THE IMPACT OF UKRAINE'S EXCISE DUTY POLICY ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE TOBACCO MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Nadiia NOVYTSKA ◽  
◽  
Inna KHLIEBNIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transformation Processes

The market of tobacco products in Ukraine is one of the most dynamic and competitive. It develops under the influence of certain factors that cause structural changes, therefore, the aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of transformation processes in the market of tobacco and their alternatives in Ukraine and identify the factors that cause them. The high level of tax burden and the proliferation of alternative products with a potentially lower risk to human health, including heating tobacco products and e-cigarettes, are key factors in the market’s transformation process. Their presence leads to an increase in illicit turnover of tobacco products, which accounts for 6.37% of the market, and the gradual replacement of cigarettes with alternative products, which account for 12.95%. The presence on the market of products that are not taxed or taxed at lower rates is one of the reasons for the reduction of excise duty revenues. According to the results of 2019, the planned indicators of revenues were not met by 23.5%. Other reasons for non-fulfillment of excise duty revenues include: declining dynamics of the tobacco products market; reduction in the number of smokers; reorientation of «cheap whites» cigarette flows from Ukraine to neighboring countries; tax avoidance. Prospects for further research are identified, namely the need to develop measures for state regulation and optimization of excise duty taxation of tobacco products and their alternatives, taking into account the risks to public health and increasing demand of illegal products.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATIONAL TRENDS AND INNOVATIVE FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WHOLESALE AND RETAIL SECTORS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
E. A. Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses important features of trends in the transformation of the wholesale and retail level of the Russian medicinal market in the context of innovative factors in the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Russia. The paper gives a general assessment of the impact of state regulation of the maximum selling prices for medicines from the list of vital and essential medicines on the profitability of the market. The author presents a simplified institutional scheme of interaction between distributors and other market participants. The study discusses important aspects and tactical steps of the distribution and pharmacy level of the Russian pharmaceutical market. The article gives the ratings of the leading distribution pharmaceutical companies in Russia and analyses the peculiarities of their structural changes under the influence of innovative development factors. The paper gives ratings of leading pharmacy chains and analyses the features of new structural formations – associations. The author proposes the term of “polarization” for wholesale and retail companies.

scholarly journals Development of the impact investing ecosystem in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Bukharina ◽  
Oksana Onyshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Impact Investing ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The impact investing ecosystem is currently in its infancy in Ukraine. The aim of the paper is to identify the problems of impact investing development in Ukraine and to propose the ways to develop the ecosystem of social investment in the country. In the course of the research, general scientific methods of analysis were used: formal, logical, and comparative. Results of the research suggest that theory and practice of state regulation in Ukraine still lack the conceptualized mechanisms of impact investing and the corresponding institutional environment. On the other hand, there is a high level of interest and engagement in it from both the public and potential and current investors. The data obtained prove the importance of civil society cooperation in creating a favorable ecosystem of impact investing to maximize its integration into the economy. The development of impact investing ecosystem in Ukraine depends on certain socio-economic and legal barriers at an initial stage such as: low level of public understanding about the problem, absence of clear legal regulation and uncertainty of the “rules of the game” at the legislative level, openness and publicity of enterprises, which is not a characteristic feature of the economic environment in the country today. Furthermore, effective directions and mechanisms for development of the impact investing ecosystem are proposed.

Impact of structural changes in product sales on the profitability of production of agricultural enterprises in the region (on the example of the Altai Krai)

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
S.P. Vorobyov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Vorobyova ◽  
A.S. Savchenko ◽  
I.G. Mosina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Product Sales ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
The Impact

Studies were conducted to determine the impact of structural factors on the profitability of agricultural production in the Altai Krai. It was revealed that the largest amplitude of structural fluctuations per unit of specific weight of production was observed for the products of sheep, beet, beekeeping, pig breeding. The decrease in the size of production in sheep farming is associated with the liquidation of unprofitable activities, in pig farming – with the bankruptcy of credited pig complexes. The influence of structural and qualitative indicators on the profitability of agricultural enterprises in the whole region and its natural and economic zones is shown. The directions of formation of the mechanism of balanced (proportional) development of agriculture related to the need to improve state regulation of agricultural development, the mechanism of adaptation of commodity producers to changes in external conditions are summarized.

scholarly journals New Towns’ Planning and Construction in the Pre-Urbanization or Post-Urbanization Period: A Case Study of the New Towns’ Development Process of Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Cai ◽  
Bruno De Meulder ◽  
Yanliu Lin ◽  
Hong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
New Towns ◽  
History Of ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transformation Processes

Social background and planning objectives differentiate two kinds of development modes for new towns. One starts in the period of post-urbanization and post-industrialization and is committed to improving living conditions and dispersing urban central areas. The other begins in the stage of pre-urbanization and pre-industrialization with the purpose of promoting the development of urbanization and industrialization. However, academics have not given enough attention to researching the relationship between the different modes and their respective social backgrounds. This paper first proposes these two kinds of development modes and analyses how their different social contexts and institutional backgrounds lead to different planning and construction characteristics. Then, taking Beijing as an example, this paper presents a complete review of the development and transformation history of the planning and construction of China’s new towns with different urbanization levels and in an institutional context. The whole history and transformation process can be considered a demonstration and evolution of the two different development modes. Accordingly, by analyzing the respective characteristics and transformation processes in different periods, this study reveals the impact of social background on the new towns’ development and the problems caused by different development modes.

scholarly journals Basic principles of financial markets regulation and legal aspects of the legislative requirements

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-349
Author(s):  
Borys Yazlyuk ◽  
Anatoliy Guley ◽  
Ruslan Brukhanskyi ◽  
Hanna Shovkoplias ◽  
Tetiana Shvydka
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Financial services market (FSM) is one of the effective mechanisms for ensuring the competitiveness of the country’s economy. It is precisely because of its ability to direct investment flows into the most attractive segments of the economy, and the FSM development can contribute to economic growth. Accordingly, today it is important to strengthen the financial services market in Ukraine. For this purpose, it is necessary to study the current state, identify problems and determine the main directions of its development in a timely manner.The article investigates the financial services market in Ukraine, which is unstable, characterized by a significant outflow of financial resources, and underdeveloped financial intermediaries. FSM deterioration was also influenced by factors such as: financial crisis, sharp exchange rate fluctuations, military conflict, decline of the country’s economy, etc. Negative consequences of the events in the country were reflected even in a quite developed banking system. The focus is on the lack of financial culture in society, which is due to low deposit activity, high level of non-repayment of loans, lack of confidence in the new tools, and the introduction of new products in the financial services market. However, the development of the country as a whole is impossible without a strong financial services market.It is noted that one of the important conditions for the FSM development and the effectiveness of macroeconomic tasks entrusted to it is the formation of an effective mechanism of the financial market state regulation. Such a mechanism should include both elements of state regulation and self-regulation of the financial services market. Accordingly, the formation of indicators aimed at assessing the impact of state regulation on the development of the financial services market becomes relevant.The article examines the implementation of state regulation in financial services markets, analyzes the activity of the FSM state regulation in Ukraine and the control function effectiveness, considers the dynamics of the main indicators of the financial services markets development in Ukraine, and analyzes the level of financial services markets development.

Formation of principles of innovative development management in the context of globalization and digital transformation processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Janusz Soboń ◽  
Stepanov Alexander Annarovich Annarovich ◽  
Savina Margarita Vitalievna
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Development Management ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Innovation Processes

The article deals with theoretical and methodological issues of improving innovation development management systems. Special attention is paid to the impact of scientific and technological progress on the transformation of patterns and principles of justification of effective innovation solutions in the paradigm of digitalization, digital transformation and globalization. It is substantiated and proved that digitalization and digital transformation have predetermined the need to take into account such new patterns of innovation processes development as turbulence, delocalization, desynchronization, temporality, humanization, high level of corporate culture in the process of innovation activities.

Evolution of economic cycles and determination of structural changes in the national economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Ihor Nazarkevych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Structural Reform ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
High Level

The role of state structural regulation of the national economy in the conditions of the high volatility of economic cycles is substantiated. The key parameters of the system of state regulation of the economy in terms of permanent structural transformation and cyclical national economy are defined as the following: efficiency, balance of interests of all participants in economic relations, socialization and greening of economic processes. The evolution of basic theories of cyclical economic development is studied, and their main features in terms of factor influence on cyclicity and structural transformations in the system of the national economy are determined. The scientific and methodological approach to determining the content of structural changes in the national economy is determined as a transition from one paradigm of development and economic growth to another paradigm more adequate to the global challenges and domestic demands faced by society. The author's definitions of the structural-economic conceptual-categorical apparatus that reflects the transformation processes in the cyclical economy are suggested, in particular: the structure of the national economy (structural basis); structural changes (transformation, shifts); structural policy; structural reform (restructuring); structural crisis. The cyclical development of the economy is characterized, which is often accompanied by such undesirable parameters as discreteness, uncertainty, chaos, which affects economic growth and resilience of the national economy to recession shocks. Timely structural reform is determined to be the only vector to prevent it, including ensuring the availability of developed domestic markets, high competitiveness of domestic companies in global markets, high level of solvency of domestic consumers and efficient structure of the national economy. These factors will help reduce the level of negative effects arising from market fluctuations.

Methodical Approach to Assessing the Impact of Investment Activities on Import Substitution in Machine-Building Product Markets

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Владимир Борисов ◽  
Vladimir Borisov ◽  
Ольга Почукаева ◽  
Olga Pochukaeva
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Building Product ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Engineering Industries

The design of methods helping to assess the impact of investments and innovations on the development of manufacture and the growth of competitiveness in the engineering industries aims at establishing a system of criteria and tools used in forecasting and analytics of the impact from the innovative technological development of machine building on the performance of the real sector of the Russian economy. The developed toolkit helps to quantitatively estimate the development of machine-building commodity markets and anticipate structural changes depending on the effectiveness of investment activity. To measure import substitution in the growing market, the authors offer an indicator quantifying the increasing demand in the domestic market due to the increased output of domestic machinery products taking into account the export trends. This indicator helps to measure competitiveness as the outcome of investment and innovation effectiveness in the engineering industries. Thus, if the increasing demand in the growing market beats out the production growth figures and spurs an increase in the share of imported equipment in the domestic market, this indicates limited production capacities of domestic businesses, poor and uncompetitive manufacturing capacities. If, in the growing market, both indicators show an upward trend, it means that domestic enterprises possess technologies for increased output with technical and operational specifications meeting the global standards.

scholarly journals Thought Space Wānanga—A Kaupapa Māori Decolonizing Approach to Research Translation

Genealogy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Linda Smith ◽  
Leonie Pihama ◽  
Ngaropi Cameron ◽  
Tania Mataki ◽  
Hinewirangi Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Development ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Common Term ◽  
Kaupapa Māori ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This paper discusses an indigenous Māori approach, named Thought Space Wānanga, for sharing knowledge and accelerating the translation of research into practical outcomes through transformational practices, policies, and theory development. In contexts such as New Zealand, there is an increasing demand on all publicly funded researchers to demonstrate the impact of their research and to show pathways for achieving social and economic outcomes from single, focused projects. Knowledge translation is the most common term used to describe the link between research and impact and the process of turning research into results. While it is highly debatable whether planning for this at the front end of research will necessarily lead to such high-level outcomes being achieved, many indigenous researchers aim for their research to be translated into real world positive outcomes for indigenous communities. Thought Space Wānanga is a facilitated process framed within Māori cultural protocols, designed to help indigenous Māori researchers meet that aspiration.

scholarly journals A communication and participation-oriented model proposal for current urban transformation processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-429
Author(s):  
Miray Gür
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transformation Processes

Research Problem: Urban transformation planning policies, which have been the focus during the last decade in Turkey, have begun to progress with renewal of risky areas with the introduction of Law No. 6306. While it was stated that increasing the quality of life and social rehabilitation of area residents were targeted in transformations where neighborhoods are transformed into urban land, in fact, resident expectations were not met and the residents, who experienced dissatisfaction in the transformed environments that were not suitable for their lifestyles, left these areas or continued their lives in despair due to economic reasons. Ignorance of resident expectations in transformation process reduces their quality of life and only through participation the residents, who are the actors that experience the impact of transformation the most, could express their preferred lifestyle. Aim: The present study aimed to propose a participatory transformation model in transforming the current transformation framework into a user-oriented approach. Method: In the development of the model, the participation scenarios / strategies were integrated into the break points in the process defined in Law No. 6306 which underlines the current urban transformation dynamics. Findings: Each experience that different transformation processes which the proposed model could be applied based on its own dynamics would create new structuring processes that would contribute to the model. Based on the model, it was aimed to establish continuous communication and information flow between users, architects, authorities and other stakeholders, to increase socio-physical satisfaction of the residents since the residence and residential environment would be built based on resident demands and to sustain the sense of belonging and satisfaction of the residents with the preferences. Conclusion: The process based on the proposals that were determined with participation principle and continuous communication between all stakeholders and especially the architect and residents would establish the foundation for not only to secure risky buildings, but also for socially and economically sustainable urban transformation projects that would provide added value to the city and improve the quality of life of urban residents.

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