scholarly journals Pesticides and Environmental Quality in Illinois

1975 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-10) ◽  
pp. 381-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Metcalf ◽  
James R. Sanborn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Model Ecosystem

Covers use of pesticides, monitoring, and reports test results for specific herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides in a model ecosystem.  Discuses biological effects, degrative products, and environmental impacts. 

Permissible Concentrations of Chemicals in Air and Water Derived From Rtecs Entries: a "Rash" Chemical Scoring System

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troyce D. Jones ◽  
Phil J. Walsh ◽  
Elaine A. Zeighami
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Relative Potency ◽  
Complex Spectrum ◽  
Biological Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Regulatory Guidance ◽  
Test Models

Many chemicals are of concern to human health, but only a few have epidemiologically derived risk estimates. About 45,000 chemicals are listed in RTECS, most of which have had some testing in subhuman models. RTECS entries range from cellular effects through organoleptic damage to lethality, with many pathological endpoints listed, including mutagenic changes, irritation, teratogenesis, cancer, mortality, etc. However, it is difficult to extend any biological test results to human risk assessments. If the results are extended, the degree of validity is highly uncertain. This paper describes a logical basis for using the entire complex spectrum of test results to evaluate the overall toxicological potency of a chemical to be assayed ( i.e., an interviewing chemical) and describes how to derive tentative, permissible concentrations in air and water for any particular chemical for which no regulatory guidance exists. This approach has been tested for 16 reference chemicals discussed in NIOSH Criteria Documents, EPA-CAG reports, etc. The evaluations are uncomplicated, but occasionally it is difficult to match RTECS entries for two different chemicals. Difficult compar isons may require some familiarity with experimental design and the toxicological literature. One important product of this novel approach is that a distribution or array of potency values is obtained for any chemical evaluated. This distribution reflects many uncertainties stemming from low statistical power, experimental design, pharmacological processes, interspecies variability, dose rate, biological effect monitored, route of treatment, etc. The array of relative values for a particular chemical reflects many different biological and physical conditions. The distribution of the array helps to index a composite toxicological profile for many different biological effects resulting from numerous treatment protocols. To minimize the effect of extreme sensitivity of certain (perhaps novel) biological test models, possible errors in the RTECS database, and possible human pharmacological insensitivity to a particular chemical and/or a particular route of administration, we consider the interquartile range (i.e., the central 50%) of the array of relative potency values between two chemicals being compared as a practical measure of uncertainty. Thus, the range in response derived from variability in relative potency should be useful in addressing the range of response in man as estimated from extrapolations of test data.

scholarly journals Application of DPSIR framework to access environmental impact of white limestone mining and processing in Luc Yen, Yen Bai province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Thi Cuc Nguyen ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Quoc Phi Nguyen ◽  
Thi Mai Hoa Phan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Dpsir Framework ◽  
Doi Moi

Application of DPSIR framework (Drivers, Pressures, States, Impacts and Responses) aims to assess the current impact of the environment through a process starting with “driving forces” through “pressures” to “states” and “impacts” eventually leading to political “responses” in mineral mining in Luc Yen district. Research results show that the main drivers in Luc Yen are resources consumption (Wi = 3.675), the demand for industrial development (Wi = 3.575), followed by diversification and size of mines (Wi = 3.250). The environmental pressures are solid (Wi = 4.025), dust (Wi = 3.900) and wastewater (Wi = 3.625). The current state of environment is the most affected by air (Wi = 3.400). The soil and water are almost unaffected. The current environmental impacts have positive and negative social, economic and environmental impacts. Specifically, the positive impacts are employment opportunities, income (Wi = 3.325) and an increase in state budget (Wi = 3.000). There are no positive improvements of the environment related to mining activities, such as negative impacts on ecological landscape (Wi = 3.050) and infrastructure (Wi = 3.075). Improving environmental quality and mitigating environmental impacts have been applied, including innovative technology (Wi = 3.175), pollution monitoring and environmental quality monitoring (Wi = 3.400). Communication activities to enhance community participation in Luc Yen area were also highly appreciated by people (Wi = 3.375). Việc ứng dụng mô hình DPSIR (Drivers, Pressures, States, Impacts and Responses) nhằm mục đích đánh giá tác động môi trường theo một quá trình từ động lực, áp lực, hiện trạng và tác động đến đáp ứng để giải quyết vấn đề môi trường liên quan đến hoạt động khai thác khoáng sản tại huyện Lục Yên. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy động lực dẫn tới hoạt động khai thác đá vôi trắng tại huyện Lục Yên là nhu cầu sử dụng tài nguyên (Wi = 3,675), nhu cầu phát triển hoạt động công nghiệp (Wi = 3,575), tiếp đến là sự đa dạng, quy mô các mỏ khoáng (Wi = 3,250). Áp lực môi trường là chất thải rắn (Wi = 4,025), tiếp đến là bụi (Wi = 3,900) và nước thải (Wi = 3,625). Hiện trạng môi trường tự nhiên hiện nay tại khu vực Lục Yên chịu ảnh hưởng mạnh nhất là không khí (trọng số Wi = 3,400), môi trường đất và nước gần như chưa bị tác động. Tác động môi trường hiện nay tại huyện Lục Yên thể hiện qua tác động đến môi trường xã hội và môi trường tự nhiên. Cụ thể, tác động giải quyết việc làm, tăng thu nhập (Wi = 3,325) và tăng ngân sách nhà nước (Wi = 3,000). Tác động tiêu cực tới cảnh quan sinh thái (Wi = 3,050) và cơ sở hạ tầng (Wi = 3,075). Các giải pháp cải thiện và giảm thiểu tác động môi trường đã áp dụng hiện nay là đổi mới công nghệ khai thác theo hướng tiên tiến (Wi = 3,175), giám sát ô nhiễm và quan trắc chất lượng môi trường (Wi = 3,400). Giải pháp truyền thông tăng cường sự tham gia của cộng đồng tại khu vực Lục Yên cũng được người dân đánh giá cao với trọng số (Wi = 3,375).

scholarly journals The Effects of a Novel Series of KTTKS Analogues on Cytotoxicity and Proteolytic Activity

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Tałałaj ◽  
Paulina Uścinowicz ◽  
Irena Bruzgo ◽  
Arkadiusz Surażyński ◽  
Ilona Zaręba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dna Biosynthesis ◽  
Lysine Modification ◽  
Amide Form ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitors ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Proteolytic Hydrolysis

KTTKS is a matrikine that originates from the proteolytic hydrolysis of collagen. This peptide stimulates ECM production and types I and III collagen expression in vitro. A more stable form of KTTKS is pal-KTTKS, known as Matrixyl® or palmitoyl pentapeptide-3. A series of novel pentapeptides, analogues of KTTKS with the general formula X-KTTKS-OH(NH2), where X = acetyl, lipoyl, palmitoyl residues, was designed and synthesized. Their effect on amidolytic activity of urokinase, thrombin, trypsin, plasmin, t-PA, and kallikrein were tested. Cytotoxic tests on fibroblasts, as well as collagen and DNA biosynthesis tests for selected peptides, were also carried out. The test results showed that the most active plasmin inhibitors were palmitoyl peptides, whether in acid or amide form. No biological effects of lysine modification to arginine in the synthesized peptides were found. None of the synthesized peptides was not cytotoxic on fibroblasts, and three of them showed cell growth. These three compounds showed no concentration-activity relationship in the collagen and DNA biosynthesis assays.

scholarly journals Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions: The Effect on Performance of Building Technology Lecturers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-186
Author(s):  
Arinzechukwu Okanya ◽  
Japel Asogwa ◽  
Ike Onyedikachi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Reliability Method ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the Effect of Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) on the Performance of Building Technology Lecturers in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Methodology: Three research questions guided the study in which survey research design was used. The entire population of the study was 216, comprising 84 building technology lecturers and 132 higher technical officers from six tertiary institutions in Nigeria. A 38-item questionnaire was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument at a coefficient of 0.89. A total of 216 copies of the questionnaire were administered and 210 copies were retrieved, representing a 92% return rate. The data collected was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test. Results: The study found out that there exist 5 items on how the indoor air quality (IAQ) affect building technology lecturers’ performance in Nigerian tertiary institutions, 5 items on how thermal comfort affect building technology lecturers’ performance in Nigerian tertiary institutions, 7 items on how building acoustics affect building technology lecturers’ performance in Nigerian tertiary institutions and 6 items on how ergonomics affects building technology lecturers’ performance in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The study also found 6 items on challenges of installing Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), facilities and 10 items on the ways of providing and improving Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Practical Implications: Lecturers’ role on monitoring and maintenance of IEQ in offices could be enhanced through appointment of Desk officer in each faculty of the tertiary institutions. The Desk officer will liaise between the lecturers and maintenance unit of the institutions on IEQ issues. Originality/Value: The study concluded that improved indoor environmental quality has a tremendous impact on lecturer’s performance, comfort, workspace utilization and overall productivity.

scholarly journals Pemahaman dan Kepedulian Penerapan Green Accounting: Studi Kasus UKM Tahu Tempe di Kota Bandar Lampung

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Destia Pentiana
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Green Accounting ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Level Of Understanding

The general objective of this study is to find out whether: 1) the SMEs of tofu and tempe in Bandar Lampung city have knowledge of the concept of green accounting 2) the SMEs of tofu and tempe in Bandar Lampung city care about the environment. The type of data used in this study is primary data, namely by interviewing and distributing questionnaires to the businessmen of tofu and tempe in Bandar Lampung city. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it was found that the understanding of the perpetrators of SMEs of tofu and tempe in Bandar Lampung city is still low because the preference of the interests of the actors of SMEs of tofu and tempe is still focused on operating profits not on product quality and environmental quality. The lack of awareness of environmental impacts that can affect the sustainability of its business is a factor that causes the low level of understanding. In terms of knowledge of the environmental costs, SMEs is also identified low. This is because the business actors are unable to identify what constitutes the components of environmental costs which also become a factor that causes low understanding of the SMEs. Keywords: Green Accounting, Environmental Costs, SMEs.

scholarly journals LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND SHORT-TERM MEASUREMENTS OF INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF A WOODEN FAMILY HOUSE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Vilčeková ◽  
Katarína Harčárová ◽  
Andrea Moňoková ◽  
Eva Krídlová Burdová
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Family House

Nowadays, there is an increased trend in the construction of nearly zero energy buildings which can be also characterized as green buildings. Several studies confirm that wooden buildings fulfil these requirements. However, there is no detailed research related to the quality of the indoor environment in new wooden family houses. For this reason, this paper focuses on monitoring of the indoor environmental quality in a selected wooden family house. Short-term measurements are aimed at investigation of physical parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and noise) and chemical factors such as concentrations of particulate matters and CO2. At the same time, environmental impacts were also assessed for impact categories such as: global warming potential (GWP), ozone depletion potential (ODP) acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) ex-pressed as kilogram CO2eq, CFC11eq, SO2eq, PO43–eq and kilogram of C2H4eq within “Cradle to Grave” boundary by using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. The main contribution of this study is demonstration that wooden build-ings have substantial share in the reduction of environmental impacts. So far, results indicate that the design of wooden houses correspond with the increasing demands of occupants in terms of environmental, social and energy performance.

Preparation and Standardization of Nosodes Sourced from Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Salmonella Typhi, Neisseria Gonorrhoeae and Candida Albicans Strains

Homeopathy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Munshi ◽  
Gitanjali Talele ◽  
Rajesh Shah
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Abstract Background Homeopathic nosodes prepared from organisms and pathological tissues have shown biological effects, encouraging more research. There is a need to develop some new nosodes systematically and to re-make others that were developed over a century ago. In our program of work on nosodes, the bacterial strains Klebsiella pneumoniae (BAA 2146), Salmonella typhi and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 43069), and the single-celled fungus Candida albicans (24433, 26790, and 60193) have been identified for preparation. Materials and Methods The systematic and scientific method of preparation of nosodes includes identification, culture, quantification, characterization, preparation, and standardization. Under laminar flow, a suspension of respective bacterial and fungal cells (20 billion cells/mL) was processed as per the Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia of India (HPI). Culture tests, sterility tests and molecular testing (polymerase chain reaction) were performed to establish the absence of contamination, live organisms and DNA material. Results K. pneumoniae, S. typhi (single, bivalent, or polyvalent), N. gonorrhoeae, and C. albicans nosodes (single and polyvalent) were sourced and prepared from different strains of respective cultures. The nosode preparations were processed by serial dilution and potentization, normally following the HPI guidelines. Molecular test results showed the absence of live organisms or DNA material; culture and sterility test results demonstrated the safety profile of the potentized nosodes. Conclusion K. pneumoniae, S. typhi, N. gonorrhoeae and C. albicans nosodes were successfully prepared. Their therapeutic potential may now be evaluated.

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