The Occupational Safety and Health System in Poland during the Transition to Democracy and a Market Economy

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Broszkiewicz ◽  
Barbara Krzyskow ◽  
Halina Szejnwald Brown
Keyword(s):  
Labor Unions ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War

Since the fall of communism, the occupational health and safety system in Poland, which was extensively developed during the post-war period, has been incrementally adapting to the new social order. The reforms of the 1990s aimed at stimulating active participation by workers and labor unions, increasing the responsibility of employers, reducing the paternalistic role of the state, and strengthening the enforcement branch. The emergent system has many strengths, including a highly branched-out system of regional and local enforcement agencies, competent and self-confident government institutions familiar with the firms under their jurisdiction and adept at balancing competing social objectives; a tradition of cooperation among agencies and employers; and strong advocacy by the government agencies on behalf of workers. The system also exhibits characteristics that may weaken it in the future, such as lack of support from labor unions; low interest among workers; a generally low safety culture; stringent, often unimplementable exposure standards; and lack of “ownership” of the system by social groups other than the state bureaucracy.

It May Cost an Arm and a Leg; Value on Workers and Occupational Fatality Rates in the U.S.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Shely Klos ◽  
Frank B. Giordano ◽  
Stacy A. Stoffregen ◽  
Miki C. Azuma ◽  
Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workforce Flexibility ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background The present study aims to observe how societal indicators of workers’ values at the state-level are related to health and safety outcomes, particularly major injuries and fatalities in the U.S. Underscoring workforce flexibility and workability over workforce stability and safety might be indicative of the worth of workers which can be associated with occupational safety and health concerns. Methods Multiple regression analysis was adopted to examine how the state-level indicators of values on workers in terms of 1) minimum wage, using the data from 2015; 2) average of workers’ compensations for the loss of an arm, hand, leg, or foot in 2015 were prospectively associated with occupational fatality rates in 2016 and 2017. Socioeconomic contextual variables such as education level, GDP per capita, income gap, and population at the state-level were controlled for. Results The present study showed that state-level quantitative indicators of how workers are valued at work, namely minimum wage and workers’ compensation benefits, were significantly and negatively associated with fatality rates in the following year. Workers’ compensation benefits were significantly and negatively associated with fatality rates two years later, implying the lasting effect of this particular type of indicator of values on workers. Conclusions The present study illustrates the gap in how workers are valued across the U.S.. The study speaks to the importance of fostering culture where workers are adequately valued, cared about, and protected to prevent and curtail occupational fatality.

scholarly journals Measures to Protect the Health and Safety of Massachusetts Employees Who Must Work at the Workplace During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
Jodi Sugerman-Brozan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Health And Safety ◽  
Safety Recommendations ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The Massachusetts Coalition for Occupational Safety and Health (MassCOSH) developed workplace health and safety recommendations for Phase 2 of the Massachusetts plans to reopen the economy as the spread of SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus was reduced in the state. The governor’s plan included minimal measures for workplace health and safety protections during this pandemic. The MassCOSH recommendations are presented in this document.

scholarly journals It may cost an arm and a leg: workers value and occupational fatality rates in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah S. Klos ◽  
Frank B. Giordano ◽  
Stacy A. Stoffregen ◽  
Miki C. Azuma ◽  
Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workforce Flexibility ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background The present study aims to observe how societal indicators of workers’ values at the state-level are related to health and safety outcomes, particularly major injuries and fatalities in the U.S. Underscoring workforce flexibility and workability over workforce stability and safety might be indicative of the worth of workers which can be associated with occupational safety and health concerns. Methods Linear regression analysis with a log-transformed dependent variable was adopted to examine how the state-level indicators of worker value in terms of 1) minimum wage, using data from 2015; 2) average of workers’ compensations for the loss of an arm, hand, leg, or foot in 2015 were concurrently and prospectively associated with occupational fatality rates averaged across 2015, 2016 and 2017. Socioeconomic contextual variables such as education level, GDP per capita, and population at the state-level were controlled for. Results The present study showed that state-level quantitative indicators of how workers are valued at work, namely minimum wage and workers’ compensation benefits, were significantly and negatively associated with fatality rates in the following year. Conclusions The present study illustrates the gap in how workers are valued across the U.S. The study speaks to the importance of contextual factors regarding worker value, as they can affect outcomes of health and safety culminating at a state-level.

Upaya Penanggulangan dan pencegahan penyakit akibat kerja pada perawat Di Rumah Sakit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Natal Riang Gea
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Management System ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Occupational Accident ◽  
The Public ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Government

Abstrak. Sumber daya manusia sebagai tenaga kerja dalam perusahaan tidak terlepas dari adanyamasalahyangberkaitan dengan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3). Kejadian Penyakit AkibatKerja (PAK)danKecelakaan Akibat Kerja (KAK) di Indonesia tahun 2011 tercatat 96.314 kasus dengan korbanmeninggal 2.144 orang dan cacat 42 orang. Pada tahun 2012 kasus PAK dan KAK meningkat menjadi103.000 kasus. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan KesehatanKerja (SMK3) di Indonesia belum berjalan dengan baik. Masalah K3 tidak hanya menjadi tanggungjawab pemerintah tetapi tanggung jawab dari semua pihak terutama pengusaha, tenaga kerja dan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan SMK3 adalah salah satu bentuk upaya untuk menciptakan tempat kerja yang aman, sehat, bebas dari pencemaran lingkungan sehingga dapat mengurangi dan atau bebas dari PAK dan KAK, pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas kerjaKata kunci: Penyakit akibat kerja, pencegahan Abstract.Human resources as labor in the company is not separated from the problems associated with the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS). Occupational disease and occupational accident in Indonesia on 2011 recorded 96 314 cases with 2,144 deaths and disabled people 42 people. In 2012 the case of occupational disease and occupational accident increased to 103,000 cases. This indicates that the application of the occupational safety and health management system in Indonesia has not been going well. OHS problem is not just the responsibility of the government but the responsibility of all parties, especially employers, workers and the public. The occupational safety and health management system implementation is one of the efforts to create a workplace that is safe, healthy, free from environmental pollution so as to reduce and or free of the occupational disease and occupational accident , can ultimately improve efficiency and productivity. Keywords : Occupational disease, prevention

scholarly journals Health and Safety in the Construction Industry in Catanduanes, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
Dexter M. Toyado
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Department Of Labor ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Good Habit

The Island Province of Catanduanes is gaining grounds in the field of construction. The program of the current administration “Build, Build, Build” have taken the construction industry to full blast. Construction, both private and public are evident on every corners of the island. Occupational Safety and Health in construction is often neglected and disregarded. Construction is the one of the most dangerous sectors in health and safety. The government, thru the Department of Labor and Employment had already address the problem by providing safety and health training to the personnel of the construction firm as well as the industry as a whole. But the effort has been far from satisfactory, as construction accident continue to dominate the entire industry. The study aims to awareness of construction safety in Catanduanes. The study focuses on the awareness of workers in construction industry in Catanduanes on Occupational Safety and Health. From the series of interviews and interaction with the workers on site, and upon evaluation of their responses, the researcher finally come up with the conclusion that, the construction workers are aware of the safety and health in constructions but they do not adhere and follow it. Workers admittedly that the reason they are complaisant about following safety and health practices are discomfort, beliefs, and bad habits. The following recommendation were sought based on the results of the interview; 1. Workers must attend or be trained with safety and health. A training that would enable them to understand the safety and health issues and concerns, 2. Workers must be taught with correct attitude towards safety in workplace, 3. They must taught of right things contrary to their old beliefs, 4. Workers must developed good habit and positive outlook in terms of their safety and well-being.

Conducting Worksite Investigations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce P. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Employee Health ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Workplace Hazards ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Workplace Conditions ◽  
Safety And Health

This chapter focuses on conducting worksite investigations, including walkthrough surveys, and provides occupational health and safety personnel, employees, and employers the opportunity to identify and assess current workplace conditions and employee health concerns and make recommendations on how to reduce or eliminate any identified workplace hazards. The methods described cover ways to implement corrective actions necessary for preventing future adverse incidents and to identify shortcomings in safety and health management programs. Various specific examples are provided. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Hazard Evaluation Program, which has experience with all types of workplace hazards, is described. Preparing for and conducting workplace investigations is described in detail.

The Roles of Government in Protecting and Promoting Occupational and Environmental Health

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory R. Wagner ◽  
Emily A. Spieler
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Regulatory Interventions ◽  
The Government ◽  
The U.S

This chapter discusses the roles of government in promoting occupational and environmental health, with a focus on the U.S. federal government. Governmental interventions, as described here, can range from non-regulatory interventions, such as dissemination of information or generation and communication of information, to establishing regulatory requirements through the promulgation and enforcement of standards and regulations. The chapter describes the U.S. laws and roles of the administrative agencies responsible for occupational and environmental health, including the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the Mine Safety and Health Administration, and the Environmental Protection Agency. Noting the budgetary and political constraints on these federal agencies, the chapter goes on to discuss briefly the role of the public and the states. The government also plays a role when preventive efforts fail, and the chapter provides a brief summary of programs designed to provide compensation to injured workers.

scholarly journals Legal Framework as a Determinant of Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Programmes in the Manufacturing Sector in Kenya.

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Wanjiku Ndegwa ◽  
Wario Guyo ◽  
George Orwa ◽  
Robert Ng’ang’a ◽  
Elishba Muthoni Murigi
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Safety And Health

Recent trends in the organization of work have increased the risk of occupational safety and health (OSH) in Kenyan industries through exposure to hazardous substances, work related accidents and increased stress-related illnesses. According to International lab our organization (ILO) everyone is entitled to the right to safe and healthy working conditions and therefore the corpus of law in Kenya dealing with occupational safety and health should be embedded in the international OSH legal instruments. Specifically the occupational health and safety Act (2007) is expected to provide for safety, health and welfare of workers and all persons lawfully present at workplaces. The purpose of this study therefore was to investigate legal framework as a determinant of implementation of occupational health and safety programmes in the manufacturing sector in Kenya. It focused on six legal areas predicted as affecting implementation of OSH. These factors were national OSH policy, OSHA (occupational safety and health Act) familiarity with OSHA, government OSH inspections and audits, ease of implementation of OSHA, Government support in the implementation of OSH and OSHA implement ability. The study adopted descriptive cross-sectional survey design but however intended to gather both qualitative and quantitative data. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 257 OSH officers drawn randomly from 735 manufacturing industries registered by Kenya manufacturers association. 252 questionnaires were received back and analyzed with the help of SSPS window version 21. Both correlation and regression analysis were conducted and the results showed that there was a positive significant relationship between legal framework and implementation of OSH programmes. 

scholarly journals The role of health and safety experts in the management of hazardous and toxic wastes in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 07011
Author(s):  
Supriyadi ◽  
Hadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Health Experts

Occupational Safety and Health Experts in Indonesia have an important role in integrating environmental health and safety factors, including in this regard as human resources assigned to undertake hazardous waste management. Comprehensive knowledge and competence skills need to be carried out responsibly, as an inherent professional occupational safety and health profession. Management leaders should continue to provide training in external agencies responsible for science in the management of toxic waste to enable occupational safety and health experts to improve their performance in the hierarchy of control over the presence of hazardous materials. This paper provides an overview of what strategies and competencies the Occupational Safety and Health expert needs to have in embracing hazardous waste management practices.

scholarly journals PERANAN NEGARA DAN HUKUM DALAM MEMBERANTAS KEMISKINAN DENGAN MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN UMUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Yohanes Suhardin
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Product

AbstrakThe role of the state in combating poverty is very strategic. Combatingpoverty means to free citizens who are poor. The strategic role given thenational ideals (read: state) is the creation of public welfare. Therefore,countries in this regard the government as the organizer of the state musthold fast to the national ideals through legal product that is loaded withsocial justice values in order to realize common prosperity. Therefore, thenature of the law is justice, then in the context of the state, the lawestablished for the creation of social justice. Law believed that social justiceas the path to the public welfare so that the Indonesian people in a relativelyshort time to eradicate poverty.

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