scholarly journals Investigating the Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Quit of Smokers Trying to Quit: An Evaluation of Smoking Cessation Mobile Apps (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita B Rajani ◽  
Nikolaos Mastellos ◽  
Filippos T Filippidis
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Self ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Motivation To Quit ◽  
Before And After

BACKGROUND Falling trends in the number of individuals accessing face-to-face support leaves a significant gap in treatment options for smokers seeking to quit. Face-to-face behavioural support interventions try to target the self-efficacy and motivation to quit of smokers, as these factors are associated with increased likelihood of making quit attempts and successfully quitting. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to better understand smoking cessation mobile applications by investigating if they can impact smokers’ self-efficacy and motivation to quit. Our aim is to evaluate self-efficacy and motivation to quit levels of smokers before and after the usage of smoking cessation mobile apps. METHODS Smokers seeking to quit were recruited to participate in a four-week online study. After screening, eligible participants were assigned to a mobile application (Kwit or Quit Genius). The smoking self-efficacy questionnaire and the motivation to stop smoking scale were used to measure self-efficacy and motivation to quit respectively. Both were assessed at baseline, mid-study (2 weeks) and end-study (4 weeks). Paired sample t-tests investigated differences between study timepoints, and linear regression models investigated associations with change in self-efficacy and motivation to quit between baseline and end-study. RESULTS 116 participants completed the study, with the majority being male (61%), highly employed (66%) and highly educated (75%). A large proportion of participants had low-moderate dependence on nicotine (92%). A statistically significant increase of 5.09 points (95%CI: 1.83 to 8.34) from 37.38 points at baseline in self-efficacy was found at end-study. Similarly, a statistically significant increase of 0.38 points (95%CI: 0.06 to 0.70) from 5.94 points at baseline in motivation to quit was found at end-study. Gender, age and nicotine dependence were not statistically significantly associated with change in self-efficacy and motivation to quit. CONCLUSIONS The assessed mobile apps positively impacted the self-efficacy and motivation to quit of smokers making quit attempts. This has important implications on possible future use of digitalised interventions. However, further research is needed to assess whether digital interventions could supplement or replace traditional forms of therapy.

scholarly journals Impact of Gamification on the Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Quit of Smokers: An Observational Study of Two Gamified Smoking Cessation Mobile Apps (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita B Rajani ◽  
Nikolaos Mastellos ◽  
Filippos T Filippidis
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
The Self ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Motivation To Quit ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Both the number of smokers making quit attempts and the number of smokers successfully quitting has been falling over the past years. Past studies have shown that smokers with high self-efficacy and motivation to quit have an increased likelihood of quitting and staying quit. Consequently, further research on strategies which can improve the self-efficacy and motivation of smokers seeking to quit could lead to substantially higher cessation rates. Some studies have found that gamification can positively impact cognitive components of behavioural change, including self-efficacy and motivation. However, the impact of gamification in the context of smoking cessation and mobile health has been sparsely investigated. OBJECTIVE The study aims to examine the association between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and frequency of use of gamification features embedded in smoking cessation apps on the self-efficacy and motivation to quit of smokers. METHODS Participants were assigned to use one of two mobile apps for a duration of four weeks. Online questionnaires were provided to participants before app usage, two weeks after and four weeks after they started using the app. Gamification was quantitatively operationalized based on Cugelman’s gamification framework and concepts from the technology acceptance model. Mean values of perceived frequency, ease of use and usefulness of gamification features were calculated at mid-study and end-study. Two linear regression models were performed to investigate the impact of gamification on self-efficacy and motivation to quit. RESULTS 116 participants completed the study. Mean self-efficacy increased from 37.38 to 42.47 points and motivation to quit increased from 5.94 to 6.32 points after app usage. “Goal setting” was perceived to be the most useful gamification feature whilst “sharing” was perceived to be the least useful. Participants self-reported that they used the progress dashboards the most often whilst the sharing feature the least often. Average perceived frequency of gamification features was statistically significantly associated with change in self-efficacy (β=3.35, 95% CI: 0.31 to 6.40) and change in motivation to quit (β=0.54, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.94) between baseline and end-study. CONCLUSIONS Gamification embedded into mobile apps can have positive effects on the self-efficacy and motivation to quit of smokers. The findings of the study can provide important insights for tobacco control policy makers, mobile app developers and smokers seeking to quit.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Face-To-Face ScienceReady Preparatory Short Course on University Students’ Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Jyothi Thalluri ◽  
Joy Penman ◽  
Minh Chau
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Preparatory Course ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

The ScienceReady preparatory course is an intensive study designed to improve beginning university undergraduate students’ understanding of medical/scientific concepts, and reduce their anxiety about studying the science component of their enrolled programs. Its goals are to stimulate students’ science curiosity and provide the fundamental scientific content they are expected to know and build further on the knowledge that will feature in their upcoming programs. This article aims to describe the ScienceReady course, discuss the impact of the course on the participants, determine the relationship of the course with self-efficacy, and explain the implications of the results. Students were tested before and after the course to ascertain whether it increased or decreased or not affected self-efficacy. The results of the pre- and post-test surveys were unequivocal. The majority of the individual items for the self-efficacy questionnaire showed a significant increase in self-efficacy post-course.

scholarly journals How Do Simulated Interviews Increase the Self-efficacy of Medical Students? - Quasi-experimental Research-

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuntaro Aoki ◽  
Yayoi Shikama ◽  
Kiyotaka Yasui ◽  
Yoko Moroi ◽  
Nobuo Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Simulated Patient ◽  
The Self ◽  
Medical Interview ◽  
Feedback Session ◽  
Medical Interviewing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Medical Interviews ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract Background Self-efficacy is crucial in improving medical student communication skills. This study aims to clarify whether the self-efficacy of medical students conducting medical interviews increased after simulated interviews or after feedback discussions. Methods A total of 162 medical students (109 men, 53 women) in their fourth or fifth year at a university in Japan participated in this study. The degree of self-efficacy in medical interviewing was measured before and after a medical interview with a simulated patient, and after the subsequent feedback session. Results ANOVA analysis revealed that self-efficacy for medical interviews was higher after both the interview and the feedback session than before the interview. Self-efficacy was highest after the feedback session among all three time points. Conclusions Feedback following a simulated interview with a simulated patient is important to improve the self-efficacy of medical students learning medical interviewing skills.

EFEKTIVITAS PERAWATAN MANDIRI DIBANDINGKAN KUNJUNGAN RUMAH TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN DIRI IBU MENYUSUI

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Ernani Setyawati
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Self ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Care Groups ◽  
Before And After

Background:Breastfeeding is not always easy. Mother should have high confidence to breastfeed the infant to get positive response in facing difficulties of breastfeeding. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the methods of self-care and home visit as the efforts to increase mothers’ brestfeeding self- efficacy. Methods: A comparative analytical study using quasy experimental design including 23 subject selected in the home visit group and 23  subjects in the self-care group by using consecutive sampling technique was taken place in  two hospital at Balikpapan, Indonesia. The data were then analyzed by using Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test. Results: The results  showed that mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy score before treatment in both groups ( self care =65.52; home visit =63.65) while self-efficacy score after treatment in both groups ( self care =73.39; home visit =74.91). The self-efficacy score in self care groups before and after treatment (ZW = 5.317, p>.05) in home visit groups were Zw=3.564 (p>.05). Mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy score in home visit and self care groups before treatment was ZMW = .231 (p>.05). as compared to self-efficacy score in home visit and self care groups after treatment  was ZMW = .793 (p>.05). Conclusion: The study showed that home visit method and self-care method are equally good in increasing mothers’ self-efficacy.                                                                                               Keywords: breastfeeding, home visit, self-efficacy, self care.

Determining the Effect of Two Different Approaches to Orientation on Self-Efficacy in Inexperienced Nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
John Napolitano
Keyword(s):  
Residency Program ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Nurse Residency ◽  
Efficacy Expectation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nurse Residency Program ◽  
Future Education ◽  
Newly Hired

Self-efficacy is an extensively studied, yet underutilized, indicator of the effectiveness of current education, the measurement of which could contribute to planning the direction of future education. An efficacy expectation is the conviction that one can successfully execute the behavior required to produce the outcomes (Bandura, 1977). This article presents the results of a study that compared the self-reported self-efficacy of newly hired nurses before and after a nurse residency program.

Smoking Among Participants in the Childhood Cancer Survivors Cohort: The Partnership for Health Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Emmons ◽  
Rita M. Butterfield ◽  
Elaine Puleo ◽  
Elyse R. Park ◽  
Ann Mertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Smoking Rate ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
Readiness To Quit

Purpose: This article describes baseline data collection and the intervention design of Partnership for Health, a smoking cessation intervention for smokers in the Childhood Cancer Survivors Study. The purpose of this article is to evaluate demographic, psychosocial, and cancer-related factors that are associated with smoking behavior and mediators of smoking cessation. Patients and Methods: This study includes 796 smokers from the Childhood Cancer Survivors Study database who were diagnosed with cancer before the age of 21, had survived at least 5 years, and were at least 18 years of age at the time of the baseline survey. Correlates of smoking behaviors included smoking rate, number of recent quit attempts, and nicotine dependence; two key mediators of smoking cessation, readiness to quit smoking and self-efficacy, were also assessed. Results: Participants smoked, on average, 14 cigarettes/day; 53.2% were nicotine dependent, and 58% had made at least one quit attempt in the past year. Smoking behaviors were primarily associated with demographic variables; mediators of cessation were primarily associated with age at cancer diagnosis and perceived vulnerability to smoking-related illnesses. Severity of psychologic symptoms was associated with increased smoking rate, high nicotine dependence, and low self-efficacy. Support for quitting was related to smoking rate, number of quit attempts, readiness to quit smoking, and self-efficacy. Conclusion: These findings indicate that many cancer survivors who smoke are receptive to smoking cessation interventions. Factors related to mediators of smoking cessation might be particularly good targets for intervention.

Self-efficacy and motivation to quit during participation in a smoking cessation program

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Boardman ◽  
Delwyn Catley ◽  
Matthew S. Mayo ◽  
Jasjit S. Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Smoking Cessation Program ◽  
Motivation To Quit

scholarly journals Exploratory Analyses of the Popularity and Efficacy of Four Behavioral Methods of Gradual Smoking Cessation

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2257-2261
Author(s):  
Nicola Lindson ◽  
Susan Michie ◽  
Paul Aveyard
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Smoking Reduction ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Cutting Out ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Linear Regression Modeling ◽  
Cigarette Dependence

Abstract Introduction Around half of smokers attempt to stop by cutting-down first. Evidence suggests that this results in similar quit rates to abrupt quitting. Evidence for the effectiveness and popularity of different gradual cessation methods is sparse. Methods Secondary, exploratory, analyses of a randomized trial of gradual versus abrupt smoking cessation. Gradual participants (N = 342) chose between four methods of cutting-down over 2 weeks: cutting-out the easiest cigarettes first (HR-E); cutting-out the most difficult cigarettes first (HR-D); smoking on an increasing time schedule (SR); and not smoking during particular periods (SFP). Nicotine replacement therapy and behavioral support were provided before and after quit day. We used logistic and linear regression modeling to test whether the method chosen was associated with smoking reduction, quit attempts, and abstinence, while adjusting for potential confounders. Results Participants were on average 49 years old, smoked 20 cigarettes per day, and had a Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence score of 6. 14.9% (51/342) chose HR-E, 2.1% (7/342) HR-D, 46.2% (158/342) SFP, and 36.8% (126/342) SR. We found no evidence of adjusted or unadjusted associations between method and successful 75% reduction in cigarette consumption, reduction in percentage cigarettes per day or exhaled carbon monoxide, quit attempts, or abstinence at 4-week or 6-month follow-up. Conclusions Future research and practice could focus more heavily on the SR and SFP methods as these appeared notably more popular than HR. There was substantial imprecision in the efficacy data, which should be treated with caution; however, none of the gradual cessation methods showed clear evidence of being more efficacious than others. Implications There is evidence that people who would like to quit smoking gradually should be supported to do so. However, as this is relatively new thinking and there is large potential for variation in methods, guidance on the best way to offer support is sparse. This article is an exploratory analysis of the popularity and efficacy of various methods in an attempt to move the topic forward and inform the implementation of gradual smoking cessation methods in practice. The identified popularity of some methods over others signposts directions for future research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document