Effectiveness and safety of oral care products

The article presents the classification of the main antiseptic chemotherapeutic active substances used in personal oral care products. The efficiency and safety of active ingredients of toothpastes and rinses was analyzed. The review of literature sour-ces on the clinical effectiveness of the combination of amine fluoride with tin fluoride in the prevention of plaque formation and inflammatory processes of the oral cavity is presented.

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TOXICOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN PESTICIDES USED IN THE SYSTEM OF STRAWBERRIES CHEMICAL PROTECTION. REVIEW

Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) ◽

10.32345/2664-4738.1-2.2017.15 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1-2) ◽

pp. 106-112

Author(s):

T.I. Zinchenko

Keyword(s):

First Integral ◽

Inhalation Toxicity ◽

Active Ingredients ◽

Hazard Class ◽

Toxicological Evaluation ◽

Toxicological Assessment ◽

Chemical Protection ◽

Active Substances

Relevance. The strawberries are consumed mostly fresh, that is why the toxicological assessment of chemical protection formulations applied on strawberries is compulsory before its entering the market. Objective: toxicological characteristics of modern pesticides used in the system of strawberries chemical protection. Materials and methods. Aktara 25 WG, inc., Switch 62.5 WG, Force 1.5 G, G, Nuprid 600 TN, and Torero SC pesticide preparations containing thiamethoxam, cyprodinil, fludioxonil, tefluthrin, imidacloprid, methamitron, and ethofumezate were the materials of the toxicological evaluation conducted according to the data of literary and official Internet sources. Results. A analysis of the literature on the toxic properties of the studied pesticides and its active ingredients used to protect strawberries has been carried out and the classes of hazard were established according to the current Ukrainian hygienic classification of pesticides. Conclusion. Switch 62.5 WG, Force 1.5 G, G, Nuprid 600 TN, and Torero SC pesticide preparations and fludioxonil, cyprodinil and metamitron active ingredients are classified according to acute inhalation toxicity as limiting criterion to the second integral hazard class (moderately hazardous), and Aktara 25 WG, preparation and thiamethoxam – to third integral hazard class (hazardous), active substances imidacloprid, tefluthrin, ethofumezate – to the first integral hazard class (extremely hazardous).

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Use of photodynamic therapy for photodamage skin (review of literature)

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2019-1-7(382)-19-23 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (7) ◽

pp. 19-23

Author(s):

S. I. Surkichin ◽

N. V. Gryazeva ◽

L. S. Kholupova ◽

N. V. Bochkova

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Light Sources ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Photosensitizing Agents ◽

Selection Of

The article provides an overview of the use of photodynamic therapy for photodamage of the skin. The causes, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of skin photodamage are considered. The definition, principle of action of photodynamic therapy, including the sources of light used, the classification of photosensitizers and their main characteristics are given. Analyzed studies that show the effectiveness and comparative evaluation in the selection of various light sources and photosensitizing agents for photodynamic therapy in patients with clinical manifestations of photodamage.

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Drugs, Active Ingredients and Diseases Database in Spanish. Augmenting the Resources for Analyses on Drug–Illness Interactions

Data ◽

10.3390/data6010003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Irene López-Rodríguez ◽

César F. Reyes-Manzano ◽

Israel Reyes-Ramírez ◽

Tania J. Contreras-Uribe ◽

Lev Guzmán-Vargas

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Near Field ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Active Ingredients ◽

Field Exposure ◽

Essential Information ◽

Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽

Active Substances

Quantitative and qualitative data on active-ingredient drug composition are essential information for characterizing near-field exposure of consumers to product-related chemicals, among other things. Equally as important is the characterization of the relationship between one or many active ingredients in terms of the diseases they are prescribed for. Such evaluations, however, require quantitative information at different anatomical levels. To complement the available sources of information on active substances and diseases, we have designed a database with enough versatility to potentially be used in a variety of analyzes. By using information provided by a well-established online pharmacological dictionary, we present a database with 11 tables which are easy to access and manipulate. Specifically, we present datasets containing the details of 12,827 marketed drug products, 40,164 diseases, 6231 active pharmaceutical ingredients and 4093 side effects. We exemplify the usefulness of our database with three simple visualizations, which confirm the importance of the data for quantifying the complexity in the associations among active substances, diseases and side effects. Although there are databases with detailed information on active substances and diseases, none of them can be found in Spanish. Our work presents an option that contributes substantially to obtaining well classified information in order to evaluate the roles of active pharmaceutical ingredients, diseases and side effects. These datasets also provide information about clinical and pharmacological groupings which may be useful for clinical and academic researchers. The database will be regularly updated and extended with the newly available Virtual Medicinal Products.

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Lymphoepithelial Cyst of Tonsil

International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1175 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 28-30

Author(s):

Kavita Rao ◽

NS Priya ◽

Lakshmi Shantharam ◽

KG Somashekara

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Male Patient ◽

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Cystic Lesion ◽

Lymphoepithelial Cyst ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Tissue Interactions ◽

Head Neck ◽

Lymphoepithelial Lesions

ABSTRACT The tissue interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme are few of the events which result in pathological processes. One such interaction of epithelium and lymphoid tissue may result in lymphoepithelial lesions in the oral cavity. Lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) is a rare developmental cystic lesion of the oral cavity with various histogenetic implications. Documented cases of LEC of the tonsil are low in number in the literature. We are hereby reporting a case of LEC of the tonsil in a male patient with review of literature. How to cite this article Somashekara KG, Priya NS, Rao K, Shantharam L. Lymphoepithelial Cyst of Tonsil. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):28-30.

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Primary Oral Malignant Melanoma: Two Case Reports and Review of Literature

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2012/975358 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Neeraj Sharma

Keyword(s):

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Early Detection ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Case Reports ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Oral Region ◽

Rare Neoplasm ◽

Oral Malignant Melanoma

Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a rare neoplasm. The tumors tend to metastasize or locally invade tissue more readily than other malignant tumors in the oral region. The survival of patients with mucosal melanomas is less than for those with cutaneous melanomas. Tumor size and metastases are related to the prognosis of the disease. Early detection, therefore, is important.

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CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF ORAL CAVITY AND PHARYNX (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)

Bukovinian Medical Herald ◽

10.24061/2413-0737.xxi.2.82.2.2017.80 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (2 (82) p.2) ◽

pp. 153-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T.V. Protsak ◽

O.S. Zabrodska ◽

K.A. Pantsiuk ◽

K.I. Yakovets

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Review Of Literature

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Microbiological aspects in conservative treatment of generalized periodontitis using autotrombocytic mass

International Journal on Integrated Education ◽

10.31149/ijie.v3i12.919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

pp. 206-209

Author(s):

Turaeva F.A.

Keyword(s):

Conservative Treatment ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Immune Status ◽

Pathological Process ◽

The Body ◽

Primary Factor ◽

Normal Microflora ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

Microbiological Aspects

The primary factor causing periodontal damage is plaque bacteria. The etiological structure of infectious processes in the last decade has changed significantly, due to the constant evolution of microbes and the involvement of opportunistic microbes in the pathological process, which can act as commensals in the normal microflora and manifest their pathogenicity with a decrease in the body's immune status. Inflammatory processes in the oral cavity are sometimes an endogenous infection caused by the resident flora of not only the oral cavity, but also other ecosystems of the body.

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Risk Assessment of Malakite with the Active Substances Dithianon and Pyrimenthanil

European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety ◽

10.9734/ejnfs/2019/v9i430075 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 312-314

Author(s):

Torsten Källqvist ◽

Merete Grung ◽

Katrine Borgå ◽

Hubert Dirven ◽

Ole Martin Eklo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Concentration Addition ◽

Active Ingredients ◽

Active Substances ◽

Assessment Factor

The plant protection product Malakite (BAS 669 01 F), containing the active substances dithianon and pyrimethanil, is a fungicide against scab in pome fruits. Products containing these active plant protection substances are approved in Norway, but not with both substances in the same product. The Swedish Chemicals Agency (KemI) has as zonal Rapporteur Member State (zRMS) of the Northern Zone evaluated the product Malakite and decided on non-approval due to the observation of unacceptable effects in exposed birds, aquatic organisms, non-target arthropods and earthworms. On request from The Norwegian Food Safety Authority, the VKM Panel on Plant Protection Products has discussed the available data and the report prepared by KemI, and has concluded as follows on the questions raised: On the refinement of DT50 in long term risk assessment for birds: It is the view of the VKM panel that the refinement is not acceptable because the analysis using first order kinetics seems not in line with a realistic and sufficiently conservative approach for the data provided. Furthermore, field studies from more sites are required. On the long term cumulative effects of the active substances on birds: VKM shares the view of KemI, that the combined sub-lethal and reproduction effects should be assessed because the mode of action of the two ingredients has only been shown in fungi, and since the mechanisms in birds could be different. On the reduction of assessment factor for fish: VKM opposes to the reduction of assessment factor for dithianon in fish because the data from acute toxicity tests cannot be extrapolated to chronic toxicity, and because the factor should reflect not only the variation in interspecies sensitivity, but also the uncertainty involved in extrapolation from laboratory tests to the field situation. On the choice of end point in risk assessment for fish: The VKM panel considers the NOEC of dithianon for fish determined from the study at pH 7.9 not to be adequate for the more acidic Norwegian surface waters, and recommends using the data from the test performed at pH 6.5. On the formulation studies for aquatic organisms: It is the opinion of the VKM panel that the formulation studies may be used together with corresponding studies with the active ingredients as long as the studies compared are performed and evaluated according to the same principles. However, VKM notes that the formulation tests as well as the tests of the active ingredients have been performed at high pH values, which are not representative to most Norwegian surface waters. Thus, the toxic effect of dithianon shown in these tests are likely to be lower than expected under typical conditions in Norway. On the assessment factors for concentration addition in fish: It is the opinion of the VKM panel that a reduction in assessment factor for one component in a mixture cannot be used for a formulation containing components for which a similar reduction has not been accepted. On effect studies of active substances and formulations on non-target arthropods: The VKM panel shares the view of KemI that the risk assessment should be based on all available information, including the studies presented for the active substances. On the endpoint in earthworm risk assessment: VKM supports the view of KemI that the observed effects of pyrimethanil on reproduction of earthworms should be considered in the risk assessment of Malakite.

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