples), comparative (content presentation options) and typological (types, trends of native advertising, in particular, cross-media as an opportunity to submit content in different formats (video, audio, photos, text, infographics, etc.)), content analysis method using Internet services (using Popsters service). And the native code for analytics was the page of the journalism department of Zaporizhzhya National University on the social network Facebook. After all, the brand of the journalism department of Zaporozhye National University in 2019 celebrates its 15th anniversary. The brand vector is its value component and professional training with balanced distribution of theoretical and practical blocks (seven practices), student-centered (democratic interaction and high-level teacher-student dialogue) and integration into Ukrainian and world educational process (participation in grant programs).</em></p></div><p><em>And advertising on social networks is also a kind of native content, which does not appear in special blocks, and is organically inscribed on one page or another and unobtrusively offers, just remembering the product as if «to the word». Popsters service functionality, which evaluates an account (or linked accounts of one person) for 35 parameters, but the main three areas: reach or influence, or how many users evaluate, comment on the recording; true reach – the number of people affected; network score – an assessment of the audience’s response to the impact, or how far the network information diverges (how many share information on this page).</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> nativeness, native advertising, branded content, special project, communication strategy.</em></p>

THE IMPACT OF UKRAINE'S EXCISE DUTY POLICY ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE TOBACCO MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Nadiia NOVYTSKA ◽  
◽  
Inna KHLIEBNIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transformation Processes

The market of tobacco products in Ukraine is one of the most dynamic and competitive. It develops under the influence of certain factors that cause structural changes, therefore, the aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of transformation processes in the market of tobacco and their alternatives in Ukraine and identify the factors that cause them. The high level of tax burden and the proliferation of alternative products with a potentially lower risk to human health, including heating tobacco products and e-cigarettes, are key factors in the market’s transformation process. Their presence leads to an increase in illicit turnover of tobacco products, which accounts for 6.37% of the market, and the gradual replacement of cigarettes with alternative products, which account for 12.95%. The presence on the market of products that are not taxed or taxed at lower rates is one of the reasons for the reduction of excise duty revenues. According to the results of 2019, the planned indicators of revenues were not met by 23.5%. Other reasons for non-fulfillment of excise duty revenues include: declining dynamics of the tobacco products market; reduction in the number of smokers; reorientation of «cheap whites» cigarette flows from Ukraine to neighboring countries; tax avoidance. Prospects for further research are identified, namely the need to develop measures for state regulation and optimization of excise duty taxation of tobacco products and their alternatives, taking into account the risks to public health and increasing demand of illegal products.

Role of Credit Rating in determining Capital structure: Evidence from Non-Financial sector of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ali ◽  
Imran Yousaf ◽  
Muhammad Naveed
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Capital Structure

This paper aims to examine the impact of external credit ratings on the financial decisions of the firms in Pakistan.  This study uses the annual data of 70 non-financial firms for the period 2012-2018. It uses ordinary least square (OLS) to estimate the impact of credit rating on capital structure. The results show that rated firm has a high level of leverage. Moreover, Profitability and tanagability are also found to be a significantly negative determinant of the capital structure, whereas, size of the firm has a significant positive relationship with the capital structure of the firm.  Besides, there exists a non-linear relationship between the credit rating and the capital structure. The rated firms have higher leverage as compared to the non-rated firms. The high and low rated firms have a low level of leverage, while mid rated firms have a higher leverage ratio. The finding of the study have practical implications for the manager; they can have easier access to the financial market by just having a credit rating no matter high or low. Policymakers must stress upon the rating agencies to keep improving themselves as their rating severs as the measure to judge the creditworthiness of the firm by both the investors and management as well.

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