scholarly journals Global trade and health: an Indonesian perspective on the asean medical device directive policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nurul Hidayati ◽  
Dedy Almasdy ◽  
Abdi Setya Putra
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Compulsory Licensing ◽  
Parallel Import ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Strategic Issue ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Document Review

Purpose: Health care equipment international trade could serve a new strategic revenue for Indonesia. Since its implementation in 2015, AFTA has been a very strategic issue in creating export opportunities for its member countries. One of the sectors that becomes a priority for ASEAN integration is in the field of medical devices which is regulated in the ASEAN Medical Device Directive (AMDD) policy. Indonesia itself has officially ratified AMDD policy since 2018, but Indonesia will have been facing the problem of quality, innovation and diversification of medical devices. This study examines the competitiveness opportunities for domestic medical devices in ASEAN Free Trade Area. Method: This study used a qualitative method where information was obtained from in-depth interviews and document review. The informants came from policy makers, implementing officers, and stakeholders. Results: Indonesia has harmonized 26 out of 31 standards mandated by AMDD. Conformity assessment bodies in Indonesia that have been certified by the National Accreditation Committee have received international recognition. Indonesia has many potential exporting innovative medical devices to ASEAN countries. Fulfillment of medical devices is carried out through compulsory licensing and parallel import mechanism.

scholarly journals The ASEAN WITHOUT A CUSTOMS UNION OR A SINGLE MARKET CONSEQUENCES OF THE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY BLUEPRINT 2025

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-127
Author(s):  
Moh Firstananto Jerusalem
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Market Economic ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Asean Economic Community

Abstract In the ASEAN Economic Community blueprint 2015 the term “single market” was used as a goal of economic community. Theoretically, single market is a level of economic integration after customs union. Under that blueprint, customs union could have a chance to be established as a necessary prerequisite for single market. However, the new blueprint 2025 does not adopt single market concept anymore. Different terms have been introduced namely “integrated and cohesive economy” and “unified market”. This article aims at assessing economic integration concept adopted in the ASEAN Economic Community blueprint by utilizing content analysis. It will review the change of concept by employing economic integration theory in order to indicate the direction of economic community goal. The finding is that the change of terms reflects the change of concept. As a result, ASEAN Economic Community will have a different direction in pursuing economic integration. Therefore, under the new blueprint ASEAN will not proceed to customs union and single market. However, it will remain at free trade area level of economic integration. In addition, ASEAN will not be a close trade block but tend to be an open regionalism in relation to non-ASEAN countries or regions. Keywords: ASEAN Economic Community, Customs Union, Single Market, Economic Integration, Open Regionalism.

Asean and EC-1992

1990 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Jacques Pelkmans
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Intermediate Inputs ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Internal Instability ◽  
Growth Constraints ◽  
Asean Countries

ASEAN, the Association of South East Asian Nations, comprises the fastest growing countries of the world economy. Apart from including the only NIE (newly industrialising economy), not having encountered domestic political or social growth constraints—Singapore, with 11 per cent real growth in 1988, 9.2 per cent in 1989 and 10 per cent, first quarter 1990—it consists of recent record holder Thailand (with growth rates above 10 per cent for three years), Malaysia (growth in the 7 per cent—9 per cent range), Indonesia (recent growth 6–7 per cent), Philippines (oscillating growth due to internal instability) and Brunei (an oil-exporting sultanate). The ASEAN countries do not owe their growth to the integration of ASEAN countries into a free trade area, a customs union or a common market. Intra-group trade liberalisation and economic cooperation are still modest. These growth marvels owe their performance to exports, especially to the OECD countries. The quality and very high growth rates of exports were and still are fostered by foreign investment and imports of intermediate inputs from the target markets.

scholarly journals The Effect of ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) on Indonesia Export

ETIKONOMI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Indriyani Indriyani
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Panel Data Model ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Asean Countries

ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) is an agreement between the members of ASEAN and China to create a free trade area by removing tariff and non-tariff barriers. This agreement begins with the signing of the agreement on November 5, 2002 in Phnom Penh. Implementation is done in phases beginning January 1, 2004. The purpose of this study determines the effect of the implementation of ACFTA on Indonesia's exports to the ASEAN countries and China. This study complements previous research regarding the ACFTA. The data used in this study are the data of Indonesian exports to ASEAN countries and China for 15 years from 2000 until 2014. The tests were conducted with a fixed effect panel data model with cross section SUR. The results of this study indicate that the ACFTA increase Indonesian exports to the ASEAN countries and China.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v15i2.3331

scholarly journals Assessing Cost of Quality in a Medical Device Division of a Training Hospital: A Case Study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jabarbeigi ◽  
Roohollah Kalhor ◽  
Sima Rafiei ◽  
Fariba Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Due Dates ◽  
Cost Of Quality ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Document Review

Background: Cost of Quality is an approach that helps organizations evaluate the extent to which their resources are used to prevent poor quality activities, assess the quality of provided services, or evaluate the number of resources that are wasted due to the internal and external failures occurring in a system. The research objective was to measure the Cost of Quality(CoQ) in a medical device division of a hospital in Qazvin, Iran. Methods: We performed a qualitative study in the medical device division in a public hospital affiliated with Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2020. To measure and report the (CoQ) in the division, the Prevention-Appraisal-Failure (PAF) model was used. Data were collected through document review, semi-structured interview, and group discussion, which were entered into the Excel software to calculate their distribution and frequencies using the descriptive statistics method. Results: Among different cost categories, the highest amount of expenditures belonged to internal and external failure costs. Results also revealed that several factors were responsible for the failures, including lack of knowledge of personnel about the proper use of medical devices; failure to periodically perform calibration on due dates; lack of adequate supervision; stress and work pressure among employees; and lack of managerial commitment toward the importance of preventive maintenance. Conclusion: In order to decrease the number of failures occurring in a working system, it is required to increase personnel's knowledge about the proper use of medical devices, perform calibration of devices on due dates, increase managerial commitment toward preventive and quality appraisal activities and apply systematic supervision.

scholarly journals Indonesia dan Persaingan di Era Asean Economic Community

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra Maujana Saragih
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
Systemic Impact ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Asean Economic Community

Abstract This paper focusing on looking at Indonesia's readiness to deal with the Era of the Economic Community in ASEAN with the urgency that Indonesia's preparations should have a systemic impact on Indonesia's economic growth. The socialization that has been carried out continues and continues to be inflated by every child of the nation so as not to lose compete and be swallowed by the existence of regional countries that really use ASEAN Economic Community as a positive and constructive economic opportunity for each ASEAN member country officially. ASEAN Economic Community is one form of Free Trade Area (FTA) and located in Southeast Asia .ASEAN Economic Community which is formed with a mission to make the economy in ASEAN to be better and able to compete with countries whose economy is more advanced than the condition of ASEAN countries currently. The realization of ASEAN Economic Community, can make ASEAN a more strategic position in the international arena. Researchers expect that with the realization of the ASEAN economic community can open the eyes of all parties, resulting in an inter-sectoral dialogue that will also complement each other among the stakeholders of the economic sector in ASEAN countries and this is very inherent formally. Keywords: Competition, Free Trade Area, Opportunity, Challenge

AIIB may not close ASEAN infrastucture gap

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Area ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Asean Countries

Subject ASEAN core countries and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. Significance The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) plans to begin lending in early 2016. Three ASEAN countries -- Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines -- have not signed the bank's articles of agreement, despite their infrastructure development needs. These needs will grow as ASEAN integrates, for instance via the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) free trade area from end-2015. Impacts Should Manila reject the AIIB, this will create an opening for further Japanese support of Philippines infrastructure. Early credibility among lenders could lead to the AIIB's rapid expansion in Asia. Until then, established development lenders will dominate -- the AIIB is untested.

Amicus Curiae Intervention in China-ASEAN Investment Disputes: Rationale, Dilemmas and Reform Path

China Report ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-168
Author(s):  
Xinglong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Amicus Curiae ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Economic Partnership ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Dispute Settlement System ◽  
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership ◽  
Main Criticism ◽  
Investment Agreements

One main criticism levelled against the investor-state dispute settlement system (ISDS) is the existence of limited opportunities for amicus intervention. Against this backdrop, this article firstly studies what reforms regarding amicus intervention in ISDS proceedings have been put forward by China and ASEAN countries and the relevant dilemmas. Subsequently, to ensure that maximum benefits can be realised from amicus participation in ISDS proceedings in China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (CAFTA), this article proposes procedures for when and how an amicus may participate in arbitral proceedings under the upcoming investment agreements, particularly the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Additionally, given the fact that the level of amicus participation in ISDS proceedings is still limited, the article suggests that China and ASEAN need to establish safeguards to provide amici with access to key arbitral documents and oral hearings. However, achieving the above objectives should not come at the expense of undermining the confidential and protected information of both disputing parties.

scholarly journals ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), Otonomi Daerah dan Daya Saing Perdagangan Komoditas Pertanian Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Iwan Setiajie Anugrah
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Government ◽  
Competitive Products

<strong>English</strong><br />Asean Free Trade Area (AFTA) is a regional trade cooperation of ASEAN countries intended to boost trade volumes through tariff decrease of specific commodities including those of agriculture. AFTA is scheduled in 2008 but it is implemented earlier in 2003. This is a promising opportunity for Indonesia to boost agricultural product export and a challenge to produce competitive products at the regional level. Some constraints to solve by the government of Indonesia are quality products, limited capital, price and exchange rate policies, market competition, and instable domestic political setting. Implementation of regional autonomy is expected to improve quality of agricultural products to compete in regional and global markets. It will improve farmers’ welfare and local government incomes.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Asean Free Trade Area (AFTA) merupakan bentuk kerjasama perdagangan di wilayah negara-negara ASEAN yang mempunyai tujuan untuk meningkatkan volume perdagangan di antara negara anggota melalui penurunan tarif beberapa komoditas tertentu, termasuk di dalamnya beberapa komoditas pertanian, dengan tarif mendekati 0-5 persen. Dalam kesepakatan, AFTA mulai efektif pada tahun 2008 namun dalam perkembangannya dipercepat menjadi tahun 2003. Bagi Indonesia, kerjasama AFTA merupakan peluang yang cukup terbuka bagi kegiatan ekspor komoditas pertanian yang selama ini dihasilkan dan sekaligus menjadi tantangan untuk menghasilkan komoditas yang kompetitif di pasar regional AFTA. Upaya ke arah itu, nampaknya masih memerlukan perhatian serta kebijakan yang lebih serius dari pemerintah maupun para pelaku agribisnis, mengingat beberapa komoditas pertanian Indonesia saat ini maupun di masa yang akan datang masih akan selalu dihadapkan pada persoalan-persoalan dalam peningkatan produksi yang berkualitas, permodalan, kebijakan harga dan nilai tukar serta persaingan pasar di samping iklim politis yang tidak kondusif bagi sektor pertanian. Diharapkan dengan diberlakukannya otonomi daerah perhatian pada sektor agribisnis dapat menjadi salah satu dorongan bagi peningkatan kualitas produk pertanian sehingga lebih kompetitif di pasar lokal, regional maupun pasar global, dan sekaligus memberikan dampak positif bagi perekonomian nasional maupun peningkatan pendapatan petani dan pembangunan daerah.

scholarly journals Utilization of Preferential Tariff under ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA): Case of Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-290
Author(s):  
Mohammed Faiz Shaul Hamid ◽  
Dr. Mohamed Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Preferential Tariff ◽  
Tariff Rates ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Indicators Of Success

Reducing numbers of tariff lines to 0% and increase in intra-regional trade are often indicators of success of ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA). With more members liberalizing their economies and actively reducing the Most Favoured Nation (MFN) rates, the preferential tariff under AFTA would have a minimal impact on trade patterns unless the preferential tariff treatment is effective. Based on the value of Certificate of Origin (COO) and its export to ASEAN countries, this paper plans to estimate and analyse the utilization of tariffs under AFTA in the case of Malaysia for the period of 2007-2011 to examine the effectiveness of preferential tariffs under AFTA. Analysis is expanded with a “MFN proxy” by excluding Singapore. The results show that the utilization rates remain low and this suggests that preferential tariff rates are only used for the similar products and there will always be a limited level of utilization as some product lines were liberated under MFN tariffs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document