Death Anxiety and Coping Mechanism of Chinese Cancer Patients

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Y. Ho ◽  
Wesely C. T. Shiu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense Style ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Chinese Cancer Patients ◽  
Passive Aggression ◽  
Very High

The present study investigated the relationship between death anxiety and defense mechanisms of Chinese cancer patients. The Chinese versions of the Bond's Defense Style Questionnaire and the Templer's Death Anxiety Questionnaire were administered to thirty cancer patients. Another thirty hand-injured patients were also chosen as control. The results showed that significantly more cancer patients had either very high or very low death anxiety levels as compared to the control group. Two immature defenses, viz. Autistic Fantasy and Passive Aggression, were more prominent among cancer patients with very high or very low death anxiety levels. These findings support the dual effect of death anxiety on patients with life-threatening illness.

Women Addiction (Alcohol and Opiates) and Defense Mechanism Style

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Raketic ◽  
M. Kovacevic ◽  
T. Djuric
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense Style ◽  
Defense Style Questionnaire ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Opiate Addicts

Very few researches concerning women addictions are done up to day. This paper tries to define basic similarities and differences in defense mechanisms used by women alcohol and opiate addicts.Method:Sample of alcohol and opiate female addicts (30 patients in each group) plus control group (30 women) with no psychiatric diagnosis were questioned with Defense Style Questionnaire - DSQ 40 (Andrews, Singh, Bond, 1993).Results:There were found no statistically relevant differences between two experimental and one control group concerning mature defense mechanism use. Significant differences were found in neurotic and immature defense mechanism use: alcohol addicts use prevalently neurotic mechanisms and immature mechanisms prevail among opiate addicts.Conclusions:In our research mostly used neurotic defense mechanisms by alcohol addicts were: pseudoaltruism, idealization, and undoing. The mostly used immature defense mechanisms among opiate addicts were: phantasy, isolation, devaluation, denial and splitting.

scholarly journals A Comparison between Personality Traits and Defense Styles in Teenagers with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder and Normal Individuals

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Zamani ◽  
Mojtaba Habibi ◽  
Nasrin Zamani ◽  
Nina Jamshidnejad ◽  
Mani B. Monajemi
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Defense Style ◽  
Defense Styles ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The current study aims to compare the defense mechanisms and personality traits among teenagers with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and normal individuals. Materials and Methods: Incurrent casual-comparative study, 220 teenagers with an average age of 16.74±6.08 and age range of 13-17 were randomly selected from among high school students, who were diagnosed with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder in fall 2014 and 220 other peers with matching demographic characteristics were selected as the control group. Both groups were asked to fill Eysenckpersonality questionnaire and Andrews’ Defense Style Questionnaire. Data was analyzed via multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The average scores of teenagers with ARFID was higher than the control group regarding immature and neurotic defense style, neuroticism and extraversion; with respect to mature defense style variable average scores of teenagers with ARFID was lower comparing to control group. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between personality traits and defence styles of teenagers with ARFID and normal teenagers.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Classical Music Therapy On The Anxiety Of Cervical Cancer Patients With Brachytherapy In The Radiation Oncology Service Unit Of Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Nurhalimah Nurhalimah
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Service Unit ◽  
Oncology Service ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Cervical cancer is ranked seventh in the world which causes death in women from all types of cancer, while the percentage in Indonesia is estimated at 12.7% of all types of cancer. One of the therapies performed on cervical cancer patients is ionizing radiation or Brachytherapy. This action often causes anxiety with varying degrees depending on the condition and the patient's ability to manage it. This study aims to determine the effect of classical music therapy on anxiety in cervical cancer patients undergoing Brachytherapy in the radiation oncology service unit of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta. This research design is Quasi Experimental, with type one group pre test and post test design with out control group. The study population was all cervical cancer patients who underwent Brachytherapy with a total sample of 42 respondents. The results showed that classical music therapy was able to reduce anxiety levels by 11.62% with a p-value of 0.000 from moderate to mild anxiety, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of classical music therapy on reducing anxiety levels in cervical cancer patients undergoing Brachytherapy. Keywords:, classical music, anxiety, cervical cancer, brachytherapy

scholarly journals Personality, Defense Mechanisms and Psychological Distress in Women with Fibromyalgia

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Annunziata Romeo ◽  
Agata Benfante ◽  
Giuliano Carlo Geminiani ◽  
Lorys Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense Style ◽  
Defense Styles ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders

Background: Previous studies have shown that many personality traits are associated with fibromyalgia (FM), worsening both the quality of life and psychological distress of patients. Despite the high comorbidity of psychopathological disorders in this syndrome and their association with immature defense styles, few studies have examined the defense mechanisms used by FM patients. The main aim of our study was to investigate personality traits and defense mechanisms in FM patients compared to in a healthy control group (HC). Moreover, we investigated the effect of personality traits and defense mechanisms on psychological distress in both FM and HC groups. Methods: A total of 54 women with FM and 54 healthy women completed the (1) Temperament and Character Inventory—Revised; (2) the Toronto Alexithymia Scale; (3) the Defense Style Questionnaire; and (4) the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: The results indicated that FM patients display higher alexithymia, higher harm avoidance, lower self-directedness, lower persistence, and the higher use of a maladaptive defense style compared to HC. We found that alexithymia, harm avoidance, and maladaptive defense style are significant predictors of patients’ psychological distress. Moreover, harm avoidance and adaptive defense style significantly predicted psychological distress in the HC group. Conclusion: The present study is the first to explore the contribution of both defense mechanisms and personality characteristics on the psychological distress of FM patients. Our findings have important clinical implications and may help diagnose and treat FM patients more in depth.

The Effect of Logotherapy on Death Anxity, Pain Catastrophizing, Pain Acceptance, and Pain Intensity in Patients With Prostate Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Haghdoost ◽  
◽  
Naser Saraj Khoami ◽  
Behnam Makvandi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Acceptance ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of logotherapy on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Subjects and Methods : The research design was an experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. At first, 40 hospitalized men in a treatment center were selected by using the purposive sampling method. The experimental group was treated for eight 45-minute sessions by training logotherapy. All subjects completed the questionnaire at the beginning of the study, immediately after the intervention, and one month after the treatment (one-month follow-up). For data analysis, 1-way analysis of variance was used. Results The results indicated that logotherapy in the experimental group was more effective than the control group in reducing death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. The follow-up results also showed that the effect of logotherapy was sustained on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Conclusion The results showed that Logotherapy has an effect on death anxiety, pain catastrophe, pain acceptance and pain intensity in patients with prostate cancer

scholarly journals Defense Mechanisms in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Their Relationship with Symptom Severity and Quality of Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Saeed ◽  
Mansour Salehi ◽  
Kaveh Alavi ◽  
Hossein Ajdarkosh ◽  
Fatemeh Kashaninasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Passive Aggression

BACKGROUND Despite the fact that there is theoretical evidence about the association between unconscious defense mechanisms and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), experimental evidence in this regard is limited. The aim of the present study was to compare the defense mechanisms used by the patients with IBS and a control group, and to investigate the relationship between these mechanisms with the severity of the disease and patients’ quality of life. METHODS Fourty-five patients with IBS (mean age of 37.1 years; 14 males) and 45 controls (mean age of 38.0 years; 13 males) were evaluated. IBS diagnosis was determined based on Rome III criteria and the predominant pattern of the disease was determined based on the patient’s history (13 diarrheapredominant, 16 constipation-predominant, and 16 alternating IBS). Defense Style Questionnaire-40, IBS Severity Scale, and IBS-Quality of Life questionnaire were used. RESULTS The mean scores of projection, acting-out, somatization, autistic fantasy, passive-aggression, and reaction formation in the IBS group were significantly higher than the control group and the mean scores of humor and anticipation mechanisms were higher in the control group. There was no significant correlation between the score of defense mechanisms and the severity of IBS and the patients’ quality of life. CONCLUSION The severity of immature defenses in the IBS group was significantly higher, whereas the severity of mature defenses was higher in the control group. These defenses were not correlated with the severity of IBS. Considering the limited sample size, these relationships need to be more investigated.

scholarly journals Eficácia da técnica de relaxamento com imagem guiada em pacientes oncológicos submetidos a tratamento quimioterápico

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 25701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Adriana Facco Lufiego ◽  
Rodolfo Herberto Schneider ◽  
Ângelo José Gonçalves Bós
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Guided Imagery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Relaxation Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of guided imagery relaxation in decreasing depression and anxiety levels in cancer patients submitted to chemotherapy.Methods: A nonrandomized clinical trial was performed in male and female patients aged 30 years or older submitted to chemotherapy at a university hospital in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The patients were divided into an Experimental Group, which received the intervention (relaxation technique), and into a Control Group, which did not receive it. Twelve-minute guided imagery relaxation sessions were performed for 14 weeks, always during the chemotherapy procedure. In order to evaluate depression and anxiety levels, the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied at baseline and at the end of the study period. The data were analyzed by the EpiInfo7.0 statistical software using Student’s t, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, and Pearson’s chi-square tests. Statistical significance was obtained when p <0.05.Results: A total of 113 participants with a mean age of 51.3 years, among whom 62.8% were female and 72.6% were married, were included in the study. Breast, lung, and intestinal cancers were the most prevalent types of neoplasms. Fifty-seven patients were assigned to the Experimental Group and 56 to the Control Group. There was a decrease in depression and anxiety levels in the Experimental Group, in which depression scores ranged from 17.3±9.04 to 14.5±7.47 (p <0.0001) and anxiety scores ranged from 15.1±8.84 to 12.9±7.58 (p <0.0001). No significant difference was observed in the Control Group between the baseline and final evaluations.Conclusions: The guided imagery relaxation technique was efficacious in reducing depression and anxiety levels in this sample of chemotherapy-treated cancer patients.

TERAPI MUSIK DAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PASIEN PREOPERASI

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wenny Savitri ◽  
Nani Fidayanti ◽  
Paulus Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Background: Surgery is one of medical interventions which can cause fear, anxiety, and stressed because of its effects toward the integrity of body and soul. Nurses have significant roles in any preoperative care which is helping patients to decrease preoperative anxiety by using complementary therapy. The use of music therapy as one of the complementary therapies is not common in Indonesia. Therefore, scientific studies to prove the role of this therapy to decrease the level of anxiety of pre-operative patients is needed. Objective: To investigate the effects of music therapy in reducing anxiety levels of preoperative patients. Methods: A quasy experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group was applied to 50 respondents from medical ward in Panembahan Senopati Hospital of Yogyakarta who met the inclusion criteria.Dara were then analyzed by using t-test statistical analysis. Results: The control group showed the increased value of anxiety level of0.8 without music intervention (t= - 1503, df = 24, p<.05), whereas the intervention group showed the decreased value of anxiety level of -5.52 (t=5.081, df=24, p<.05). Meanwhile the independent t-test results for both groups showed a significant difference between group (t= 3,373, df=48, p<.05). Conclusion: Music therapy has significant effect in reducing preoperative anxiety levels of patients. Keywords: anxiety, preoperative, music therapy

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