Materialism and the Future of Aging in America

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Almeder
Keyword(s):  
Colonial America ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Social Attitude ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Ethical Attitudes ◽  
Philosophical View ◽  
Future Success ◽  
The Future ◽  
Attitudes Toward Aging

In Growing Old in America, David Fischer argues that colonial America witnessed a sudden and revolutionary shift in social attitude from gerontophilia to gerontophobia. It is argued here that the shift can be explained as the necessary result of an emerging materialism which came to dominate mercantile America. It is shown how philosophical materialism requires an attitude of denigration toward aging and the elderly, and that the future of our collective attitude toward the elderly is wedded philosophically to the future success or failure of philosophical materialism. It is also suggested that the future of materialism in America looks dim and that there will emerge a strong philosophical base adequate for reforming ethical attitudes and engendering a much more favorable attitude toward the elderly in general. It is suggested that positive or negative attitudes toward aging and the elderly are rooted in unconscious commitments to non-materialistic (dualistic) or materialistic views on the nature of man. The two basically different views on the nature of man beget the two basically different views and attitudes toward aging and the elderly. Which attitude is right is a function of which philosophical view is correct and the paper closes with some evidence that materialism is on the wane.

Applications of Nanotechnology for Textile Products: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Nemailal Tarafder
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Future Success ◽  
The Future ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Textile Products

The fundamentals of nanotechnology lie in the fact that the properties of materials drastically change when their dimensions are reduced to nanometer scale. Nanotextiles can be produced by a variety of methods. The use of nanotechnology in the textile industry has increased rapidly due to its unique and valuable properties. Changed or improved properties with nanotechnology can provide new or enhanced functionalities. Nanotechnology is a growing interdisciplinary technology and seen as a new industrial revolution. The future success of nanotechnology in textile applications lies in the areas where new principles will be combined into durable and multi-functional textile systems without compromising the inherent properties. The advances in nanotechnology have created enormous opportunities and challenges for the textile industry, including the cotton industry.

Predicting Ghanaian farmers’ intention to sustain the supply of quality cocoa beans

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
William Quarmine
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Sphere Of Influence ◽  
Intention To Continue ◽  
Social Referents

This article discusses the predictors of Ghanaian cocoa producers’ intention to continue adopting a recommended cocoa beanfermentation technology in the future. The analyses is carried out within the framework of the theory of planned behaviour.Three hundred and twenty-one cocoa producers were interviewed. Consistent with literature, attitudes, subjective norms andpast behaviour were significant predictors of fermentation intentions. Positive attitude relate to beliefs about ease of use oftechnologies and existence of non-financial rewards. Negative attitudes relate to lack of direct financial rewards. PurchasingClerks, Chief Farmers and society at large were found to be the salient social referents who shape producers’ fermentationintentions. Recommendations included improving implementation of current producer incentive regimes, promoting trust betweenproducers and purchasing clerks and strengthening producer association to increase the sphere of influence of the Chief Farmers.

CREATING THE SITUATION OF SUCCESS IN THE HUMAN SCIENCES – A PREREQUISITE FOR THE HUMANIZATION OF EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Ayta Sakun ◽  
Tatiana Kadlubovich ◽  
Darina Chernyak
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Cognitive Motivation ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual

The problem of success became relevant at the beginning of the XXI century. Everyone strives to succeed, to be confident in themselves and in the future. Success is recognized as one of the needs of the individual. Reforming modern education is designed to make it human-centered, effective, close to the practical needs of the learner. The humanization of education is impossible without creating situations of success in learning. Such situations activate a person's cognitive motivation, reveal his creative potential, make a person strong and confident. To create situations of success, teachers use a variety of methods and tools that enhance the cognitive activity of students.

Determining preference for potential: The role of perceived economic mobility

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yang ◽  
Shaochen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Economic Mobility ◽  
Individual Perceptions ◽  
Future Success ◽  
The Future

Although previous researchers have demonstrated that people often prefer potential rather than achievement when evaluating other people or products, few have focused on the boundary conditions on this effect. We proposed that the preference for potential would emerge when individuals’ perception of economic mobility was high, but the preference for achievement would emerge among individuals with low perceptions of economic mobility. Our results showed that people paid more attention to the future (vs. the present) when their perception of economic mobility was high; this, in turn, promoted more favorable reactions toward potential (vs. achievement). Thus, we suggested circumstances under which highlighting a person’s potential for future success is effective and those when it is not effective. Moreover, we revealed the important role of individual perceptions regarding economic mobility in driving this effect.

Searching for Something Positive in Future Negative: The Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory–Time Attitudes Scale

2020 ◽  
pp. 016327872098559
Author(s):  
Michael T. McKay ◽  
Frank C. Worrell ◽  
Jon C. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Error Term ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Time Attitudes ◽  
Correlated Error ◽  
The Future ◽  
Adolescent Sample ◽  
Secondary Analyses

The Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory–Time Attitudes Scale (AATI-TA) measures emotional engagement with the past, present, and future, and scores have been shown to relate meaningfully to health outcomes. For past, present, and future, five items are used to assess both positive and negative attitudes. Although evidence for the hypothesized six-factor solution has been widely reported, some studies have indicated problems with the Future Negative items. Given that a large and growing literature has emerged on the six-factor AATI-TA, and that AATI-TA scores have shown much better and more consistent fit than other temporal psychology measures, we sought to investigate the future negative factor in detail. Secondary analyses were performed on two datasets. The first was a University convenience sample ( N = 410) and the second was an adolescent sample ( N = 1,612). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the fit for the five Future Negative items was poor. Modification indices suggested that a correlated error term between Items 4 and 10 would result in good fit, and this was indeed the case. Models without Item 4 or Item 10 also yielded acceptable fit. Analyses using all four operationalizations of Future Negative (original scale, without Item 4 or Item 10, or with the correlated error between Items 4 and 10) to predict symptoms of anxiety and depression, and emotional self-efficacy revealed minor differences in the predictive validity coefficients. Potential ways forward, including a correlated error term or the dropping or replacement of Item 10, are discussed.

scholarly journals Risk factors and mechanisms of stroke in young adults: The FUTURE study

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1631-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayte E van Alebeek ◽  
Renate M Arntz ◽  
Merel S Ekker ◽  
Nathalie E Synhaeve ◽  
Noortje AMM Maaijwee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Future Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Young Stroke ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future

Incidence of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults is rising. However, etiology remains unknown in 30–40% of these patients when current classification systems designed for the elderly are used. Our aim was to identify risk factors according to a pediatric approach, which might lead to both better identification of risk factors and provide a stepping stone for the understanding of disease mechanism, particularly in patients currently classified as “unknown etiology”. Risk factors of 656 young stroke patients (aged 18–50) of the FUTURE study were categorized according to the “International Pediatric Stroke Study” (IPSS), with stratification on gender, age and stroke of “unknown etiology”. Categorization of risk factors into ≥1 IPSS category was possible in 94% of young stroke patients. Chronic systemic conditions were more present in patients aged <35 compared to patients ≥35 (32.6% vs. 15.6%, p < 0.05). Among 226 patients classified as “stroke of unknown etiology” using TOAST, we found risk factors in 199 patients (88%) with the IPSS approach. We identified multiple risk factors linked to other mechanisms of stroke in the young than in the elderly . This can be a valuable starting point to develop an etiologic classification system specifically designed for young stroke patients.

scholarly journals Future of Sustainable Management of Energy Companies in Terms of Attitudes and Preferences of the Younger Generation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3207
Author(s):  
Arnold Pabian ◽  
Katarzyna Bilińska-Reformat ◽  
Barbara Pabian
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Social Attitude ◽  
Future Activity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Energy Companies ◽  
High Degree

The future of the energy sector depends on the younger generation. The paper presents the results of the study, the aim of which was to determine to what extent younger generation is pro-ecological and pro-social, and whether they will include pro-ecological and pro-social activities in the management of energy companies. It is especially important to implement sustainable management in the energy sector. The study found that only 33.9% of young people are highly pro-ecological and 28.6% highly pro-social. As many as 83.0% of the younger generation show low and medium interest in environmental protection. Declarations of young people concerning high degree of inclusion of pro-ecological and pro-social activities in management are at the level of 49.9% and 58.1%. However, in many cases, these intentions do not coincide with the high pro-ecological and pro-social attitude of young people. This means that their future activity for sustainable management may be low. According to the survey, the younger generation to a large extent is not prepared to continue efforts for sustainable development in the future in the energy companies.

scholarly journals The Social Robot in Rehabilitation and Assistance: What is the Future?

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Daniele Giansanti
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Social Robot ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Collaborative Robotics ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

This commentary aims to address the field of social robots both in terms of the global situation and research perspectives. It has four polarities. First, it revisits the evolutions in robotics, which, starting from collaborative robotics, has led to the diffusion of social robots. Second, it illustrates the main fields in the employment of social robots in rehabilitation and assistance in the elderly and handicapped and in further emerging sectors. Third, it takes a look at the future directions of the research development both in terms of clinical and technological aspects. Fourth, it discusses the opportunities and limits, starting from the development and clinical use of social robots during the COVID-19 pandemic to the increase of ethical discussion on their use.

scholarly journals Semantic and cultural equivalence of the Intergenerational Exchanges Attitude Scale (IEAS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta dos Santos Tarallo ◽  
Anita Liberalesso Neri ◽  
Meire Cachioni
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Intergenerational Exchanges ◽  
Intergenerational Activities ◽  
Intergenerational Cooperation

Abstract Introduction: Understanding the multidimensionality of attitudes originating from exchanges between different generations is fundamental for the establishment of intergenerational cooperation and the reduction of stereotypes and prejudices. Objective: To obtain the semantic and cultural equivalence of the Intergenerational Exchanges Attitude Scale (IEAS). Method: Two translators translated the scale from English into Portuguese. A third translator synthesized these two translations. The synthesized version was back-translated into English. From the observations of the initial and back translations, a semantic version of the scale was consolidated, which was applied to 32 professionals who developed intergenerational activities (elderly/children) and activities directed at elderly persons only. Following application, a version of the scale that was culturally adapted for the Portuguese language was obtained. Results: The scale was alterered due to cultural refinement, with differences in the following items: 4) around and near; 6) overprotective and highly protective; 8) be around and to want to get close to; 11) earn and obtain; 13) have warm relationships and to relate affectionately; 17) affection and fondness; 18) form a good team and are good companions; 20) feel sick and get irritated. The responses used are evaluative statements of positive or negative attitudes about the exchanges that take place between children and the elderly, based on a Likert scale of just five points. Conclusion: The Intergenerational Exchanges Attitude Scale (IEAS) has been adapted and validated for the Brazilian population and is known as the "Escala de Atitudes em relação a Trocas Intergeracionais" (Scale of Attitudes in Relation to Intergenerational Exchanges) (EATI). It can be a useful tool for programs featuring activities involving children and the elderly, as well as for professionals working and developing strategies in this field.

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