A Marketplace for Health: Opportunities and Challenges for Biomedical Blockchains (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah Zimmerman ◽  
Nicholas Tatonetti ◽  
Joel Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Healthcare Executives

UNSTRUCTURED Incentive alignment is a fundamental challenge to improving the financial and operational efficiency of the healthcare system in the United States. The current system incentivizes payers to reduce utilization and providers to perform procedures, while patients are caught between cost savings and utilization. Blockchain is an emerging technology that enables the construction of large-scale open digital networks with characteristics that can incentivize participants towards a common goal. There is an opportunity to use blockchain technology to reimagine how we cooperate to promote health and potentially improve efficiency of the healthcare system. In this perspective, we discuss the strengths and limitations of this new technology through the lens of healthcare. We explore how challenges in healthcare (e.g. costs, accessibility, and data ownership) can be addressed by blockchain technology and, equally important, how they cannot. Through the evaluation of existing projects, we find clear advantages and disadvantages of the technology and identify open areas of innovation for healthcare executives, academics, and entrepreneurs.

Applications of blockchain in healthcare (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav C
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Audit Trails

UNSTRUCTURED The word blockchain elicits thoughts of cryptocurrency much of the time, which does disservice to this disruptive new technology. Agreed, bitcoin launched in 2011 was the first large scale implementation of blockchain technology. Also, Bitcoin’s success has triggered the establishment of nearly 1000 new cryptocurrencies. This again lead to the delusion that the only application of blockchain technology is for the creation of cryptocurrency. However, the blockchain technology is capable of a lot more than just cryptocurrency creation and may support such things as transactions that require personal identification, peer review, elections and other types of democratic decision-making and audit trails. Blockchain exists with real world implementations beyond cryptocurrencies and these solutions deliver powerful benefits to healthcare organizations, bankers, retailers and consumers among others. One of the areas where blockchain technology can be used effectively is healthcare industry. Proper application of this technology in healthcare will not only save billions of money but also will contribute to the growth in research. This review paper briefly defines blockchain and deals in detail the applications of blockchain in various areas particularly in healthcare industry.

scholarly journals Evaluation of United States chiropractic professional subgroups: a survey of randomly sampled chiropractors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A. Gliedt ◽  
Stephen M. Perle ◽  
Aaron A. Puhl ◽  
Sarah Daehler ◽  
Michael J. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chiropractic Profession ◽  
Practice Characteristic ◽  
And Behaviors

Abstract Background Professional subgroups are common and may play a role in aiding professional maturity or impeding professional legitimization. The chiropractic profession in the United States has a long history of diverse intra-professional subgroups with varying ideologies and practice styles. To our knowledge, large-scale quantification of chiropractic professional subgroups in the United States has not been conducted. The purpose of this study was to quantify and describe the clinical practice beliefs and behaviors associated with United States chiropractic subgroups. Methods A 10% random sample of United States licensed chiropractors (n = 8975) was selected from all 50 state regulatory board lists and invited to participate in a survey. The survey consisted of a 7-item questionnaire; 6 items were associated with chiropractic ideological and practice characteristics and 1 item was related to the self-identified role of chiropractic in the healthcare system which was utilized as the dependent variable to identify chiropractic subgroups. Multinomial logistic regression with predictive margins was used to analyze which responses to the 6 ideology and practice characteristic items were predictive of chiropractic subgroups. Results A total of 3538 responses were collected (39.4% response rate). Respondents self-identified into three distinct subgroups based on the perceived role of the chiropractic profession in the greater healthcare system: 56.8% were spine/neuromusculoskeletal focused; 22.0% were primary care focused; and 21.2% were vertebral subluxation focused. Patterns of responses to the 6 ideologies and practice characteristic items were substantially different across the three professional subgroups. Conclusions Respondents self-identified into one of three distinct intra-professional subgroups. These subgroups can be differentiated along themes related to clinical practice beliefs and behaviors.

REFORMS OF CHINA’S HEALTHCARE SYSTEM AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET FOR MEDICAL SERVICES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-32
Author(s):  
Elena Pekhtereva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
National Healthcare System

The article provides an overview of the state and problems of the healthcare system in China. Since 2009 a large-scale reform of the national healthcare system has been underway, aimed at overcoming the uneven provision of medical services to residents of different regions and different segments of the Chinese population, at reducing the number of chronic diseases and increasing healthcare spendings. Some aspects of the functioning of the medical services market in China, the second largest after the corresponding market in the United States, are also considered. The achievements of the Chinese pharmaceutical industry in the production of vaccines to prevent coronavirus are noted.

Rationalization of Health Services: Political and Social Assumptions

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Battistella
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness

Confronted with deep—seated problems of spiralling health care costs, the United States is actively considering rationalization as a means for improving efficiency and effectiveness in the operation of health services. The application of managerial and organizational principles characteristic of large—scale business and industry, i.e. quantification of decision—making, consolidation of production, money rewards for cost savings, and economies of scale, is increasingly seen as the key to successful control of the health economy. The drive for rationalization is assessed in terms of its probable impact on the following issues: (a) the scope of health—field boundaries and program responsibilities; (b) the influence of health professionals in policy and planning; (c) the role of altruistic ideals as compared to market values in conditioning provider behavior; and (d) the relationship of health services to larger social and philosophic aims. Because of the tendency toward convergence in the problems governments face in the financing and delivery of health care, it is suggested that developments in the United States may be relevant to other countries in similarly advanced stages of economic growth.

S268 – Cost-Effective Balloon Sinuplasty

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P164-P165
Author(s):  
Paul E Lomeo ◽  
Judith Finneman
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Guide Wire ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Balloon Catheter ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Balloon Sinuplasty ◽  
Guide Catheter ◽  
The Cost

Objectives Balloon sinuplasty is a new procedure that is gaining popularity in the United States. However, with all new technology, there is an increase in cost. Balloon sinuplasty increases the overhead for the facility where it is being performed and does not affect reimbursement. To decrease the cost of new technology, the physician, facility, and the company must all think of creative methods to acheive this goal. Methods In our institution, we had 60 patients that had balloon sinuplasties performed, with all of them involving both maxilary and frontal sinus. Re-useable olive-tip cannula was used instead of the company's recommended disposable guide catheter for the frontal and maxillary sinuses. In using the olive-tip as a guide catheter, the guide wire and balloon catheter are easily directed to the opening of both the maxillary and frontal sinus. Results The outcome from all 60 patients was successful, with none returning for revision. In using the olive-tip cannula instead of the disposable catheter guide for the maxillary and frontal sinuses, there was a savings of $37,500 for the institution. Conclusions The use of an olive-tip cannula from the basic FESS set decreases the cost of performing balloon sinuplasty. This suction-tip can replace the catheter guide without compromising the surgical procedure and is easy to use by the experienced sinus surgeon. There was a cost savings of $625 per procedure when using an olive-tip cannula instead of the company's recommended catheter guide.

scholarly journals The Datafication of Law: How Technology Encodes Carceral Power and Affects Judicial Practice in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Gil Rothschild-Elyassi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Empirical Inquiry ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
Early Case ◽  
Opening Up

This inquiry explores how data analyses about US Federal sentences have transformed sentencing practice beginning in the mid-1980s. I consider this inquiry an early case of the datafication of law, a pervasive process that translates legal practice into data and embeds it in digital networks so it can be tracked and analyzed in real time. To explore datafication historically and in relation to legal practice and power, I consider it not as an objective and passive undertaking but, rather, as an ideological and performative process that encodes and enacts normative presumptions and desirable futures. The empirical inquiry traverses “levels of analysis” and thus bridges prominent perspectives in sociolegal research. In so doing, I identify four mechanisms that mediate “large-scale” processes and “local” practices: field assembly, symbolic projection, material inscription, and boundaries spanning. Substantively, I show how datafication has not simply described, but also transformed, sentencing practice according to a colorblind-carceral imaginary that strives to fix the present in place. By relentlessly translating decisions into data forms that derive from this carceral imaginary, datafication affects judicial action and partakes in sustaining legacies of oppression. Yet, like other technologies, datafication also reveals dialectic dimensions in opening up to new actors and subjecting its ideological underpinnings to contestation and change.

scholarly journals REASONS AND FEATURES OF IMPLEMENTING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN THE PENSION SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
T.G. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Current System ◽  
The State ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Registry System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Pension

Due to the introduction of the digital economy on the territory of the Russian Federation and the urgency of the problem of implementing the distributed registry system (Blockchain) in various financial spheres, including the system of accounting for pension rights and obligations in the state and non-state pension systems, an attempt was made to assess the principles of implementing the Blockchain mechanism in the system of accounting for pension rights, insurance premiums and pension payments. The current system of centralized registries is based on the full confidence of its participants-clients. In particular, persons insured in the pension system. The non-transparency of the non-state pension component and the periodic changes in the state pension system seriously undermine this trust of citizens. Thus, the system of distributed registries that will solve this problem operates on the principles of transparency, availability for verification, reliability (security of transactions), economy, and trust on the part of customers. The article also considers the problem of formation and distribution of the accumulative pension component. The analysis of its losses and features of transfer to different pension organizations - participants of the state pension insurance system is carried out. It is proposed to solve the problems associated with these processes by implementing a system of distributed registries and smart contracts. In conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of the distributed registry system are presented, as well as the difficulties of its implementation in the near future in the pension system of the Russian Federation are analyzed.

scholarly journals Blockchain based mechanism to eliminate frauds and tampering of land records

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
D Devi ◽  
G Sai Rohith ◽  
S Shri Hari ◽  
K Sri Ramachandar
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
File System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Storage Model ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
New Business ◽  
User Data ◽  
Land Records

Data tampering and fraud in land records have increased drastically in the modern world. A data storage model using Blockchain and Interplanetary File System (IPFS) is proposed in this work. Land records and the farmer’s information are stored inside the Interplanetary file system. To avoid data faking, the hash address of the respective data generated by IPFS is stored in the blockchain. This proposed system when deployed on a large scale can outperform the existing methods of securing user data. One of the latest technological advancements in the software industry is the innovation of Blockchain Technology. This new technology has opened up a new business relationship platform that delivers feasibility, protection, and cheap rates. It provides a new foundation of trust for transactions that can facilitate a very streamlined workflow and a faster economy.

Mobile Learning and an Experience with Blended Mobile Learning

2009 ◽  
pp. 548-553
Author(s):  
Michelle Pieri ◽  
Davide Diamantini
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The 1960S

Pownell and Bailey (2001) identify four “technological trends” in the relationship between Information and Communication Technologies and educational environments. In the 1960s the first computers, which were very large and extremely expensive were rarely used in the educational area. They were only used to help in administration and in management. In the seventies with the arrival of the personal computer, schools in several countries, as in the United States, introduced computer basic courses to help students learn the use of this new technology. In the nineties the large-scale diffusion of Internet and the World Wide Web lead to a huge number of people who communicated through a computer mediated communication. At last in 2000, extremely small computers were sold on the market and the era of wireless connections began. These two factors in the educational field encouraged the beginning and the development of mobile learning.

scholarly journals Towards a Smart Healthcare System

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Laila Fetjah ◽  
Kebira Azbeg ◽  
Ouail Ouchetto ◽  
Said Jai Andaloussi
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Current System ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Healthcare

With the rapid development in smart medical devices, Internet of things has a large applicability in healthcare sector. The current system is based on a centralized communication with cloud servers. However, this architecture increases security and privacy risks. This paper describes an architecture of a smart healthcare system for remote patient monitoring. To ensure security and privacy, the architecture uses the Blockchain technology. For data analysis, smart contracts and artificial intelligence are used. The architecture is divided into three layers: smart medical devices layer, fog layer and cloud layer. To validate the proposed approach, a scenario based on diabetes management system is described. The architecture is applied to provide remote diabetic patients monitoring. The system could suggest treatments, generate proactive predictions and predict future complications as well as alerting physicians in case of emergency.

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