scholarly journals DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL DIFUSO DE ACESSO DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA A ESPAÇOS URBANOS E SUA TUTELA JURÍDICA COLETIVA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (55) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Flávia Piva Almeida LEITE ◽  
Rui Carvalho PIVA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Legal Guardianship ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

RESUMO Esse artigo jurídico trata de um dos temas mais relevantes do momento das pessoas com deficiência e de suas famílias que vivem nos espaços urbanos brasileiros.O acesso das pessoas com deficiência aos espaços urbanos é um direito com expresso reconhecimento legal e esse direito vem sendo considerado como caminho indispensável para a inclusão social dessas pessoas. Acesso e inclusão, que tiveram suas trajetórias de consideração e inclusão na legislação da Organização das Nações Unidas e do Brasil, sempre foram considerados sob a ótica de direitos individuais, sendo certo que a busca de suas efetivações ocorriam por meio dos instrumentos processuais igualmente individuais, ou seja, ações civis para cumprimento de obrigação de fazer e para apuração de danos materiais e morais provocados por entidades públicas e particulares. Uma nova abordagem jurídica para esta situação de descumprimento do comando legal permitiu a identificação do direito de acesso das pessoas com deficiência aos espaços urbanos como sendo um direito fundamental, porque as previsões que o asseguram preservam a dignidade dessas pessoas e o direito à vida digna é um direito fundamental, e permitiu também a sua identificação como um direito difuso, por ser um direito transindividual, de natureza indivisível, cujos titulares são pessoas indeterminadas e ligadas por circunstância de fato. Sendo assim, a sua tutela jurídicapode ser efetivada por meio da poderosa ação civil pública, o que representa uma ampliação respeitável das possibilidades de acesso e inclusão para as pessoas com deficiência aos espaços urbanos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acessibilidade; Espaços urbanos; Direito Fundamental Difuso; Pessoa com deficiência; Tutela Jurídica coletiva. ABSTRACT This legal article deals with one of the most relevant issues of the moment for people with disabilities and their families living in Brazilian urban spaces. The access of people with disabilities to urban spaces is a right with express legal recognition and this right is being considered as an indispensable way for the social inclusion of these people. Access and inclusion, which had their consideration and inclusion trajectories in the legislation of the United Nations and Brazil, they have always been considered from the perspective of individual rights, being certain that the search for its effectiveness occurred through the equally individual procedural instruments, that is, civil actions to fulfill the obligation to do and to ascertain material and moral damages caused by public and private entities. A new legal approach at this situation of non-compliance with the legal command identified the right of access of disabled people to the urban areas as a fundamental right, because the predictions that ensure preserve the dignity of such persons and the right to decent life is a fundamental right, and also allowed its identification as a diffuse right, because it is a transindividual right, of an indivisible nature, whose holders are indeterminate persons and connected by de factual circumstance. Thus, its legal protection can be effected through the powerful public civil action, which represents a respectable increase in the possibilities of access and inclusion for people with disabilities in urban spaces. KEYWORDS: Accessibility; Urban spaces; Diffuse Fundamental right; Disabled person; Collective legal guardianship.

scholarly journals A releitura da privacidade: do “direito de ser deixado só” ao direito à autodeterminação informativa / A New Understanding of Privacy: From the Right to Be Alone to the Informative Self-Determination

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Kalline Carvalho Gonçalves Eler
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Current System ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
Surveillance Society ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACTIn the universe of technologically advanced societies, the respect for privacy as a fundamental right presents an increasingly urgent requirement, whereas the right to privacy, in the current system of fundamental rights, it is essential to human  dignity.  It  is  urgent,  in  this  context,  to  inquire  about  the  construction  of  a  new  constitutionalism  of  the  electronic space  in  which  privacy  protection  will  constitute  an  essential  right  in  the  consolidation  of  social  identity,  and  therefore, social  dignity.  The  technology,  despite  allowing  the  construction  of  a  private  sphere  more  diversified,  paradoxically,  becomes more vulnerable in the moment as its’ exposure becomes constant. It justifies the growing need for a further strengthening  of  the  legal  protection  of  privacy  so  that  the  Principle  of  Human  Dignity  is  effectively  implemented.  The  primary objective  of  this  research  is  to  seek  a  new  valuation  of  human,  social  and  juristic  scientific  and  technological  innovations used by public and private institutions, having as imperative the equal social dignity. To attain this end, it will be adopted the Civil Constitutional Law’s methodology, taking as theoretical framework privacy in surveillance society, an object theme of deep studies by the Italian jurist Stefano Rodotà.RESUMONo universo das sociedades tecnologicamente avançadas, o respeito à privacidade como direito fundamental apresenta-se como uma exigência cada vez mais urgente, visto que o direito à privacidade, no sistema atual de direitos fundamentais, revela-se essencial à própria dignidade humana. Urge, nesse contexto, a necessidade de se perquirir acerca da construção de um novo constitucionalismo do espaço eletrônico, no qual a proteção da privacidade venha a se constituir em um direito essencial na consolidação da identidade social, e, portanto, da dignidade social. A tecnologia, apesar de possibilitar a construção de uma esfera privada diversificada, paradoxalmente, a torna mais vulnerável a partir do momento em que sua exposição torna-se constante. Justifica-se, assim, a necessidade de um maior fortalecimento da proteção jurídica da privacidade a fim de que o Princípio da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana seja efetivamente concretizado. O objetivo precípuo deste trabalho está em buscar uma nova valoração humana, social e jurídica das inovações científicas e tecnológicas utilizadas pelas instituições públicas e privadas, tendo-se por imperativo a igual dignidade social. Para persecução deste fim, foi adotada a metodologia do Direito Civil Constitucional, tomando-se por marco teórico a privacidade na sociedade de vigilância, tema objeto de profundos estudos do jurista italiano Stefano Rodotà.

scholarly journals The importance of changing urban scenery in the assessment of citizens’ soundscape perception. On the need for different time-related points of view

Noise Mapping ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-161
Author(s):  
Jerónimo Vida Manzano ◽  
José Antonio Almagro Pastor ◽  
Rafael García Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Noise Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Abstract The city of Granada is experimenting a big urban transformation, attending national and international commitments on clean air, energy efficiency and savings linked to greenhouse gases reduction strategies and sustainable development action plans. This situation constitutes a good scenario for new noise control approaches that take into account the sound variable and citizens empowering in urban design, such as the soundscape assessment of urban territory. In this way, soundscape tools have been used in Granada as a complementary method for environmental noise characterisation where traditional noise control techniques are difficult to be carried out or give limited results. After 2016 strategic noise map and in the preparation of the new noise action plan, the city came across a great acoustic challenge in a new area located outskirts characterised by growing urbanisation, still under development, the greatest legal protection because of sensitive teaching and hospital buildings and the greatest noise exposure from nearby ring-way supporting heavy traffic flow. As quiet urban areas are not characterised by the absence of noise but for the presence of the right noise, this research intended to provide the local administration with results and proposals to transform this conflict area in a pleasant or quiet urban place. Main results came from important and significative differences in morning and evening characterisation, as great differences appear in soundscape assessment over the day and along the soundwalk path, indicating the importance of time and local issues to adequately characterised citizens perception to be considered by administration in the development of strategies and effective noise control actions.

scholarly journals International Legal Protection of Labour Rights of People with Disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Валентина Микрина ◽  
Valentina Mikrina ◽  
Дамир Бекяшев ◽  
Damir Bekyashev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Regulatory Activity ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Labour Rights ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

Restriction or lack of capacity to be engaged in labour activities must not become an encumbrance for efficient employment of people with disabilities. International legal protection of such a vulnerable group should be based on the principles of complete equality of rights and full participation in the life of society. The article deals with the international legal mechanisms of labour rights protection of people with disabilities under the acts passed by the UN and ILO. Ensuring due legal protection of labour rights of people with disabilities in the world of work will facilitate their realization of the right to decent work, which is the main goal of the regulatory activity of the ILO.

scholarly journals Issuance of a certificate of the right to publish notary activities: regulatory aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kiyan ◽  
Yulia Soloshenko
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Description ◽  
Real Activity ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Regulatory Aspect ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Professional Capacity

The article deals with problem of scientific and practical research of the grounds for obtaining / refusing to obtain a certificate of the right to engage in notarial activities. The article constructs a descriptive and analytical description of the key procedures for obtaining / refusing to obtain a certificate of the right to engage in notarial activities. The analysis of the current Ukrainian legislation in the field of notaries proves that this document confirms only the possibility (right) to engage in notarial activities. As a result of the study, it has been concluded that obtaining a certificate of the right to engage in notarial activities allows you to acquire the position of notary or obtain a registration certificate of registration of private notarial activities. This makes it possible to talk about the professional capacity and professional capacity of the notary. Professional capacity of a notary (right / opportunity to work as a notary) arises from the moment of obtaining a certificate of the right to engage in notarial activities, while professional capacity arises from the moment of obtaining a position by order (for public notaries) or registration certificate (for private notaries). Real activity for public and private notaries is spread from the moment of receiving the relevant positions in state notary offices and the registration meeting of registration of private notarial activity. Some procedural nuances are the results of the research and make up the analysis of the subjects in this article.

Rethinking the sexual citizenship from queer and post-Soviet perspectives: Queer urban spaces and the right to the socialist city

Sexualities ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kondakov
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Grassroots Politics ◽  
Queer Politics ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Citizenship Regimes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Queer Citizenship ◽  
Point Of Departure

In this article, I use the analysis of citizenship regimes and their revolutionary changes as a point of departure to offer an improvement of the notion of grassroots politics. The focus of the article is on queer citizenship as it evolved in alternative modernity that the USSR conditioned. Immediately after the October Revolution, the new government deliberately proclaimed a new sexual freedom and rearranged the material conditions of living in urban areas of the country. This resulted in unexpected changes of practice, one of which is the multiplication of public space. Contrary to conventional forms of politics, Soviet queer politics was reallocated to parallel urban spaces. This analysis allows one to address the particular relations between one’s sexuality and political participation, citizenship and materiality, market economy and revolutions.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum bagi Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Angkutan Udara

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Priscila ◽  
Ni Luh Made Mahendrawati ◽  
I Ketut Sukadana
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Transportation is currently divided into three types, namely land transportation, sea transportation and air transportation. Nowadays, many people prefer to use air transportation since air transportation can travel long distances in a relatively shorter time. However, it is not infrequently for airlines to cause losses to consumers, especially to people with disabilities.  Where as fact people with disabilities should get special treatment. Therefore, these problems can be examined as follows: 1) how is the legal protection for people with disabilities in the positive law in Indonesia? 2) What is the regulation of the rights of consumers with disabilities as airplane passengers? This presentation used normative research methods to find whether there are legal rules according to legal norms or not, whether there are norms in the form of orders or prohibitions in accordance with legal principles or not and whether one’s actions are in accordance with legal norms or not by using a legal and conceptual approach. This research required a source of secondary legal material as the main legal material. People with disabilities have the right to receive special services and facilities while at an airport or aircraft. The government has made legislation as a form of legal protection for people with disabilities. Nevertheless, the government must be more assertive in order to avoid discrimination against people with disabilities. Furthermore, it is not only the government that must provide legal protection for people with disabilities but also the community. The community must change the mindset about people with disabilities who are considered unable to do anything, and they must help people with disabilities to get equal treatment before the law.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Asing Berdasarkan Asas Kepastian dan Keadilan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 558-570
Author(s):  
Moch Thariq Shadiqin
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Right To Work ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

The use of foreign workers in Indonesia is increasingly in demand by companies. The Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemnaker) noted that throughout 2016 there were 74,183 TKA in Indonesia). The Foreign Workers are to meet the needs, skilled and professional workforce in specific fields that cannot yet be filled by workers, Indonesia and to encourage the transfer of knowledge and technology. With the normative juridical case approach method, this study conducted to analyze how legal certainty and justice related to regulation. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia states that every citizen has the right to work and a decent life. Consequently, citizens have the right to receive compensation and fair treatment in employment relations and the state has the constitutional responsibility to guarantee the fulfilment of the right to work (TKI) and Foreign Workers (TKA) to create legal certainty and legal protection between them.Keywords : Legal Protection, Foreign workers, Principle of Certainty and Justice. AbstrakPenggunaan tenaga kerja asing di Indonesia semakin banyak diminati oleh perusahaan. Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia (Kemnaker) mencatat bahwa sepanjang tahun 2016 terdapat 74.183 TKA di Indonesia. Tenaga Kerja Asing tersebut adalah untuk   memenuhi kebutuhan, tenaga kerja yang terampil dan professional di bidang tertentu yang belum dapat diisi oleh tenaga kerja, Indonesia serta mendorong alih ilmu dan teknologi. Dengan metode pendekatan kasus yang bersifat yuridis normative, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis tentang bagaimana kepastian dan keadilan hukum terkait regulasi. Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 menyebutkan bahwa setiap warga negara berhak atas pekerjaan dan hidup yang layak. Konsekuensinya, warga negara berhak untuk mendapat imbalan dan perlakuan yang adil dalam hubungan kerja dan negara memiliki tanggung jawab konstitusional untuk menjamin terpenuhinya keseimbangan hak atas pekerjaan Tenaga Kerja (TKI) dan Tenaga Kerja Asing (TKA) guna tercipta perlindungan kepastian dan keadilan hukum di antara keduanya.Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Tenaga Kerja Asing, Asas Kepastian dan Keadilan.

scholarly journals Access to justice for people with disabilities in employment

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Imam Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
State Constitution ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
The Right ◽  
Structure Of Education

Access to Justice for people with disabilities is a term used to describe the legal protection given to persons with disabilities in their efforts to meet their needs from things that can endanger persons with disabilities themselves.The right to obtain employment including for workers with disabilities is regulated in the Indonesian state constitution. Therefore, these rights are protected and guaranteed by law, so companies that employ persons with disabilities in particular must protect the rights of persons with disabilities.The method used in this study is this research is a type of normative law research using normative legal case studies in the form of legal behavior products. Persons with disabilities must receive the support needed in the structure of education, health, employment and social services, so that the rights of persons with disabilities are in the perspective of human rights. Normatively, there are actually several legal instruments that have been born to protect the rights of persons with disabilities to work. Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Employment which forbids discrimination to persons with disabilities The right of persons with disabilities to obtain accessibility contained in Article 18 of Law No.8 / 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities, namely, obtaining accessibility to utilize public facilities and obtain adequate accommodation as a form of accessibility for individuals.   

Free Software for Development of Web GIS in Tourism Accessibility

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 2953-2956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Françoso ◽  
Diogenes Cortijo Costa ◽  
Mariana Mello Valin ◽  
Rogério Rodrigues Amarante
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Universal Design ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Private Transportation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Based on the concepts of social inclusion, universal design, and accessibility, this paper aims to describe the stages of the development and implementation of a Geographic Information System for the Internet (Web GIS) based on open source (OS) software. The Web GIS developed is called "Accessibility to Campinas Tourist Attractions", which provides information about cultural and natural attractions in Campinas/SP- Brazil, especially for people with disabilities or reduced mobility that prevents access these sites via public and private transportation. The verification of the existence or lack of accessibility equipment at bus stops and parking areas close to tourist attractions relies on current legislation (NBR 9050) that establishes the right to accessibility for disabled people to transportation, local culture, and leisure.

scholarly journals Availability of Judicial Protection in the Process of Editing the Human Genome

Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Human Embryo ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

Genetic technologies are rapidly developing, which is not the case for the normative consolidation of scientific achievements and opportunities. The science aimed at improving the quality of life of people is already able to prevent many hereditary disorders by removing the «wrong» gene from the embryo DNA. Editing the human genome is not the future, but the present.It is assumed that legalization in the area of the human genome editing for preventive or therapeutic purposes is more than possible. The article analyzes the issues of the right to go to court on the ground of legal relations that arise when the human embryo genome is edited during the procedure of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and subsequently a «genetically modified» child is born.Due to the lack of detailed legal regulation of the IVF procedure, scientific research on human embryos and genome editing technology, the author does not exclude situations when successful research can be carried out as well as errors can be committed. In the latter case, it is possible to work upon «healthy» DNA elements instead of or together with «sick» elements, which endangers the life and health of not only the potential person, but also his discendants.Given that the current legislation does not determine the status of a human embryo and establishes the moment of birth as the moment of capacity, while the civil procedural capacity (that is one of the prerequisites for the right to go to a court) of an individual coincides with civil legal capacity, the future human life is deprived of any legal protection. For the same reason, other persons may not go to court in the interests of the unborn child. The article attempts to find a way out of this situation by analyzing Russian and international legislation, as well as the ECHR case law.

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