Different Treatment Protocols of Retained Fetal Membranes and its Effect on Serum Profile, Uterine Involution and Postpartum Fertility in Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Shah ◽  
D. M. Patel ◽  
N. P. Sarvaiya ◽  
S. P. Madhira
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Group V ◽  
Manual Removal ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Group I ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Postpartum Estrus

This study was undertaken on 36 freshly calved cows randomly divided into 6 equal groups under field conditions. Cows of group-VI that shed placenta within 8-12 hours postpartum naturally served as healthy control. The cows with retained fetal membranes (RFM, n = 18) for more than 12 hrs were managed either by manual removal of placenta without antibiotics (group-I), parenteral antibiotic (Ceftiofur 1 g i/m) for three consecutive days (group-II) or a combination of both (group-III). In group-IV and group-V, cows were administered with Inj. Oxytocin @ 50 IU i/m and Inj. Dinoprost tromethamine (PGF2α) @ 25 mg i/m, respectively, immediately after parturition and time of placental shedding was recorded. The overall prevalence of Brucellosis by RBPT was found to be 5.55 % amongst these 36 animals. The placental expulsion in groups following medicinal treatment was found to be 50 (3/6) % in Ceftiofur alone by 3 days (group-II), and 66.67 (4/6) % in Oxytocin (group-IV) and 100 (6/6) % in PGF2α inj. (group-V) groups within 12 hrs. The time of uterine involution in groups I to VI was found to be 42.00 ± 1.94, 39.50 ± 0.99, 40.67 ± 1.39, 38.33 ± 1.55, 37.50 ± 1.02 and 37.33 ± 1.76 days, respectively, while the interval for the appearance of first postpartum estrus was 54.83 ± 2.06, 51.00 ± 1.05, 52.17 ± 1.96, 50.17 ± 2.03, 48.67 ± 1.90 and 49.17 ± 1.55 days, respectively, which did not vary statistically. The mean serum progesterone profile obtained on day 0 and day 21 postpartum was statistically non-significant between groups. However, it was significantly (p less than 0.05) lower on day 0 as compared to day 21 in group-I, II and VI. The levels on day 0 coincided with the time of blood sampling after calving. The high level of serum P4 on day 0 in group-IV and V could be due to sampling immediately after calving. The serum calcium and phosphorus levels were significantly(p less than 0.05) lower on day 0 than on day 21, but not the magnesium. The group effect was however non-significant for any of three minerals. It was observed that manual removal of RFM without parenteral antibiotics, resulted in puerperal metritis, cervicitis, pyometra which ultimately resulted into delayed uterine involution, delayed first postpartum estrus and thus, reduced the postpartum reproductive efficiency. It was inferred that the PGF2α and Oxytocin injections could be used as a treatment of choice for prevention of RFMs in cattle.

Effect of amino acid infusion on renal hemodynamics in humans: a dose-response study

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. F703-F708 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giordano ◽  
P. Castellino ◽  
E. L. McConnell ◽  
R. A. DeFronzo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Renal Hemodynamics ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Amino Acid Infusion ◽  
Group I ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Group Ii

We evaluated the dose-response relationship between the plasma amino acid (AA) concentration and renal hemodynamics in eight normal subjects. After an overnight fast, a balanced 10% AA solution was infused for 180 min at five separate infusion rates: 0.5 (group I), 1.0 (group II), 2.0 (group III), 4.0 (group IV), and 6.0 (group V) ml.kg-1.min-1 on separate days. Basal plasma AA concentration was 1.87 +/- 0.1 mmol/l and increased to 2.26 +/- 0.1 (group I), 2.66 +/- 0.2 (group II), 3.79 +/- 0.5 (group III), 5.81 +/- 0.4 (group IV), and 7.41 +/- 0.4 mmol/l (group V). Basal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) averaged 95 +/- 4 and 476 +/- 29 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1, respectively, and rose to 98 +/- 5 and 506 +/- 40 (group I) [P = not significant (NS)], 102 +/- 3 and 533 +/- 30 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 110 +/- 4 and 567 +/- 29 (group III), 115 +/- 7 and 610 +/- 55 (group IV), and 117 +/- 7 and 614 +/- 66 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1 (group V) (P = NS vs. group IV). Basal plasma glucagon concentration averaged 68 +/- 10 pg/ml and increased to 74 +/- 10 (group I), 83 +/- 11 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 100 +/- 14 (group III), 121 +/- 14 (group IV), and 229 +/- 35 pg/ml (group V) (P < 0.01 vs. basal). Increases in plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin levels were observed only during groups IV and V.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Estimation of vitamin C human protective dose for acetaminophen toxicity, using acute animal toxicity study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudhaffar I. Al-Farras ◽  
Khalid K. Abdul-Razzak ◽  
Mohammed Yacoub ◽  
Wael M. Hananeh
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Liver Histopathology ◽  
Toxic Damage ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Acetaminophen (APAP) is the main cause of fulminant hepatic failure. Vitamin C is a natural antioxidant with protective potentials against APAP toxic damage. In this animal study, and after an LD50 determination and selection of suitable lethal dose, the investigation was done to select a proper protective dose of vitamin C against lethal APAP dose. All 6 animal groups received a lethal dose of APAP (3250 mg/kg), group II, III and IV received 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg vitamin C respectively, group V received 1200 mg/kg N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), and group VI receive 1000 mg/kg vitamin C and 1200 mg/kg NAC. Mortality was recorded and liver histopathology was carried out. The results showed, the mortality rate in the group I was 68.75% and 37.5%, 31.25% in group II and III respectively, while group IV Showed a higher mortality rate and in group V and VI it was 25%. There was also a gradual reduction in the grade of histopathological damage in all groups, ranging from 2.4 ± 0.55 in group I to 0.4 ± 0.55 in group V and VI. In conclusion, vitamin C showed an increasing reduction in mortality and more histopathological protection, and it was more significant at 1000 mg/kg. NAC adds no more protection or reduction in mortality. The estimated protective dose of vitamin C was 700 to1127 mg for each gram of APAP. Incorporation of this dose of vitamin C with APAP preparations may be considered as a promising method for reducing mortality or severity of APAP intoxication.

scholarly journals Effect of Wild Chamomile Extracts on the Complex of Economic Benefits of Rabbit Meat

2019 ◽  
pp. 643-651
Author(s):  
Roman Voroshilin ◽  
Sergey Rassolov ◽  
Elena Ul'rih ◽  
Marina Kurbanova
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Rabbit Meat ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Wild Chamomile

Introduction. Nutrition has a great effect on the quality of life and longevity. Modern food industry pays much attention to the issue of obtaining high-quality and safe livestock products grown without feed antibiotics. The research objective was to study the effect of chamomile extract on a complex of economically useful traits of young rabbits and the qualitative characteristics of meat, as well as to determine the optimal dosage of chamomile extract. Study objects and methods. The experimental research was carried out on the animal farm of the Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy in 2018. Five experimental groups and one control group of young Californian rabbits were formed according to the principle of analogue pairs. Each group included 10 rabbits. From 70-day age, the animals of the experimental group I were supplemented with a phytobiotic feed additive based on wild chamomile extract at a dose of 0.5 g per rabbit per day. In experimental group II, each rabbit received 1 g per day; in experimental group III, it was 1.5 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group IV – 2.0 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group V – 2.5 g per head per day. The experiment lasted 30 days. Results and discussion. The best result was achieved in experimental group II. In the experimental groups, the rabbits demonstrated an increase in hemoglobin. The use of phytobiotic feed additives in the diet did not cause any pathological changes in internal organs. The average live weight at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, was higher: experimental group I – by 0.82%, experimental group II – by 6.96%, experimental group III – by 5.01%, experimental group IV – by 3.73%, experimental group V – by 2.80% (P ˃ 0.01). An analysis of the chemical composition of rabbit meat after the experiment showed that the water content in the rabbit meat ranged from 76 to 77%, which suggests high water-holding properties. The high dietary qualities of the rabbit meat depended on the content of protein (20–22 wt%) and the low fat content (5–7%). These data make it possible to promote rabbit meat for dietary products. Conclusion. According to the slaughter indicators and the phytobiotic feed additives parameters of meat, the optimal dose of phytobiotic feed additives is 1 g per head per day.

scholarly journals An in vitro comparative Evaluation of Fracture Strength of Roots Instrumentated with Self-adjusting File and Reciproc Reciprocating File, with and without Obturation

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Pooja Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of roots instrumented with the self-adjusting file (SAF; ReDent-Nova, Ra'anana, Israel) and the Reciproc reciprocating file and that were and were not obturated using the warm vertical lateral compaction technique. Materials and methods In total, 75 mandibular premolar teeth were sectioned at or below the cementoenamel junction to obtain roots 13 mm in length. The roots were balanced with respect to buccolingual and mesiodistal diameters and weight. They were distributed into four experimental groups and one control group (n = 15): No instrumentation (group I), instrumentation with SAF files but no obturation (group II), instrumentation with SAF files and obturated with warm vertical lateral compaction (group III), instrumentation with Reciproc File but no obturation (group IV), and instrumentation with Reciproc File and obturated with warm vertical lateral compaction (group V). AH Plus sealer (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) was used along with gutta-percha points. One week later, a vertical load was applied to the specimen's canal until fracture occurred. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (p = 0.05). Results The mean fracture load was 312.83 N for group I, 297.35 N for group II, 359.15 N for group III, 231.51 N for group IV, and 275.81 N for group V. Conclusion The fracture resistances exhibited a statistically significant difference between all the groups. Teeth instrumented by SAF exhibited a better fracture resistance. How to cite this article Tyagi S, Choudhary E, Kabra P, Chauhan R. An in vitro comparative Evaluation of Fracture Strength of Roots Instrumentated with Self-adjusting File and Reciproc Reciprocating File, with and without Obturation. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):20-25.

scholarly journals Comparing the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of propofol injection pain in adults: a prospective randomized double-blind trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuqin Zhu ◽  
Songlin Jia ◽  
Yajun Xu ◽  
Zhirong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background Propofol injection pain (PIP) is common and may decrease patient comfort. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of PIP. Methods 235 patients, who scheduled for elective surgery, aged 18-80 years and ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I or II, were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 47 each). All patients were induced through the dor­sal hand vein or antecubital vein. The five groups were given the following medication intravenously: saline (Group I), lidocaine 20 mg (Group II), lidocaine 40 mg (Group III), dezocine 2 mg (Group IV) and dezocine 4 mg (Group V). Twenty seconds later all patients received a propofol infusion and were asked to grade pain or discomfort in the hand or forearm according to a four-point scale until anesthesia. Results Three groups showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group I: Group III (OR (Odds ratio): 0.39 (0.16, 0.93)); Group IV (OR: 0.21 (0.09, 0.51)) and Group V (OR: 0.12 (0.05, 0.30)). Group IV showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.32 (0.13, 0.77)). Group V showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.15 (0.06, 0.39)) or Group III (OR: 0.30 (0.13, 0.72)). Conclusion Dezocine is a novel agent to alleviate PIP and appears to be more effective than lidocaine.

scholarly journals Comparing the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of propofol injection pain in adults: a prospective randomized double-blind trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuqin Zhu ◽  
Songlin Jia ◽  
Yajun Xu ◽  
Zhirong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background Propofol injection pain (PIP) is common and may decrease patient comfort. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of PIP.Methods 235 patients, who scheduled for elective surgery, aged 18–80 years and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I or II, were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 47 each). All patients were induced through the dor­sal hand vein or antecubital vein. The five groups were given the following medication intravenously: saline (Group I), lidocaine 20 mg (Group II), lidocaine 40 mg (Group III), dezocine 2 mg (Group IV) and dezocine 4 mg (Group V). Twenty seconds later all patients received a propofol infusion and were asked to grade pain or discomfort in the hand or forearm according to a four-point scale until anesthesia.Results Three groups showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group I: Group III (OR [Odds ratio]: 0.39 (0.16, 0.93)); Group IV (OR: 0.21 (0.09, 0.51)) and Group V (OR: 0.12 (0.05, 0.30)). Group IV showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.32 (0.13, 0.77)). Group V showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.15 (0.06, 0.39)) or Group III (OR: 0.30 (0.13, 0.72)).Conclusion Dezocine is a novel agent to alleviate PIP and appears to some extent to be more effective than lidocaine.

scholarly journals Microshear bond strength evaluation of surface pretreated zirconia ceramics bonded to dentin

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenbagakuttalam Anand ◽  
Ambrose Vedamanickam Rajesh Ebenezar ◽  
Nirupa Anand ◽  
Kothandaraman Rajkumar ◽  
Sekar Mahalaxmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Zirconia Ceramics ◽  
Group V ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT Objectives: To comparatively assess the micro shear bond strength (MSBS) of dentin bonded surface pre-treated zirconia ceramics. Materials and Methods: Zirconia blocks were sectioned into 50 cubical blocks. The blocks were further categorized into five groups (n = 10 each). Group I: No treatment was performed on zirconia samples; Group II: The zirconia samples were sand-blasted; Group III: Group II + etched with 9.8% of hydrofluoric (HF) acid for 60 s; Group IV: The sandblasted zirconia samples were selectively infiltrated with low fusing porcelain; and Group V: Group IV + etched using 9.8% HF acid gel. The zirconia specimens were then bonded to dentin samples, and the samples were tested for MSBS evaluation using universal testing machine. Results: The MSBS of all the four experimental groups shows greater value than group I. Among the experimental groups, group V and group IV do not show any statistical significant difference, whereas the mean MSBS of groups IV and V were statistically greater than group III and group II. However, groups I, II, and III do not show any statistical significant difference in mean MSBS values between them. Conclusion: Selective infiltration etching of zirconia ceramics provides the highest bond strength with resin cement.

Repeated infection of cats with Brugia pahangi: parasitological observations

Parasitology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Denham ◽  
F. Medeiros ◽  
C. Baldwin ◽  
H. Kumar ◽  
I. C. T. Midwinter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
First Year ◽  
Brugia Pahangi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Short Time

Cats were repeatedly inoculated with infective larvae of Brugia pahangi. On parasitological grounds they could be divided into 5 groups. Group I – most cats (some 70%) became microfilaraemic (mf+) and retained high levels of microfilariae (mf) in their blood for over 2 years. In some Group I cats mf counts stabilized at high levels whilst in others mf counts continued to increase. Large numbers of fecund adult worms were recovered from their lymphatics. Adult counts were not made on the cats in the current experiments but over 100 adults have been recovered from ‘super-susceptible’ cats. Large amounts of B. pahangi adult antigen were consistently present in the serum of all Group I cats. About 30% of cats became amicrofilaraemic (mf–). In these cats the peak mf levels were seldom above 10000 mf/ml. Group II – these cats had less than 10 000 mf/ml and low antigen levels. After more than 1 year of being repeatedly infected B. pahangi adult antigen slowly declined and eventually could no longer be detected in their serum and the number of mf declined very slowly after the fall in antigen levels. This shows that in Group II cats the adult worms die and as the cats are resistant to the development of the continuing weekly inoculation of L3 no new adults can develop. Group III – these cats became mf – during the first year of infection but remained B. pahangi antigen-positive for many weeks after this and, at autopsy, had living adults in their lymphatics. Group IV – in these cats there was a sudden decline in the number of mf, usually in the first year and after they have received a relatively small number of re-infections. Circulating adult B. pahangi antigen disappeared from the serum within a short time of the loss of mf and at autopsy no adult female worms were found. Group V – these cats do not become mf+ when infected. These groups are compared to the parasitological groups seen in areas endemic for infection with Wuchereria bancrofti.

Effects of forskolin and rolipram on serum leptin, resistin and adiponectin levels in diet induced obesity in Wistar rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
İdris Mehmetoğlu ◽  
Sibel Döşeyici ◽  
Sevil Kurban ◽  
Erkan Taşyürek
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Group V ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Camp Levels

AbstractObjective: Forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase and rolipram a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4, stimulate lipolysis and inhibit body weight increase by increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of them on leptin, resistin and adiponectin levels in diet induced obesity in rats.Methods: Totally 50 rats were randomly divided into five groups. The Group I was fed with standard pellet diet and the other groups were fed with high-fat diet for 10 weeks. During the last two weeks of the study, group II continued to fed with high-fat diet whereas group III, group IV and group V were administered forskolin, rolipram and forskolin plus rolipram respectively by orogastric tube in addition to their high-fat diet. Then, rats were sacrificed and serum leptin, resistin and adiponectin levels were measured.Results: Although adiponectin levels of group II (p<0.001 for adiponectin, p<0.01 for leptin), group III (p<0.01), group V (p<0.05) were significantly decreased, leptin levels were significantly increased compared to that of the group I. Also, leptin levels of group IV were significantly reduced compared to those of group II (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between resistin levels of the groups.Conclusion: Our results showed that rolipram prevented any alteration in the levels of leptin and adiponectin in addition to its effect on cAMP levels. However, forskolin and rolipram showed no effect on resistin levels of the groups. The underlying mechanism of these findings is not known and needs to be more investigated.

scholarly journals Quality of Live Improvement Antituberculosis Consumer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Jumasni Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Ii

Antituberculosis is the most liver damage causes. Rifampicin and Isoniazide, in combination, are toxic compounds. Isoniazide and rifampicin metabolits causes lipid peroxidation. The hepatoprotective effect of rosella calyx water extract on liver damage induced with Isoniazide-rifampicin evaluated by examination of malondialdehid levels in the liver organ. 25 male wistar rats divided into 5 groups, ie group I (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 250 mg/kgBW), group II (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 125 mg/kgBW), group III (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 62.5 mg/kgBW),  group IV (healthy control) and group V (Isoniazide-rifampicin). MDA liver levels were analyzed after 35 days of treatments. The test results of each group are, group I has mean MDA levels 0.023912 + 0.011 mg/ml, group II 0.023526 + 0.009 mg/ml, group III 0.027168 + 0.007 mg/ml group IV 0.03437 + 0.009 mg/ml and group V 0.236846 + 0.118 mg/ml. The kruskal-wallis test showed significantly value 0.008 (p 0.05) and Post hoc Mann U whitney test showed that group V was significantly different to group I, II, III, and IV (p = 0.008) respectively, roselle extract can be used as a hepatoprotector antioxidant to improve the tuberculosis drug consumer quality of life through improved health by lowering lipid peroxidation that causes liver damage.

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