On-Line Monitoring of Nitrate and Nitrite by UV Spectrophotometry in a SBR Process Used for the Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Bouvier ◽  
Meriem Bekri ◽  
Djalel Mazouni ◽  
Olivier Schoefs ◽  
Jérôme Harmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Time Consumption ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

The objective is the adaptation of an existing UV spectrophotometer for the on-line monitoring of nitrate, nitrite and soluble COD during cycles of SBRs. An on-line filtering system was also developed in order to provide particle-free fluids to the sensor. The modified UV-spectrophotometer sensor (called "STAC") was implemented into a pilot-scale bioreactor at INRA-Narbonne, treating a semi-synthetic dairy wastewater. After a calibration and validation steps, results obtained during five months have shown that the on-line spectrophotometer sensor was able to efficiently monitor on-line nitrate, nitrite in SBR content. Ranges of detection were between 0 to 40 mg/L for nitrate and 0 to 18 mg/L for nitrite, with an accuracy of about 10 %. The on-line estimation of soluble COD was less efficient. The major drawback was the time-consumption for the cleaning of the homemade on-line filter.

scholarly journals Efficiently Building On-line Tools for Distributed Heterogeneous Environments

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Günther Rackl ◽  
Thomas Ludwig ◽  
Markus Lindermeier ◽  
Alexandros Stamatakis
Keyword(s):  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Software Development ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
On Line

Software development is getting more and more complex, especially within distributed middleware-based environments. A major drawback during the overall software development process is the lack of on-line tools, i.e. tools applied as soon as there is a running prototype of an application. The MIMO MIddleware MOnitor provides a solution to this problem by implementing a framework for an efficient development of on-line tools. This paper presents a methodology for developing on-line tools with MIMO. As an example scenario, we choose a distributed medical image reconstruction application, which represents a test case with high performance requirements. Our distributed, CORBA-based application is instrumented for being observed with MIMO and related tools. Additionally, load balancing mechanisms are integrated for further performance improvements. As a result, we obtain an integrated tool environment for observing and steering the image reconstruction application. By using our rapid tool development process, the integration of on-line tools shows to be very convenient and enables an efficient tool deployment.

Immersed Membrane BioReactor (IMBR) for treatment of combined domestic and dairy wastewater in an isolated farm

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bick ◽  
J.G.P. Tuttle ◽  
S. Shandalov ◽  
G. Oron
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Permeate Flux

In many regions dairy farms and milk processing industries discharge large quantities of their wastes to the surroundings posing serious environmental risks. This problem is mostly faced in small dairy farms and isolated communities lacking both central collection and conventional wastewater treatment systems. Dairy wastewater is characterized by high concentrations of organic matter, solids, nutrients, as well as fractions of dissolved inorganic pollutants, exceeding those levels considered typical for high strength domestic wastewaters. With the purpose of treating the combined dairy and domestic wastewater from a small dairy farm in the Negev Desert of Israel, the use of a recent emerging technology of Immersed Membrane BioReactor (IMBR) was evaluated over the course of 500 test hours, under a variety of wastewater feed quality conditions (during the test periods, the feed BOD5 ranged from 315 ppm up to 4,170 ppm). The overall performance of a pilot-scale Ultrafiltration (UF) IMBR process for a combined domestic and dairy wastewater was analyzed based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The IMBR performance in terms of membrane performance (permeate flux, transmembrane pressure, and organic removal) and DEA model (Technical Efficiency) was acceptable. DEA is an empirically based methodology and the research approach has been found to be effective in the depiction and analysis for complex systems, where a large number of mutual interacting variables are involved.

scholarly journals Predicting the performance uncertainty of a 1-MW pilot-scale carbon capture system after hierarchical laboratory-scale calibration and validation

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Xu ◽  
Canhai Lai ◽  
Peter William Marcy ◽  
Jean-François Dietiker ◽  
Tingwen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Scale Calibration ◽  
Performance Uncertainty

scholarly journals A Simple Automated Method for the Determination of Nitrate and Nitrite in Infant Formula and Milk Powder Using Sequential Injection Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Pistón ◽  
Alicia Mollo ◽  
Moisés Knochen
Keyword(s):  
Milk Powder ◽  
Sequential Injection Analysis ◽  
Sequential Injection ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Nitrate Determination ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
User Friendly

A fast and efficient automated method using a sequential injection analysis (SIA) system, based on the Griess, reaction was developed for the determination of nitrate and nitrite in infant formulas and milk powder. The system enables to mix a measured amount of sample (previously constituted in the liquid form and deproteinized) with the chromogenic reagent to produce a colored substance whose absorbance was recorded. For nitrate determination, an on-line prereduction step was added by passing the sample through a Cd minicolumn. The system was controlled from a PC by means of a user-friendly program. Figures of merit include linearity (r2> 0.999 for both analytes), limits of detection (0.32 mg kg-1NO3-N, and 0.05 mg kg-1NO2-N), and precision (sr%) 0.8–3.0. Results were statistically in good agreement with those obtained with the reference ISO-IDF method. The sampling frequency was 30 hour-1(nitrate) and 80 hour-1(nitrite) when performed separately.

scholarly journals On-line liquid quench sampling and UV-Vis spectroscopy for tar measurements in wood gasification process gases

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Edinger
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
On Line ◽  
Process Gases ◽  
Analytical Tools

In biomass gasification processes, the formation and handling of tars are of major concern. Robust and versatile analytical tools are needed to on-line monitor tar compound concentrations in process gases from lab- to industrial scale. This study addresses the development and application of an on-line UV-Vis method, based on a liquid quench sampling system. The high sensitivity of this method allows to detect UV-Vis active tar compounds in the low ppmv region. Recorded spectra from the liquid phase were analyzed for their tar composition by means of a classical least squares (CLS) and partial least squares (PLS) approach. The developed method was applied to two case studies, involving a lab-scale tar reformer and a pilot-scale gas scrubber. Quantification results in gases with limited complexity in tar composition showed good agreement with off-line reference methods (GC-FID). The case studies show that the developed method is a rapid, sensitive tool that can be applied for qualitative process monitoring with the added benefit of quantification in gases with a limited number of tar compounds.

Nutrient sensor based real-time on-line process control of a wastewater treatment plant using recirculation

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Balslev ◽  
A. Lynggaard-Jensen ◽  
C. Nickelsen
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Process ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

A new generation of sensors for on-line measurement of nitrate, ammonium and phosphorus has been used for process control in a pilot-scale plant. The pilot plant is designed for nitrogen removal using the recirculation principle for pre-denitrification. It has been shown that the supply of oxygen and recirculation of activated sludge to the denitrification tank can be controlled directly by a simple control routine using an on-line measurement of nitrate and ammonium in the aeration tank. There is potential for implementing biological phosphorus removal, when the level of nitrate in the recirculated sludge can be monitored on-line.

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