scholarly journals Molecular bird sexing of sulphur‐crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) by poly

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Diana Savitri ◽  
Irhamna Putri ◽  
Warih Pulung Nugrahani ◽  
Medania Purwaningrum ◽  
Aris Haryanto
Keyword(s):  
Gene Segment ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Sex identification of endangered and protected birds in captivity is very important for conservation programs. Half of the world’s bird species are monomorphic, where male and female are difficult to distinguished morphologically, including cockatoos. Sex identification using molecular bird sexing is more accurate and applicable because it directly targets the sex chromosomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the sex of Sulphur‐crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) by detecting differences in the intron size of the chromodomain helicase DNA‐binding 1 (CHD1) gene on the Z and W chromosomes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and to compare of plucked feathers and blood samples as DNA sources for molecular bird sexing. DNA was extracted from feather and blood samples from four C. galerita. Extracted DNA was amplified on the CHD1 gene by PCR method with P2, MP, and NP primers, which were visualized using agarose gel 1.5% under UV transilluminator with a wavelength of 280 nm. The resulting PCR product was detected at 392 bp for the CHD1 Z gene segment and 297 bp for CHD1 W gene segments, where males showed a single DNA band (ZZ) and females showed a double DNA band (ZW). Four C. galerita were 100% successfully determined, consisting of one female and three males. Electrophoresis results showed DNA bands from blood samples were thicker and brighter than DNA bands from feather samples.

scholarly journals PENENTUAN JENIS KELAMIN BURUNG KENARI (Serinus canaria) BERDASARKAN GEN Chromodomain Helicase DNA-Binding 1 (CHD1)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afif Muhammad Akhrom ◽  
Indarjulianto Soedarmanto ◽  
Yanuartono Yanuartono ◽  
Trini Susmiati ◽  
Alfarisa Nururrozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Female Canaries

Phenotype determination of sex in young canaries is very low in accuracy. This study aimed to develop a genotypic sexing method in canaries. This study used 12 canaries consisting of 3 mature males, 3 mature females and 6 one-month-old canaries. Phenotypic sexing by cloacal observation was done on all birds, continued by genotypic sexing to identification CHD1 gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR used blood samples for mature canaries, and feather for mature and one-month-old canaries. The results of phenotypic observations showed that all mature male canaries had prominent and pointed cloaca forms, all mature females had flat and wide, whereas all one-month-old birds had a flat cloaca. The result of PCR showed a single band (500 bp) for mature male and double bands (500 bp and 300 bp) for mature female canaries. The PCR results of one-month-old canaries showed that there were one male and five females. Based on this study, it was concluded that genotypic sexing using the PCR method is effective in the sex determination of canaries.Keywords: canary, CHD1, genotype, PCR, sexing ABSTRAKPenentuan jenis kelamin burung kenari muda secara fenotip akurasinya sangat rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis kelamin burung kenari secara genotip. Penelitian ini menggunakan 12 ekor burung kenari, terdiri dari 6 ekor dewasa (3 jantan, 3 betina) serta 6 ekor umur 1 bulan. Semua burung ditentukan jenis kelaminnya dengan mengamati kloaka dan identifikasi gen CHD1 menggunakan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sampel DNA berasal dari darah dan bulu untuk burung dewasa serta bulu untuk burung umur 1 bulan. Pengamatan fenotip menunjukkan bahwa burung kenari dewasa jantan mempunyai bentuk kloaka menonjol dan runcing, dewasa betina berbentuk datar dan lebar, sedangkan semua burung umur 1 bulan mempunya bentuk kloaka datar. Hasil identifikasi gen CHD1 diperoleh adanya 1 pita gen sekitar 500 bp dari sampel darah dan bulu semua burung kenari dewasa jantan, dan 2 pita gen sekitar 500 bp dan 300 bp dari sampel semua burung kenari betina dewasa. Hasil PCR pada sampel burung umur 1 bulan menunjukkan bahwa 1 ekor jantan dan 5 ekor betina. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penentuan jenis kelamin secara genotip menggunakan gen CHD1 dapat dilakukan pada burung kenari.

scholarly journals Species-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification of Camel (Camelus) DNA Extracts

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1394-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Ya-Jun Wu ◽  
Bao-Liang Xu ◽  
Jing Wan ◽  
Zeng-Ming Qian
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Base Pair Fragment ◽  
Sensitive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract A sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on amplification of a specific DNA fragment was established for the identification of camel (Camelus) materials. The species-specific primer pair L183/H372 was designed based on the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, and its specificity was confirmed by amplification of 3 camel (domestic double-humped camel, wild double-humped camel, wild one-humped camel) samples and 11 non-Camelus animal (sheep, goat, pig, chicken, cattle, fish, dog, horse, donkey, deer, and rabbit) materials. An expected 208 base pair fragment was amplified from camel materials; no cross-reactive or additional fragments were generated from other animal materials. Taq I restriction endonuclease digestion of the unpurified PCR product can be used routinely to confirm the camel origin of the amplified sequence.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the applicability of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to sex identification in Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula)

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Dybus ◽  
Anna Siemierz ◽  
Dariusz Wysocki ◽  
Iwona Szatkowska ◽  
Magdalena Muszyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Turdus Merula ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Evaluation of the applicability of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to sex identification in Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula)Turdus merulais one of most common bird species in Europe. This study verified a method for its sex identification by PCR with P2/P8 primers, based on theCHD1gene polymorphism, proposed in earlier studies as a universal tool for sex identification in most bird species. Although there are some reports that PCR cannot determine sex in Eurasian blackbirds due to a lack of differences in intron lengths ofCHD1-ZandCHD1-Wgenes, our study showed that such a possibility does exist, so it can contribute to an increased understanding of the biology of this species.

scholarly journals Fasciola hepaticain Some Buffaloes and Cattle by PCR and Microscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Ayaz ◽  
Riaz Ullah ◽  
Naser M. AbdEl-Salam ◽  
Sumiara Shams ◽  
Sadaf Niaz
Keyword(s):  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Livestock Rearing

Fasciolosis is the burning problem of the livestock rearing community having huge morbidity, mortality, and economic losses to livestock industries in our country Pakistan. The faecal and liver biopsy samplings were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microscopy technique during the entire study. A total of 307 samples including 149 samples from Karak and 158 samples from Kohat abattoirs were examined by PCR method and overall prevalence of fasciolosis was 5.86% (18/307), amongst theses 8.05% (12/149) in liver biopsy and 3.79% (6/158) in feacal samples of cattle and Buffaloes were recorded. Similarly the microscopy based detection was 3.58% (11/307) including 4.61% (7/149) in liver biopsy and 2.5% (4/158) in faecal samples accordingly. Furthermore the areawise prevalence of fasciolosis in abattoirs by PCR method was found to be 7.59% (12/158) in Kohat and 4.02% (6/149) in Karak. A 618 pb DNA was amplified in 2% agarose gel electrophoreses. It is concluded from the study that prevalence of fasciolosis was higher in abattoir of district Kohat and PCR was a more sensitive method of diagnosis than microscopy.

scholarly journals Molecular techniques for sex identification of captive birds

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1506-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Medania Purwaningrum ◽  
Herjuno Ari Nugroho ◽  
Machmud Asvan ◽  
Karyanti Karyanti ◽  
Bertha Alviyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Conservation Breeding

Background and Aim: Many avian species are considered sexually monomorphic. In monomorphic bird species, especially in young birds, sex is difficult to identify based on an analysis of their external morphology. Accurate sex identification is essential for avian captive breeding and evolutionary studies. Methods with varying degrees of invasiveness such as vent sexing, laparoscopic surgery, steroid sexing, and chromosome inspection (karyotyping) are used for sex identification in monomorphic birds. This study aimed to assess the utility of a non-invasive molecular marker for gender identification in a variety of captive monomorphic birds, as a strategy for conservation. Materials and Methods: DNA was isolated from feather samples from 52 individuals representing 16 species of 11 families indigenous to both Indonesia and elsewhere. We amplified the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding (CHD) gene using polymerase chain reaction with MP, NP, and PF primers to amplify introns with lengths that differ between the CHD-W and the CHD-Z genes, allowing sex discrimination because the W chromosome is exclusively present in females. Results: Molecular bird sexing confirmed 33 females and 19 males with 100% accuracy. We used sequencing followed by alignment on one protected bird species (Probosciger aterrimus). Conclusion: Sex identification may be accomplished noninvasively in birds, because males only have Z sex chromosomes, whereas females have both Z and W chromosomes. Consequently, the presence of a W-unique DNA sequence identifies an individual as female. Sexing of birds is vital for scientific research, and to increase the success rate of conservation breeding programs.

scholarly journals Optimisation of the PCR method for the detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in samples of ready-to-eat chicken meals

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Z. Šabatková ◽  
K. Demnerová ◽  
J. Pázlarová
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Duplex Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This work compared the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the conventional CSN/ISO/10272 culture-based methods in the detection of <I>Campylobacter</I> species in ready-to-eat meals made from chicken meat. PCR was carried out with the primers specific to <I>C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari</I>, and was modified with an internal control. The detection of campylobacters by PCR was performed on both untreated and spiked samples of real food purchased in local stores. For PCR, the detection limit was 2 CFU/g after 48 h enrichment in Park and Sanders broth. Duplex PCR proved to be highly reliable in the detection of campylobacters in different food types. Without extra spiking, samples from a global fast food chain exhibited positive amplification of the PCR product while but negative results were obtained from the cultivation of the same samples.

An unusual case of spinal cord restricted mycobacteriosis in a European mink

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
D. Schaudien ◽  
C. Flieshardt ◽  
I. Moser ◽  
H. Hotzel ◽  
A. Tipold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Mustela Lutreola ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
European Mink ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SummaryGranulomatous myelitis due to infection with Mycobacterium avium was diagnosed in a 4-year-old male neutered European mink (Mustela lutreola). The causative agent was detected by an acid-fast stain and further characterized by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing of the PCR product. A thorough histological evaluation of the remaining organs revealed no granulomatous lesions or detectable acid-fast organisms. Although minks are generally highly susceptible for mycobacteria, localised infections, especially of the central nervous system, are unusual and may represent an atypical chronic form of the disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document