Foreign Aid and its Role in Maintaining the Exploitation of the Agricultural Sector: Evidence from a Case Study in Africa

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Schuftan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sizable Proportion ◽  
Using Data ◽  
State Of Affairs

Today most foreign aid donors are genuinely committed to the idea that development in Third World countries should start with rural development. Therefore, a sizable proportion of their development funds are invested in rural projects. However, donors channel these funds through local governments (most often representing local bourgeois interests) that are not as committed to the principle of rural development. These governments are often also embarked in policies that are actually—directly or indirectly—expropriating the surpluses generated by agriculture and investing them in the other sectors of the economy. The peasants are therefore footing most of the bill of overall national development. This paper contends that, because of this state of affairs, foreign aid directed toward rural development is actually filling the investment gap left by an internal system of unequal returns to production in agriculture. In so doing, foreign aid is indirectly financing the development of the other sectors of the economy, even if this result is unintended. This perpetrates maldevelopment without redressing the basic exploitation process of peasants which lies at the core of underdevelopment. Evidence to support this hypothesis is presented using data from a primarily agricultural exporting country: the United Republic of Cameroon.

The use of performance information in local government mergers

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Kenk ◽  
Toomas Haldma
Keyword(s):  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Eastern European Country ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Using Data

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study more deeply the use of performance information (PI) in the context of the administrative-territorial reform, e.g. amalgamation in the local governments (LG) with an example of Estonian LGs. Design/methodology/approach The case study method is adopted, using data from publicly available documents and interviews with the politicians and officials at the five merger cases of Estonian LG units. The data are interpreted and analysed using attribution theory. Findings The results show that amalgamation patterns do have an influence on PI use – in particular, the authors see that PI is reported to be used more frequently in cases of voluntary mergers, which may be related to the different motivations to make attributions in cases of voluntary and compulsory mergers. Originality/value The study contributes to the debate on the importance and usefulness of different types of PI, as financial as well as non-financial information and for different information users in the light of LG reform in Estonia as being a Central and Eastern European country.

scholarly journals Financial Autonomy as an Aid to Rural Development: A Study of Isoko North Local Government Area of Delta State

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Egware O.N. ◽  
Akporien O.F. ◽  
Otuya S.
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Financial Autonomy ◽  
Effective Administration

Lack of financial autonomy and undue interference by state governments have been identified as some of the impediments to effective administration of local governments in Nigeria. To this end, this study was carried out to examine the effect of financial autonomy on rural development using Isoko North Local Government Area as a case study. The study adopted a survey research design; hence, data were collected through the use of questionnaires administered to the management and staff of selected departments in Isoko North Local Government Council. The findings of the study indicate that financial autonomy will contribute positively to rural development and service delivery in the area of study, and recommends that local governments should be made financially autonomous to promote rural development and enhance better service delivery.

Asian Interpretations of Philippians 2:5–11

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
Rakesh Peter-Dass
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Economic Justice ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Religious Imagination ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
State Of Affairs

Interpretations of Philippians 2 have a conspicuous place in the theological imagination of Asian Christians. This is a paradoxical state of affairs. The biblical pericope is kenotic in content, but its function in Asia has been to assert liberation. Asian scholarship on the passage has generated a variety of goals: economic justice, social equality, interfaith relations, and national development. The choice of the passage as a catch-all anchor is not an accident. Its kenotic content constitutes the very ground used by marginal voices to theologize for influence. As a result, a study of theological interpretations of Philippians 2 in Asia reveals the particular goals of Asian theologies and constitutes a case study on the religious imagination of Christians in Asia.

Conceptual Framework For Revival Strategy Of A Sick Company - A Case Study

Paradigm ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Anil K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
External Context ◽  
To Come ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Internal Context ◽  
Working Out

While working out revival strategy for a sick company, close scrutiny of internal as well as external context could help in a significant manner. Internal context may be viewed in relation to strengths and weaknesses of the organisation whereas, external context will explain the opportunities and threats provided by the environment. Under internal context, besides many other things calculation of Break-Even Point can help in devising the required strategy. BEP may indicate whether sales improvement or cost reduction strategy will help the company to come out of the present state of affairs. Broadly, keeping this in view, the present study has been conducted by reviewing a sick multi-product pharmaceuticals Indian Public Sector Company named as Bengal Immunity Limited. Further, what may be the other things required to bring the company back on wheels have also been considered and suggested.

scholarly journals MODEL PENGELOLAAN WAKAF PRODUKTIF SEKTOR PERTANIAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI (STUDI KASUS PIMPINAN RANTING MUHAMMADIYAH PENATARSEWU SIDOARJO)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Inayah Rahman ◽  
Tika Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to create a model for productive management of waqf in the agricultural sector in the Penatarsewu Muhammadiyah Branch Management (PRM) and analyze its impact in improving the welfare of farmers based on indicators of maqashid syariah. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. The subjects of this study were the management of the Penatarsewu PRM board of waqf councilors and sharecroppers. Data is collected by conducting interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Triangulation technique by cross-checking the findings of primary and secondary data is used to determine the validity of the data. Research is limited to rice field endowments or the agricultural sector. The results showed that the productive waqf management model of Penatarsewu PRM uses a mukhabarah agreement with a profit-sharing system of 60:40. The results have an impact on improving the welfare of farmers based on the indicator maqashid syariah. Judging from al-maqashidul khams, the most successful are Hifdhud Din, Hifdhul Aql, and Hifdhun Nasl. However, the Penatarsewu PRM is expected to be able to direct the results of waqf to productive goals, such as the formation of an entrepreneurial spirit.Keywords: Productive Waqf, Mukhabarah, Maqashid Syariah, PRM

scholarly journals A Case Study of Ethno Village in Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina

ECONOMICS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Andrej Raspor ◽  
Petra Kleindienst ◽  
Kildi Tjaša Peršič ◽  
Zoran Mastilo ◽  
Draginja Borojević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

AbstractBackground: The world tourism industry is subject to big changes. A number of tourists traveling steadily grows, resulting in turnover and income. The destinations, that tourists are attracted, to are numerous, and there are also newcomers who arrive to a certain destination for the first time. Nowadays, even some very distant places are on the travellers’ bucket lists. What is more, tourists are looking for authenticity, in terms of which the concept of ethno village proves to be such an example.Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how this kind of tourism is regulated in Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The emphasis will be on the study of specific ethno villages.Methods: Regarding the article, desk analysis will be done. The data were gathered from the world web, from the World Tourism Organisation’s data and from the data gathered from Slovenian and Bosnian national statistical office as well. The Excel was used for the analyses. Two examples of an ethno village are also described.Results: The ethno village as a part of rural tourism offers great opportunities for new work posts but capacities should be used to a greater extent and the problem of seasonality should also be overcome. All the key aims of rural development must be defined by the following strategy: the development of sustainable and efficient agricultural sector, the living standard of the population who lives from agriculture, creation of social and economic conditions in the rural regions; all of it within the National strategy of the rural development.Conclusions: Tourism industry is being developing as a part of modern touristic migration. There are more and more visitors coming overseas or coming from more remote places. They stay for a short period of time and they have different expectations as before.

scholarly journals Mapalus dalam Pembangunan Kesehatan Masyarakat Minahasa di Sulawesi Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 023
Author(s):  
Jeini Ester Nelwan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Mutual Cooperation

Backgroud: Mapalus is one of the socio-cultural values in the Minahasa community. Other existing socio-cultural values such as Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou and Torang Samua Basudara. Mapalus is an embodiment of philosophy Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou. The purpose of this research was to describing the implementation of Mapalus in public health. Method: This research was a qualitative research. Model of this research was a case study. Result: The result of this research was showed that the implementation of Mapalus has been change from traditional models (mutual cooperation and assistance) to modern models. Conclusion: Mapalus has grown from the agricultural sector to the other sectors like social, economic, government, and health.

scholarly journals Education Expenditure in Aceh Local Governments An Empirical Evidence from Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-343
Author(s):  
Aulia Afridzal ◽  
Syukriy Abdullah ◽  
Hasnawati Hasnawati ◽  
Dara Fazella
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Budget Balance ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Revenue Growth ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to examine the effect of Local Financial Independence, Last Year Budget Balance, LGs Size, and Local Revenue Growth on Education Expenditure by using data from districts and cities in Aceh for 2011-2015. The results of the study show that the Local Financial Independence and the Previous Budget Fund have a negative effect on the Education Expenditure, while the other two variables have no effect.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Performance of Transporting Soybeans from Mato Grosso for Export: A Case Study of the Tapajós-Teles Pires Waterway

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6124
Author(s):  
Breno Tostes de Gomes Garcia ◽  
Diana Mery Messias Lopes ◽  
Ilton Curty Leal Junior ◽  
José Carlos Cesar Amorim ◽  
Marcelino Aurélio Vieira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Competitive Disadvantage ◽  
Using Data

The inefficiency of Brazil’s logistics system to handle the outflow of farm products impairs the sector’s performance. From the economic perspective, the high freight rates put the country’s agricultural sector at a competitive disadvantage in the global market. Besides this, the reliance on highway transport causes problems of an environmental (high CO 2 emissions) and social nature (large occurrence of accidents). As an alternative to this dependence, Brazil has an extensive network of actually and potentially navigable rivers that could serve as a key element to improve the performance of the agricultural sector. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the possible influence of the Tapajós-Teles Pires Waterway on the sustainable performance of 19 Brazilian soybean export routes, using data envelopment analysis (DEA). Of these, only three would use the Tapajós-Teles Pires Waterway, which is not yet in operation. The origins of the routes are four soybean-producing centers located in Mato Grosso, the Brazilian state that produces the most soybeans, destined for 12 seaports. The inputs considered are Accident Cost and CO2 Emissions, while the output is Cargo Carried per US$. For this, we use the DEA-VRS (Variable Return Scale) input-oriented model. The results obtained from the DEA model revealed satisfactory performance of the routes using the Tapajós-Teles Pires Waterway from three of the four production centers. In Campo Novo do Parecis, some 16% (471 km) of the route is composed of highways and the rest of the waterway (84%, 1576 km). In Sorriso, only 3% (85 km) of the route consists of highways, while waterway transport is responsible for 97% (2388 km), and in Querência, 24.55% of the route to the Port of Barcarena consists of highways. The use of these routes and the combination of the two transport modes presented the best efficiency indexes, making development of the waterway a key element to improve the outflow of soybeans for export. The results of this study may help Brazilian authorities to define public policies and apply resources to improve the deficiencies of the transportation system, which can lead to a better balance of the Brazilian transportation matrix.

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