scholarly journals Refinement of a Parent-Child Shared Asthma Management mHealth App: Human Centered Design Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sonney ◽  
Emily (Enubi) Cho ◽  
Qiming Zheng ◽  
Julie A. Kientz
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Child Engagement ◽  
Parent Child

BACKGROUND The school-age years, approximately ages seven through eleven, represent a natural transition when children begin assuming some responsibility for their asthma management. Previously, we designed a theoretically-derived, tailored parent-child shared asthma management mHealth application (app), Improving Asthma Care Together (IMPACT). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to use human centered design (HCD) to refine IMPACT to ensure that a developmentally appropriate, engaging app emerged. METHODS This study used a mixed methods design from December 2019 through April 2021. Our app refinement used the HCD process of research, ideation, design, evaluation, and implementation, including six cycles of design and evaluation. The design and evaluation cycles focused on core app functionality, child engagement, and overall refinement. Evaluation with parent-child dyads entailed in-person and remote concept testing and usability testing sessions, after which rapid cycle thematic analyses identified key insights that informed future design refinement. RESULTS Twelve parent-child dyads enrolled in at least one round of this study. Eight of the 12 child participants were male with a mean age of 9.9 + 1.6 years and all parent participants were female. Throughout evaluation cycles, dyads selected preferred app layouts, gamification concepts, and overall features with a final design prototype emerging for full-scale development and implementation. CONCLUSIONS A theoretically-derived, evidence-based shared asthma management app was co-designed with end users to address real-world pain points and priorities. An eight-week pilot testing app feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy is forthcoming.

scholarly journals Design and Evaluation of a Crowdsourcing Precision Agriculture Mobile Application for Lambsquarters, Mission LQ

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1951
Author(s):  
Brianna B. Posadas ◽  
Mamatha Hanumappa ◽  
Kim Niewolny ◽  
Juan E. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Design Protocol

Precision agriculture is highly dependent on the collection of high quality ground truth data to validate the algorithms used in prescription maps. However, the process of collecting ground truth data is labor-intensive and costly. One solution to increasing the collection of ground truth data is by recruiting citizen scientists through a crowdsourcing platform. In this study, a crowdsourcing platform application was built using a human-centered design process. The primary goals were to gauge users’ perceptions of the platform, evaluate how well the system satisfies their needs, and observe whether the classification rate of lambsquarters by the users would match that of an expert. Previous work demonstrated a need for ground truth data on lambsquarters in the D.C., Maryland, Virginia (DMV) area. Previous social interviews revealed users who would want a citizen science platform to expand their skills and give them access to educational resources. Using a human-centered design protocol, design iterations of a mobile application were created in Kinvey Studio. The application, Mission LQ, taught people how to classify certain characteristics of lambsquarters in the DMV and allowed them to submit ground truth data. The final design of Mission LQ received a median system usability scale (SUS) score of 80.13, which indicates a good design. The classification rate of lambsquarters was 72%, which is comparable to expert classification. This demonstrates that a crowdsourcing mobile application can be used to collect high quality ground truth data for use in precision agriculture.

scholarly journals Towards Excellence in Asthma Management: Final Report of an Eight-Year Program Aimed at Reducing Care Gaps in Asthma Management in Quebec

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 302-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-Philippe Boulet ◽  
Eileen Dorval ◽  
Manon Labrecque ◽  
Michel Turgeon ◽  
Terrence Montague ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Care Gaps ◽  
Care System

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Asthma care in Canada and around the world persistently falls short of optimal treatment. To optimize care, a systematic approach to identifying such shortfalls or ‘care gaps’, in which all stakeholders of the health care system (including patients) are involved, was proposed.METHODS: Several projects of a multipartner, multidisciplinary disease management program, developed to optimize asthma care in Quebec, was conducted in a period of eight years. First, two population maps were produced to identify regional variations in asthma-related morbidity and to prioritize interventions for improving treatment. Second, current care was evaluated in a physician-patient cohort, confirming the many care gaps in asthma management. Third, two series of peer-reviewed outcome studies, targeting high-risk populations and specific asthma care gaps, were conducted. Finally, a process to integrate the best interventions into the health care system and an agenda for further research on optimal asthma management were proposed.RESULTS: Key observations from these studies included the identification of specific patterns of noncompliance in using inhaled corticosteroids, the failure of increased access to spirometry in asthma education centres to increase the number of education referrals, the transient improvement in educational abilities of nurses involved with an asthma hotline telephone service, and the beneficial effects of practice tools aimed at facilitating the assessment of asthma control and treatment needs by general practitioners.CONCLUSIONS: Disease management programs such as Towards Excellence in Asthma Management can provide valuable information on optimal strategies for improving treatment of asthma and other chronic diseases by identifying care gaps, improving guidelines implementation and optimizing care.

Characterizing Competencies for Human-Centered Design

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kramer ◽  
Alice M. Agogino ◽  
Celeste Roschuni
Keyword(s):  
Core Competencies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Research Interviews

Employees and employers alike increasingly value human-centered design, as it can drive innovation across a wide range of industries. With the growing interest in understanding human-centered design processes as they apply in different professions, there is a rising need to recognize the specific competencies necessary to perform these jobs well. Though there is a body of research on how people discover, create, and use design methods, there is a lack of understanding of what core competencies are necessary for people to apply these methods. Previous interactions with target users of theDesignExchange, an interactive community-driven portal to support design researchers and practitioners, have demonstrated a desire for increased awareness of the competencies required for employability and for successful design practice. This paper reports on a portion of an expansive competency-finding project aimed at identifying the core set of competencies that human-centered design practitioners need and employers seek. In this paper, we present our lists of cultivated mindsets, specialized disciplinary skills, contextualized tasks, and basic skills in human-centered design. These lists represent a first pass at identifying the essential and underlying competencies a practicing or aspiring human-centered designer must have in order to perform their current or future design tasks. The work we present in this paper serves as a preliminary starting point for future research interviews with design practitioners and employers, as we seek to understand human-centered design competencies.

scholarly journals Outcomes measurement for asthma following acute presentation to an emergency department

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Masters ◽  
Sonj E Hall ◽  
Martin Phillips ◽  
Duncan Boldy
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Clinical Pathways ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Outcomes Measurement ◽  
Acute Presentation ◽  
Asthma Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

The Asthma Management Plan (AMP) was developed by the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand in 1989to provide a more uniform approach to asthma care, aimed at reducing mortality, morbidity and emergencypresentations. The AMP is often supplemented with Asthma Clinical Pathways (CPs) within the emergencydepartment and hospital setting.This study was designed to evaluate the impact of these two instruments on asthma outcomes one month afterpresentation to the emergency department. The AMP and CP were both found to have had positive influences onasthma management. However, the study illustrates that there continue to be problems with asthma management,which would be improved by a more consistent use of these instruments.

scholarly journals Smart bionic graspers: background study and design process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinrui Li ◽  
Mahmoud Chizari
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Virtual Prototype ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Diamond Model ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Element Approach ◽  
Double Diamond ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

ABSTRACTThis paper has focused on reviewing passive bionic grasper and designing a virtual prototype using a computer modelling technique. The main aim of this study is to review existing research and compare their functionalities. This has been followed by introducing a concept design with suitable components. To start the project, generating a clear overview form the most updated and relative knowledge and information on existing designs was the intention of the study. The concept design part of this study uses an iterative process (similar to the Double Diamond Model introduced by Frances et al (2019)) including Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver to complete the design components. Following the concept design process, the detailed theoretical considerations and the features of components selection were then defined. In Develop Phase, the goal was to decide the final design and generate the computer model using SolidWorks. The fourth phase of process was Delivery leading the design evaluation and validation of the generated model or virtual prototype. By completing the process, it is possible to determine the feasibility of the design and the need for improvement. In final stage of the design, a finite element approach using SolidWorks Simulation was performed on the concept. Final design was decided after comparing the concepts in terms of several considerations. A series of simulations were performed on the design to evaluate the durability of the design and extend its functionality. The results showed that the supporting pad was robust enough when dropped down from 1.5 meters height, while the hinge which connecting the finger straps would need further improvement to avoid failure during its practical loading.

Increasing Engagement of Children Who Are DHH During Parent–Child Storybook Reading

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Lauri H. Nelson ◽  
Shannon M. Stoddard ◽  
Sydney L. Fryer ◽  
Karen Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Storybook Reading ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Effective Reading Strategies ◽  
Child Engagement ◽  
Parent Child

Children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) are at risk for language and literacy delays, and parent–child book reading can contribute to developing early literacy foundations. Although many parents read with their children, some parents may be unsure how to utilize effective reading strategies to maximize literacy growth. This multiple case pilot study involved four mothers of preschool-age children with hearing loss who used listening and spoken language (LSL) as their mode of communication. After a short training session on strategies to promote child engagement and increased child interaction during storybook reading, results showed parents increased their use of engaging questions, along with a statistically significant increase in each child’s expressive contribution to the reading activity. Retention data indicated sustained parent reading behaviors that promoted child engagement. Providing parents with supported training may help parents implement effective reading strategies to promote literacy growth in young children who are DHH.

scholarly journals Understanding Parental Ethnotheories and Practices About Healthy Eating: Exploring the Developmental Niche of Preschoolers

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Srivastava ◽  
Julia Torquati ◽  
Maria Rosario T. de Guzman ◽  
Dipti A. Dev
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Parental Practices ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Developmental Niche ◽  
Parental Ethnotheories ◽  
Child Engagement ◽  
Parent Child

Purpose: To understand parental ethnotheories (ie, belief systems) and practices about preschoolers’ healthy eating guided by the developmental niche framework. Design: Qualitative hermeneutic phenomenology. Setting: Home. Participants: Participants were 20 parents of preschool-age children ages 3 to 5 years, recruited from a quantitative investigation. A majority of the participants were white, female, married, well educated, and working full time. Methods: Participants who completed the quantitative survey were asked to provide their contact information if they were willing to be interviewed. From the pool of participants who expressed their willingness to participate in the interviews, 20 participants were selected using a random number generator. In-person semistructured interviews were conducted until data saturation (n = 20). Thematic analysis was performed. Results: Three themes and 6 subthemes emerged: theme 1—parental ethnotheories about healthy eating included subthemes of knowledge about healthy eating, motivations to promote healthy child development through healthy eating, and sources of knowledge about healthy eating (eg, doctors, social media, government guidelines, positive family-of-origin experiences); theme 2—parental ethnotheories that supported organization of children’s physical and social settings included structured mealtime routines and food socialization influences (eg, grandparents, siblings, and childcare programs); and theme 3—parental ethnotheories that supported children’s learning about healthy eating included parent–child engagement, communication, and encouragement in food-related activities (eg, meal preparation, visiting farmer’s market, grocery shopping, gardening, cooking, baking). Conclusion: Findings advance the literature on parental practices about healthy eating. Parental ethnotheories (eg, beliefs, motivations, knowledge, and skills) matter. Developmental niche of preschoolers (ie, physical and social settings, childrearing practices, and parental ethnotheories) constitutes an interactive system in which ethnotheories serve as guides to parental practices. Fostering nutrition education and parent–child engagement, communication, and encouragement in food-related activities are recommended to promote children’s healthy eating in daily routines.

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