The Influence of Spirituality on Substance Use of College Students

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Stewart
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: The issue of substance use and the problems resulting from that use has become a major concern in the United States. The past decade has seen several new trends in substance use by college students and an increase in the effort to try and determine factors that may ameliorate the problem. Spirituality is one possible factor that may have some role in the phenomenon. Some research has been conducted on the relationship of spirituality to substance use but the results are mostly descriptive and concerned with religiosity rather than spirituality. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between a student's spiritual and religious beliefs and the impact of those beliefs on the decision to use substances. Method: A sample of 337 university students was surveyed using the CORE Alcohol and Drug Survey and several supplemental questions. Results: In general, spirituality had a moderate buffering effect upon the decision to use alcohol and marijuana. This general protective effect exists for both alcohol use and binge drinking but dissipated as the students reached upper-class levels. Conclusion: Spirituality may play a significant role in the decision of college students to use substances. Further research should focus on this important factor. Also, implementation of spiritual aspects into university prevention and treatment programs may help boost efficacy rates.

Fire, people and ecosystem change in Pleistocene Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Since the 1960s, Australian scientists have speculated on the impact of human arrival on fire regimes in Australia, and on the relationship of landscape fire to extinction of the Pleistocene megafauna of Australia. These speculations have produced a series of contrasting hypotheses that can now be tested using evidence collected over the past two decades. In the present paper, I summarise those hypotheses and review that evidence. The main conclusions of this are that (1) the effects of people on fire regimes in the Pleistocene were modest at the continental scale, and difficult to distinguish from climatic controls on fire, (2) the arrival of people triggered extinction of Australia’s megafauna, but fire had little or no role in the extinction of those animals, which was probably due primarily to hunting and (3) megafaunal extinction is likely to have caused a cascade of changes that included increased fire, but only in some environments. We do not yet understand what environmental factors controlled the strength and nature of cascading effects of megafaunal extinction. This is an important topic for future research.

The Political Theory Implicit in Social Casework Theory

1953 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Keith-Lucas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Government Function ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The political theory implicit in social casework theory can be defined, for purposes of this discussion, as the theory of the relationship between man and society on which professional social casework is consciously predicated, or that theory of the relationship which is logically implied by social casework practice. This theory is not often consciously articulated and we must look for it, therefore, in those presuppositions underlying casework theory which are frequently accepted uncritically, if not wholly unconsciously. This practice obviously cannot be carried on without basic (although perhaps not entirely conscious) presuppositions about what man is like and consequently about what society can or ought to do for him.The presuppositions underlying social casework theory, although important in any context, have acquired a new significance to the extent that social casework has increasingly become a government function. During the past twenty years literally millions of people in the United States have been brought into a new relationship with officials of their local, state, and national governments—namely, the relationship of client and social caseworker.

scholarly journals Some Evidence on Pecuniary Economies of Size for Farm Firms

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard V. Tew ◽  
Stan Spurlock ◽  
Wesley N. Musser ◽  
Bill R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economies Of Size ◽  
Marketing Firms ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Economies of size for farm firms in the United States are a traditional interest of agricultural economists (Heady). Continued interest in this topic is related to the implication of economies of size for the size structure of farm firms. The structure issue has the potential to affect not only current farm firms but also agricultural marketing firms, rural communities, and consumers of agricultural commodities (Krause and Kyle). In the past, the relationship between economies of size and farm firm growth was the basis for research. More recently, the relationship of economies of size to public policy issues has gained attention (Bardnam, Hall and LeVeen, Seckler and Young).

Literature and Politics: The Case of Ezra Pound Reconsidered

Prospects ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 463-482
Author(s):  
Robert A. Corrigan
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Ezra Pound ◽  
Literature And Politics ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

March 23, 1976, marked the sixty-eighth anniversary of one of literary history's most remarkable but least celebrated events—the invasion of Europe by Ezra Pound. That imaginative, excitable, and extremely talented Young Turk who stormed the gates of literary London in 1909, died in Italy in November, 1972, a calm, withdrawn, old man, living out the butt end of his life in a self-imposed vow of public silence. But if the poet's voice was stilled at last, his public's was not; fittingly enough, Pound left the literary world as he had entered it, in a swirl of bitter controversy and angry debate precipitated by the decision of the prestigeous American Academy of Arts and Sciences to deny him its coveted Emerson-Thoreau Medal. No one can say for sure whether Pound desired the prize. Many times in the past such honors seemed to have mattered greatly, but often they had been more desperately sought for him by members of that protective coterie of friends and relatives who clustered about in his Italian retreat. It is the relationship of Pound to these associates, the impact of his turbulent career upon his family and friends, and the effects of their well-meaning, if misdirected, efforts on his behalf, that need charting here; there is little need for yet another intricate route through that much surveyed ideomatic jungle he called hisCantos.

Progressive Politics: Wisconsin an Example

1940 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 920-935
Author(s):  
Harold F. Gosnell ◽  
Morris H. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
The United States ◽  
North Central ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electoral Vote ◽  
The North ◽  
La Follette ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

An examination of the relationship of the Democratic percentages in the various states to the Democratic percentage for the nation as a whole during the past forty years shows that several general patterns are discernible. In the north central and northwestern parts of the United States, one of these patterns may be clearly defined. When the country swings in one direction, the states in this region swing with it, but more strongly than the country as a whole. During the twenties, these states were more decidedly Republican than the nation, but during the thirties they became more strongly Democratic. This tendency to shift from one extreme to another is related to the progressive background of these states of which Wisconsin is typical. “Wisconsin,” “La Follette,” “progressive”—for decades these three terms have been almost indissolubly linked in the minds of politically aware observers of the American scene.While Wisconsin has followed the Republican standard in presidential elections almost without exception from 1870 to 1932, it has shown progressive leanings. In 1912, Robert La Follette, Sr's. sulking greatly cut down the Progressive vote, but it was still large enough to split the normal Republican strength and throw the electoral vote to Wilson, and in 1924 the state went overwhelmingly for its own favorite son.

The Impact of Type D Personality Traits on the Career Readiness of College Students With and Without Disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Jenna A. Reid Yates ◽  
Alex W. K. Wong ◽  
David R. Strauser ◽  
Susann J. Heft Sears
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Career Readiness ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Type D ◽  
College Students With Disabilities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The primary purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship of Type D personality and perceived career readiness in a group of college students with and without disabilities. The findings of the study revealed no significant differences in levels of career readiness and Type D personality across disability groups. Results also revealed that Type D traits did have a significant relationship with career readiness variables, and that this relationship is particularly significant for college students with disabilities. Results also indicated that for individuals with disabilities, both Type D traits (negative affect and social inhibition) have an effect on different dimensions of career readiness. Implications of the results are discussed within the context of rehabilitation counselors and professionals. Future directions for research are also offered.

The Association of Co-Occurring Substance Use and the Effectiveness of Opiate Treatment Programs by Intervention Type: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney T Blondino ◽  
Mirinda Ann Gormley ◽  
Da Shaunda D H Taylor ◽  
Elizabeth Lowery ◽  
James S Clifford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Retention ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opiate Treatment

Abstract This systematic review describes the influence of co-occurring substance use on the effectiveness of opiate treatment programs. MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched from database inception to November 28, 2018 to identify eligible opioid treatment studies in the United States that assessed the relationship between co-occurring substance use and treatment outcome (i.e., opioid abstinence and treatment retention). A total of 34 eligible studies were included. Overall, co-occurring substance use was associated with negative treatment outcomes regardless of intervention type. However, patterns varied by substance and intervention type. In particular, co-occurring use of cocaine or marijuana with opioids was associated with reduced treatment retention and opioid abstinence regardless of intervention type. Co-occurring use of amphetamines, compared to no use or reduced use of amphetamines, decreased treatment retention. Co-occurring use of alcohol was both positively and negatively associated with treatment outcomes. One study reported a significant positive association between sedative use and opioid abstinence. Generally, findings suggest that combined interventions reported better health outcomes compared to pharmacological or behavioral intervention studies alone. The findings of this review emphasize the need to comprehensively study and address co-occurring substance use to improve opiate treatment programs.

scholarly journals Immersed with Grit: Probing the Mindset of Future Hospitality Professionals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1331-1341
Author(s):  
Ashika Miriam Tharakan , Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Hospitality Students ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
E Mail

Studies in the past have aimed to identify several factors that would encourage academic success among students. In recent times, the focus has shifted to understanding the impact or the influence of non-conventional factors such as Grit and Flow on the performance of students. In the current study, We have identified the relationship between the Grit and the get into a state of flow. The sample for this study consisted of 301 college students pursuing their education in hotel management from colleges in and around Bengaluru City. The data was collected through a questionnaire which was circulated through e-mail and social media of students. The scale used to measure Grit was the 10-item Grit Scale by Angela Duckworth and the 14 Items scale by Kazuki Yoshida was used to measure Flow. Statistical methods such as correlation, regression, t-test and ANOVA were applied in this study. Findings of the study indicate that the grit of hospitality students plays a role in their ability to enter into a state of flow.It is more likely for grittier individuals to experience flow. The levels of grit do not vary in terms of Gender, but it does with respect to year of education. The Flow levels vary between men and women, but it does not differ with year of education.  

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